نشریه مدیریت و پژوهش های دفاعی
پیاپی 87 (بهار 1399)

War simulation games are now designed by most of the world's advanced military colleges and headquarters for military training. Military officers can reinforce their strategic and tactical abilities by these games. On the other hand, gamification technology has recently been used by organizations to meet educational and behavioral goals. Military gamification is also used in the world as a socio-cultural instrument for producing soft power and empowering armies. This developmental research investigates the structured theoretical literature through meta-analysis and analyzes the data to explain the role of gamification in learning military command and management. Meta-analysis implies the integration of the components such as information, concepts, and theories to form a whole. It is a kind of review based on the concept of knowledge aggregated ideas. Using this approach, researchers develop their studies based on the findings of previous researchers. The findings of this study demonstrate the dynamics associated with the military gamification (including rewards, seeking success and social position, winning over challenge, self-declaration and specificity, competing with others, and humanitarianism), as well as military-related mechanisms (including privileges, processes, missions, virtual goods, ranking tables, tournaments, and gift-giving). To end with, innovative suggestions are proposed based on a nine-dimensional model of educational designing and learning through the use of military gamification technology.

This research is mainly intended to provide techniques for promoting the functions and capabilities of Fuzzy array radars in the detection and tracking of combat UAVs.  This applied research follows a descriptive and analytical method whose statistical population contains all commanders and users of the involved systems. Forty-three individuals are selected as the sample by purposive sampling method.  Based on the findings of the literature and theoretical foundations of the research, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed whose validity was confirmed by the experts and whose reliability was tested by SPSS and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. After the confirmation of the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the researcher analyzed the collected data. The results indicated that eight factors affected the promotion of the function and capability of Fuzzy array radars in the detection and tracking of combat UAVs relating technological characteristics, application, and manpower. They were presented in the research process and the results were demonstrated.

The deep transformation of the concept of government and governmental agencies over the last 40 years has led to new theories and perspectives in the field of public administration. The main implications of these changes relate to turning of the government attention towards the application of the capacity of a wide range of other stakeholders and active agencies in the society to achieve the specified goals. In 1990s, the World Bank defined a special type of governance called good governance, along with its components and measuring indicators at international arena. This applied research is intended to define the theory of good governance and its components with its specific requirements in the Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics through library research method. Afterwards, using a questionnaire as research tool, the researchers identified its indicators in the ministry and its affiliated organizations by referring to the comments of the specialists and managers. Thus, content analysis and survey methods were employed to carry out the research. The results of the statistical analysis (hypothesis testing) obtained by SPSS software on a sample of 45 young or experienced managers of the Ministry of Defense, indicated that good governance indicators were gained properly. Yet, many of its indicators were far from the desired level in this ministry. The closeness of each indicator to the desired level was specified, and scientific and operational guidelines and suggestions were proposed for improving the current situation.

Motivation crisis is an important challenge facing the managers of organizations. One of the factors that can affect employees’ motivation is welfare services. This study is intended to investigate the components of welfare services and their relationship with the use of value engineering method in a defensive-research organization. Service components were considered for welfare services including loans, tourism and pilgrimage, consumption, housing, health insurance and retirement insurance the function of each of which was identified according to the value engineering method. To discover the most effective functions, a questionnaire was designed based on the function. After the confirmation of the validity of the research tool, a reliability 0.932 was achieved by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Effective functions in providing desirable services to employees in different aspects were identified. The results indicated that the function of facilitating living conditions in lending aspect, mental relaxation of employees in the dimension of tourism and pilgrimage, provision of essential employees’ needs regarding consumption, the achievement of relative welfare regarding housing, comforting the employees' concern relating to treatment challenges, providing health in the area of insurance, and guarantee of future in the area of pension insurance achieved the highest scores based on the views of managers and employees.  These findings are the indicators of effective functioning of providing services to employees.

The success of Shiah Islam in playing the role of the ideology of the revolution in Iran has turned Shiism into the most important agent at the arena of Shiite geopolitics and the Islamic world. The authority of Iran in the region, the rise of the Shiite majority in Iraq, the growing popularity of Lebanon's Hezbollah among nations and the dominance of Shiites in some countries in the region, including Yemen, may no longer be ignored. The ideology of the Islamic Revolution of Iran has been able to find numerous followers in the world. The Islamic idealistic groups, under the authority of Shiism, have been able to make a close connection with Iran. This descriptive-analytical research is intended to answer the question of how Shia geopolitics play role in the quality of security of the borders of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The ideology of Islam provides security for Iran miles away from its borders. Although the security of the geographical boundaries on the geography of a country provides security for it, overgeneralizing the interaction between the ideology of the Islamic Revolution and other ideologies outside the political boundaries of the Islamic Republic of Iran will lead to security.

The holy prophet of Islam (PBUH) counteracted the numerical and equipment superiority of the enemy by applying new military tactics and performing a careful command and management. This study is aimed at investigating the military tactics applied in the management and command system of the prophet Muhammad in various wars. Given the nature of this subject and in the process of answering the main question of this applied research (regarding the military principles and tactics used in the management and command system of the holy prophet), a descriptive-analytical method was employed for investigation. Research tools for data collection contained library and documentary method and internet resources. An analysis of the research question helps to find a clear answer leading to a number of military principles and tactics used by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in wars. The results indicated that four important factors in the management and command of the prophet of Islam played significant roles in his victory in the wars: 1- applying a variety of principles and tactics in war; 2- creativity and innovation in wars; 3- preparation and training combat techniques to the army; and 4- organizing the troops and equipment in the battles.