مجله آموزش عالی ایران
سال یازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 43، پاییز 1398)

At todaychr('39')s universities, we are witnessing the emergence of startup companies by the startup teams by student and academic teams; unfortunately, most startups face barriers to success. On the one hand, one of the new topics entering the fourth-generation universities and can be a good target for the future of the startups; the existence of academic spin-offs, centered around scholars and academics, aimed at commercializing research in Universities have been created; the researcher has studied the purpose of the success of startups in a qualitative study of the start-up process for university spin-offs; for this purpose, the two parts of this process have been analyzed; in section First, the relevant texts were translated; in the second section, with purposeful sampling in a structured interview, among 8 of the well A vein with an entrepreneurial background; the process of moving from starter to spin-off was analyzed using the foundation data method; the results of the study by identifying the components of the causative conditions, interventional strategies and indicating the pivot phenomenon with the name of Star Line And the consequence was the ideal launcher for the startup to the universitychr('39')s spin-off; the researcher at the end of the analyzes found the launch pad model for the start-up process of the University of Espionage, entitled "Ideal Model for the Helicopter launch platform" .

Internationalization is one of the important indicators of universities.in addition, universities are among major players in the entrepreneurship ecosystem, creating academic spinoffs through producing and publishing knowledge.

This study is an applied research and, in terms of data collection, is a descriptive-correlational. Data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire from a simple random sample consisting of top and middle managers of academic spinoffs located in science and technology parks of high ranking universities. Data analysis was conducted by SEM (structural equation modeling) to assure the validity and reliability of constructs measurements; the alpha Cronbach and the average variance were calculated higher than 0.7 and 0.5 respectively, confirming the validity and reliability.

results demonstrate that academic spinoffs components (organizational and environmental individual factors) have a positive and significant impact on developing the internationalization of high ranking Iranian universities.Keywords: phenomenology, job search, faculty members, Graduates.

Government–university relationship has always been challenging. Many theories have emerged to explain this relationship. Among them, the principal-agent theory (PAT) has mainly developed in recent decades. This research aims to utilize PAT as a theoretical framework to redefine the government-university relationship to discover the insights agency theory can offer in this context. From the viewpoint of this theory, information asymmetries and goal conflict are the main problems in government–university relationship that coexistence of these problems leads to the agency problem. This study is descriptive research using a systematic literature review (Fink, 2014 & 2018). The most relevant documents in the context of agency theory have been selected and reviewed in general and government- university in particular (81 documents). Results show that the theory systematically by examining adverse selection and moral hazard in the context and utilizing agency costs and agency variables allows the government to evaluate costs and optimal contracts in the pre- and post-contractual relationship with universities. Finally, this theory provides a unique explanation for the government choice and use of certain governance procedures and it can be used for redefining government-university relationship.
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Student satisfaction is one of the concerns of the higher education system in the country which has been less studied. This article is based on research that identifies and prioritizes the variables that affect studentschr('39') satisfaction. Data were collected and analyzed using a researcher-made questionnaire with a sample size of 409 members of 11 faculties of Razi University.The study included two areas of studentschr('39') expectations and their mental perceptions of university performance. Satisfaction with different variables that can be divided into macro, middle, and micro dimensions is affected. In this paper, some micro and middle variables are investigated. In summary, the findings of this study showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the five variables studied (teacher-student interaction, university brand image, space and equipment, staff behavior, and sports cultural facilities) and student satisfaction level. However, what is noteworthy is the lower "service received" (affected by the current performance of universities) than the "student expectations" in all the indicators studied. Therefore, no matter what causes the expectation to decrease or increase the level of perceived performance, it can be said that the satisfaction level is lower than its required level, and this indicates a weakness in the university service management system. Another important finding of this study is the high level of “student-teacher interaction” on student satisfaction.

This study aimed to evaluate and determine the role of entrepreneur-centered curricula as an identity crisis strategy in higher education (case study: graduates of educational sciences). This was an applied research with a mixed method, and its statistical population included professors in the field of entrepreneurship and activists in the entrepreneurship sector, and students of educational sciences in Tehran, Iran. In total, 23 professors, entrepreneurs, and graduates of educational sciences were selected by purposive sampling in the qualitative sections, whereas 125 professors, entrepreneurs, and graduates were selected by convenience sampling using Morgan’s table in the quantitative section. According to the results, the variables of policy-making and professional management of education and learning businesses (β=0.200), information technology management (β=0.200), decision-making and problem-solving (β=0.215) effective communications and interactions (β=0203), management and leadership (β=0.250), and learning management and human resource development (β=0.198) had a direct, positive and significant impact on the structure of the entrepreneur-centered curriculum in the field of educational sciences. The present research can be used to select and screen business instructors, design and standardize training programs, develop training course titles, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of programs and activities for raising entrepreneurial graduates.

Service orientation is a pivotal factor and a strategic direction for the university to keep with changes and perceptions of social needs. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to develop a model for the service-oriented university within the framework of service provision to the community. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach based on the grounded theory method. The sampling was carried out using purposeful (snowball) sampling. The participants consisted of 15 higher education experts. Data collection was conducted using semi-structured interviews and document analysis based on Strauss and Corbin chr('39')s systematic approach (open, axial, and selective coding). Triangulation and observation of participants and higher education experts were used for validation. The findings suggested that paradigmatic model dimensions contained causal conditions (human resources service provision methods, university culture, the establishment of service quality guarantee system, quality of services, university structure, leadership and management, independent financial resources, demanding attitude of beneficiaries), axial phenomena (service-oriented university), contextual conditions (adherence to ethical values, infrastructure building, and facility provision, and mission of the university, agility, sovereignty of collective trust and collective self-efficacy), intervening conditions (public culture, intra and trans-university factors), strategies (culture-building, interaction and communication development, protection of academic independence and academic freedom, empowerment, collaborative management), consequences (service quality improvement, knowledge and awareness-raising, technology and customer-orientation development). The university-based service model was designed and validated based on the above factors.