فصلنامه راهبرد دفاعی
پیاپی 70 (تابستان 1399)

Promotion of the regional power for the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is located in one of the strategic geopolitical regions of the world, is a necessity in order to pave the ground for the realization of the lofty goals of the system and the Islamic Revolution. As a result, it is necessary for the Islamic Republic of Iran define and state its objectives in a clear way considering promotion of the regional power in order to exclude the suspicion of Iran's decolonization. On the other hand, if the Islamic Republic of Iran explains its humanitarian actions and benevolent aims, other countries in the region will align with it in order to achieve stable and unwavering security. This is an applied research and employed a mixed method with a descriptive-analytical approach. The aim of this study was to explain the aims of the Islamic Republic of Iran in regard to promotion of its regional power. The data were collected by two library and field (questionnaire) methods and were analyzed using SPSS software. The validity of the questionnaire was determined through content validity and two-stage distribution and its reliability was 0.961 using Cronbach's alpha method. The statistical sample included 57 individuals. Finally, the aims of the Islamic Republic of Iran in regard to promotion of regional power were defined in terms of three major goals, i.e. deterrence, comprehensive defense and legitimate defense, and were approved by the statistical population with 95% confidence. By determining the distance of the mean of the statistical population, calculating the composite mean and finally using the frequency argument of  "x2", the researcher determined the level of significance and at the end it was determined that the main goal of the Islamic Republic of Iran in promoting regional power is to achieve "comprehensive defense deterrence". (Relying on the expansion and development of defense-security capabilities and capacities).

The military budget of the Islamic Republic of Iran is formed in proportion to the threats, therefore it must be seriously studied and planned. One of the optimal planning strategies in the budgeting process of the Islamic Republic of Iran is to compare its military budget with that of other countries. Thus, this study with the aims of a comparative study seeks to compare the military budget of the Islamic Republic of Iran with those of some countries (USA, Russia, France, England and China). Therefore, the main aim of this study is to identify the important and key factors and components affecting the military budget of selected countries in comparison with the military budget of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This research is a descriptive (case-contextual) applied study using a mixed-method approach, and a survey method. The method of data collection in this research was field and library and the instruments for data collection included documents and especially receiving specialized opinions of the expert community from the questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods have also been used to analyze the data. The results show that the most important constituents of the military budget in the Islamic Republic of Iran are personnel costs, costs of operations, procurement and acquisition, costs related to military structures, costs of research development, testing and evaluation. In this regard, their ranking and prioritization was done using Friedman test and the results show that costs of staff have been regarded as the first priority in the military budget. According to the results in order to determine the military budget of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the horizon of 1404, researchers have introduced these components and ways to provide and receive them to be available to all officials and researchers of relevant organizations.

The importance of conducting research on issues in the field of human resources has become more apparent regarding the changes in this arena. This research aims to study the future of human resources and also to recognize the characteristics of human resources during the future decades in the defense industries. Thus, in this study, at first the effective drivers on the future of human resources were extracted by conducting interviews and data analysis method, then in order to determine the validity of these drivers, the expertise of professors and experts in this field were used in the form of expertise Delphi. The statistical population included experts in the field of human resources in the defense industries and the sampling method is nonprobability due to the quality of the research method. Finally, by using interviews and extracting drivers and surveying experts in the form of expertise Delphi and using SPSS software, the most important drivers affecting the future of human resources were presented. The results of this study showed that the most important drivers affecting the future of human resources are as the following: Economic inequity, decline in the attraction of employing knowledgeable forces in government organizations, reduction in economic growth, intergenerational gap, increase of elders in the future of the country and unemployment. Finally, solutions have been presented for each of these drivers.

Creating human capital is the commencement of the process of attitude change towards individuals in the organization from human resources and a cost view to unique capital and a value-oriented view. Owing to their high importance in warranting public security, the country's defense organizations have a distinct priority over other organizations considering their geopolitical position, and this distinct position has led to an increase in the effectiveness and efficiency of these organizations, and have effectively strengthened the political position of Iran in the region. The main question of the research was as the following: Through what model is it possible to create human capital in defense organizations? The present research is an applied and descriptive study that used a survey method. In this research, using the studies and based on the meta-analysis approach of previous studies, the effective dimensions and components in creating human capital in defense organizations were identified and then using the opinions of 170 experts in these organizations, a coherent model was presented to create human capital. In order to confirm the pattern, t-test was used. The average of results obtained for the dimensions of the human capital creation pattern in 23 cases were significantly higher (p<0.001) than the average of 3 and in 4 cases were less than the average size and the significance of relationship was not confirmed. Then, the model approved by experts was designed that included 23 main dimensions and 122 components. After confirming the model, its dimensions were weighed using the hierarchical analysis process. Finally, based on the obtained results, practical suggestions were provided.

Iran has faced various threats since the establishment of the Islamic Republic. These threats, which have intensified since 2018, have various political, economic and social consequences, and in the meantime have affected the sense of solidarity and national identity of Iranian. The main aim of this paper is to assess evaluation of Tehran's citizens of foreign threats and its effects on the components of solidarity and national identity. The main question of this research is: What is the evaluation of Tehran residents regarding foreign threats and what effect does it have on the sense of identity and national solidarity among them? To investigate this issue, the citizens of Tehran over 15 years old were selected as the statistical population. Using the "Cochran" formula, 400 of them were selected and interviewed using a multi-stage cluster sampling and a questionnaire. The results show that: 1) External threats have a significant impact upon national identity, 2) external threats have a significant impact upon national solidarity, and 3) national solidarity has a significant impact on national identity. Thus, as foreign threats become more serious, the components of solidarity and national identity in Iran are strengthened. According to the results, the greater the sense of security threat, the greater the proportion of belonging to the country and readiness to defend it.

The aim of this research is to identify and evaluate future threats (prospects) outside the scope of AJA missions. This research seeks to answer the question that the most important threats to the Islamic Republic of Iran. Dealing with which is not in the mission area of AJA, but they may involve AJA, what are they on the horizon of 1404? In this research, descriptive statistics and systematic analysis method have been employed to analyze and validate the collected data. The research method is an applied descriptive one and the theoretical foundations and factors affecting the threats are explained using library resources and the field method by holding expert meetings and interviews with experts and using questionnaires. The statistical population of the study included ‌60 military experts and specialists of the Armed Forces and security research, scientific and academic centers with at least 25 years of service, 45 years of age, and an MA degree. The results show that cyber threats, ethnic segregation threats, drug trafficking threats   and environmental threats are the most important ones that AJA will face in the future outside of its obvious undertakings.