نشریه مسائل کاربردی تعلیم و تربیت اسلامی
سال پنجم شماره 15 (تابستان 1399)

Moral intelligence is one of the concepts which are considered in the field of psychology, education, and philosophy nowadays. The present study seeks to develop a valid questionnaire according to Imam Ghazali’s Islamic-Iranian viewpoint. In order to do so, the method of the thematic analysis of Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn by Imam Ghazali was utilized and the components of moral intelligence were adapted according to the different definitions and theories based on an Islamic-Iranian view. Then, on the basis of these components, the items related to this questionnaire were developed. In order to evaluate the psychometric properties of this questionnaire, all students of Kerman universities consisted of the statistical population, 380 people were selected according to Morgan’s table through quota sampling method, and they filled in the questionnaire. The parameters such as content validity, construct validity, and reliability were evaluated by different methods. The content validity and convergent construct validity, and reliability through Cronbach’s alpha indicated the validity of this questionnaire. Furthermore, the findings of exploratory factor analysis showed that 7 factors had been obtained through the items analysis, which are trust, patience and anger control, altruism, sincerity and liberation, generosity, foresight, and humility so that the eigenvalue of these 7 factors is higher than 1 and, in total, explains 56.77 of the variance of the items. Since the developed scale is of the validity and reliability, it can be used to measure the moral intelligence in studies as well as in the education system.

This study seeks to investigate the place of the components of the jihadi education in first-grade junior high school textbooks. The statistical population of the study is all 42 textbooks of the first-grade junior high school in the academic year 2019-2020. Since the volume and content analysis of these textbooks were wide and extensive, from three grades three textbooks entitled Farsi, three textbooks entitled Payamhaye Asemani, and three textbooks entitled Motaleʻat Ejtemaʻi were selected as a sample for content analysis. The research method was content analysis through Shannon entropy method, in which the parts of analysis were all the pages of these textbooks (including texts, questions, activities, and images). The tools of this study are the content analysis forms, including two individual and social dimensions for jihadi education. According to the findings, the highest coefficient of importance (95%) in the textbooks Motaleʻat Ejtemaʻi is related to the component of ‘conscientiousness’ in the individual dimension, and the lowest coefficient of importance (0%) in all three textbooks is related to the component of ‘the spirit of hope in a society’ in the social dimension. The assessment of attention to the components of jihadi education showed that, in the content of the textbooks Farsi, Payamhaye Asemani and Motaleʻat Ejtemaʻi of the first-grade junior high school, relatively good attention has been paid to the components of jihadi education, but no balanced and comprehensive attention has been paid to the components of jihadi education in the contents of these textbooks.

This study seeks to measure the effectiveness of the citizenship skills training on the citizenship rights awareness and practice of these rights according to Law Thesis of Imam Sajjad (as) about citizenship rights. The study was done through a combination of qualitative-quantitative method. In the first part, using the qualitative method, the appropriate educational content was compiled from the law thesis. The quantitative part was performed in a quasi-experimental manner through pre-test-post-test with a control group. The sampling method in the qualitative phase of study was purposeful and there were 5 curriculum planning specialists. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included the first-grade junior high school teenagers of Bandar Lengeh. Using cluster sampling method, 60 people in two experimental and control groups of 30 were replaced. The study with a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test research design was conducted with a control group in 11 educational sessions. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire on ‘Awareness of Citizenship Rights’ and ‘Citizenship Behavior’ which had good validity and reliability. Independent T-test and multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the findings. The results showed that citizenship skills training increases teenagers’ awareness of citizenship rights and also changes their behavior. According to the findings of this study, social relations can be improved by focusing on teaching the curriculum based on Imam’s law thesis.

This study aims to prepare, conduct preliminary implementation, and examine the psychometric indicators of the Ethical Behavior Rating Scale for female high school students. The Population of this study was high school students in District 8area of Tehran. Then, from among all female students in the grade 1 and the grade 2 at the second-grade senior high school in district 8 of Tehran, 368 students who had been organized in the 12 classrooms were selected through cluster random sampling method, and the teachers of each class the sample groups, were asked to complete questions of the Ethical Behavior Rating Scale for each student in each class individually. After collecting information, the obtained data were analyzed through factor analysis. The findings showed that these scale questions are mainly focused on two factors, which together explain 59.58% of the total variance. On the other hand, the study of group differences as another evidence of construct validity showed that, from the teachers’ point of view, there is a significant difference between the ethical behavior of the first-grade junior and the second-grade senior high school students, which is in the second-grade senior high school students’ favor. Furthermore, according to teacher’s opinion, there is a significant difference between the ethical behavior of the second-grade senior high school students in mathematics and the ethical behavior of the second-grade senior high school students in humanities, which is in the second-grade senior high school mathematics students’ favor. The reliability of the scale was calculated through retest methods, Cronbachchr('39')s alpha internal consistency, and correlation between significant graders. These findings indicate that the Ethical Behavior Rating Scale is a suitable tool for rating the ethical behavior of high school students and this scale can be used confidently so as to rate the ethical behavior of the second-grade senior high school students.

Adolescence, one of the most critical periods of development, leads to various stressors. Incompatibility with this period may cause injuries such as suicidal ideation. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of positivist psychotherapy, with emphasis on religious teachings, on improving the psychological adjustment of the students with suicidal ideation in secondary school in Khalkhal. It is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population, from which 30 people were selected for the experimental group and the control group by multi-stage sampling method, was female students at the secondary school in Khalkhal city in the academic year 2019-2020. The Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) and the Bell’s Adjustment Inventory (BAI) (1961) were used for data collection. The findings showed that positive psychotherapy with emphasis on religious teachings has a positive effect on improving psychological adjustment (P <0.01).In general, it can be said that positivist psychotherapy based on religious teachings with a strong theoretical and research background is an appropriate strategy to improve the psychological adjustment of students with suicidal ideation, and it can be used as an effective intervention method in the treatment of this type of mental disorders.

This study, through structural equation modeling, examines the structural relationship between social intelligence and self-differentiation with the mediational role of the teachers’ religiosity. The statistical population of the present study was all 1341 primary school teachers in Bojnourd. The participants, 299 people (135 males and 157 females), were selected through cluster random sampling method; They answered the three standard questionnaires: the Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale (2001), the Model of Religiosity of Glock and Stark (1965), and Skowron and Lander Differentiation of Self Inventory (1986). The validity and reliability of all three questionnaires were confirmed. Data analyzed by path analysis method of structural equation modeling by IBM SPSS STATISTICS 22 software, and SPSS AMOS 16 software. The findings showed that the path coefficient between the social intelligence variable and self-differentiation in the total-effect model without a mediating variable is significant. The findings also confirm the direct effect of the components of social intelligence on the components of self-differentiation, but the religiosity variable does not mediate this relationship. According to these findings, both the religiosity and self-differentiation variables can be considered as a direct consequence of social intelligence, and, so as to increase these two characteristics, it can be suggested that measures should be taken to improve the components of social intelligence in teachers.