مجله دندانپزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
سال سی و سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 103، تابستان 1399)

Periodontal diseases are prevalent and are not only a threat to oral and dental health of patients and community, but also affect the quality of life associated with oral health. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the quality of life associated with oral health in patients with periodontitis and gingivitis.

47 patients with gingivitis and moderate to severe chronic periodontitis referred to the periodontology department of Yazd Dental School in 2019 were studied. OHIP-14 validated questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life related to oral health. At the beginning of the study, both groups completed the questionnaire. Then scaling and root planning for periodontitis group and scaling for gingivitis group were done. Patients completed the questionnaires again 9-12 weeks after periodontal treatment. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 using independent T-test, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests.

The mean score of quality of life in patients with gingivitis was 19.18±11.68 before the treatment and 13.26 ±11.41 after treatment. The mean score of quality of life in patients with periodontitis was 23.29±9.80 before treatment and 13.95±9.68 after treatment. All the differences between groups before and after treatment were statistically significant (showing better quality of life after the treatment) (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean score of quality of life related to oral health in the studied patients according to the age and sex (P>0.05).

According to the results of this study, treatment of periodontal diseases improves quality of life related to oral health in patients with gingivitis and moderate to severe chronic periodontitis.

Enoxolon is a natural licorice and its formula is similar to cortisone. The aim of this double blind randomized match control clinical trial, was to analyze the effect of Arthrodont toothpaste containing 1% Enoxolone on dental plaque, gingival inflammation, and bleeding indices.

40 patients who had gingivitis were selected. They were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily for three minutes then massage the gums with pastes for one minute and then wash their mouths. The patients were divided into two groups: The Arthrodont toothpaste containing Enoxolon, was given to the study group and the Crest toothpaste free of Enoxolon, was given to the control group. At the beginning of the study and after 21 days, plaque, gingival, and bleeding indices were measured. The statistical analyses were done by Paird T test, T test and nonparametrical analysis of Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney.

In both groups, the three indices decreased significantly. Comparing between the two groups, the gingival and bleeding indices had significantly decreased in the study group (Arthrodont toothpaste) compared to the control group (Crest toothpaste). However, no significance difference in the plaque index between the two groups was found (P=0.143).

The results of this clinical study showed that Enoxolon had anti-inflammatory effect on gingivitis.

The self-adhering composites were introduced to reduce the chair time and minimizing handling errors. They can be bonded micromechanically to the dental structure without the need for separate adhesive application. Since there is limited information about bonding performance of this type of composite, the aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of enamel and dentin margins compared to the conventional adhesive systems.

30 intact premolars were selected and on their buccal and lingual surfaces, standardized class V cavities with the occlusal margin in enamel and gingival margin in dentin were prepared. Then according to the materials used, the specimens were randomly divided into three groups including: 1) Vertise flow, 2) SE bond + ValuxTM Plus, and 3) Single bond + ValuxTM Plus. After final polishing of the restorations, the specimens were subjected to 1000 thermal cycles of 5±2 and 55±2°C and after that dye penetration was examined by stereomicroscope. The collected data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test

The lowest rate of the occlosal microleakage was related to group 2 (P<0.05) and there was no significant difference between groups 1and 3 (P=0.58). Also, no significant difference was found in the gingival microleakage among the three groups (P=0.23). On the other hand, in each group, the gingival microleakage was significantly higher than occlosal margins (P<0.05).

According to the results, sealing ability of self-adhering composite is comparable with that of the conventional adhesives.

Pre-cancerous lesions of the oral mucosa as important malformation need acceptable knowledge of dentists. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of Isfahan city general dentists about pre-cancerous lesions of oral cavity.

This descriptive cross-sectional study based on validated questioner form was performed in 115 general dentists in Isfahan City in 2019, associated with sex and year of graduation from general dentistry course. The mean score was in the range from 0 to14. Data were recorded in Microsoft Excel and then analyzed by SPSS. In order to compare quantitative variables, independent T–Test, One-Way ANOVA and Mann-Whitney was used. P≤0.05 was considered as significant.

The mean age in the participants of: lower than 5 years, between 5-10 years, and more than 10 years of graduation were 28.6±4.9, 30.6±4.0 and 47.9±10 years old, respectively. In total population, the mean score of knowledge was 5.97±2.79. There was not any significant difference between the mean score of knowledge in women when compared to men (5.96±2.99 versus 5.98±2.6; P=0.58). The mean knowledge score in the participants of: lower than 5 years, between 5-10 years, and more than 10 years, of graduation were as follow: 7.8±2.2 versus 5.8±2.9 versus 4.4±2.1, correspondingly (P≤0.05).

For the early diagnosis of pre-cancerous lesions of the oral cavity, retraining program based on oral cavity pathology courses is recommended for the dentists in Isfahan city.

Different materials have been used to make dentures during different years. Teeth used in making dentures should have appropriate physical and mechanical features to meet the needs of masticatory functions, meanwhile having desired beauty. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of previous denture material and f its form and the duration of use in patients referring to the prosthesis department of Tabriz Dental School during 1385 to 1395.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on the basis of paraclinical examination on all cases of removable prostheses in patients referring to the department of prosthodontics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences from 1385 to 1395. Based on the files, the percentage of frequency of previous denture type, previous denture tooth material, previous tooth form, previous time of denture using during the day and night were statistically evaluated by SPSS20 software.

The results of this study showed that out of 471 patients, 151 people used removable dentures. A study of previous denture material showed that the frequency of using dentures containing resin teeth with 48.3% was much higher than porcelain teeth with 13.8. Examination of the dental form showed that in 13.8%, the dental form was with a cusp, in 48.3% without a cusp and in 37.9% the type and form of the teeth were not clear (P<0.01). Evaluations showed that 24.1% of patients used their dentures only during the day and 41.4% of patients used them overnight.

A 10-year study of patients with dentures at the Tabriz School of Dentistry documented the common use of resin teeth denture, as well as overnight use of them and the non-cusp form of denture teeth.

Dental caries is a common childhood disease with a considerable effect on quality of life. In visually imparted children oral health and dental treatments are more complicated. To prevent oral diseases, it is necessary to educate visually impaired children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral hygiene training on oral health status in visually impaired children.

In this semi experimental study, 50 visually impaired children 8 to 12 years old were systematically recruited from visually impaired exceptional schools. Participants were randomly allocated into two control and study groups (25 each). Sillness and Loe plaque index was recorded in all 50 children at baseline and after intervention and follow up periods. The study group received oral hygiene instructions (rolling toothbrush technique) using Braille booklets and hand over hand education. The training repeated three times with two weeks’ intervals and at the end Plaque Index was measured in both groups ANOVA, T-test and Mann Whitney tests were employed to compare intra and inter groups statistical analyses. (α=0.05).

At the baseline, the mean plaque index score in the study group was 2.03±0.52 which decreased to 1.23±0.34 at the end of the intervention (P<0.001). Initially, in control group, the Plaque Index score was 2.26±0.49 which was 2.19±0.44 at the end of the study. Changes in Plaque Index scores were statistically significant between two groups. (P<0.001).

It was concluded that oral hygiene instructions using visually impaired specific training methods improved Plaque Index in these children.

Anxiety is a common problem in patients referred to dental clinics that is associated with underlying personality factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of personality traits in predicting dental anxiety.

In this study, 211 patients (110 men and 101 women) referred to the dental clinics in Tabriz in 2019, were selected by available sampling method. The method of this study is descriptive- correlative. The research instrument was a short-form NEO-personality inventory and a dental anxiety inventory. Data were analyzed by correlation and regression analysis using SPSS22.

The research findings showed that the average age of women and men was 30 and 31 years, respectively. 49% of the clients were single and 51% were married, and the education of most of the clients was undergraduate. Also, Regression analysis showed that dental anxiety had a positive correlation with personality trait of neuroticism (r=-0.49, P<0.01), and it had a negative relationship with extroversion (r=-0.19, P<0.05), agreeableness (r=-0.21, P<0.01), consciences (r=-0.35, P<0.01); and two factors of neuroticism (t=4.71, P<0.01) and conscience (t=2.44, P<0.01), and predicted dental anxiety (P<0.05).

From the results, it can be concluded that anxiety with a sense of danger that was observed in many people in the face of dental interventions, occurred within individuals. By recognizing root factors, it can be partly strengthened by deterrent and suppressor personality factors for anxiety, and thus, taking advantages of the dental services and preventing from avoiding dental treatments.

Interest and satisfaction of students toward their field of study has important role in knowledge promotion, future activities, and also healthcare of country. This study aimed to evaluate the attitude of dental students toward their field of study and also their future career.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was based on a standardized researcher designed questionnaire in 2018. Demographic data was collected and questions were based on the attitude of students toward their field of study and their future. ANOVA and Backward stepwise regression methods were used for statistical analysis. Significance level was determined at 0.05.

In this study 62.2% of responders were female and 37.8% were males. Students chose dentistry under the influence of following matters consecutively: high income, recommendation of people around and self-interest. Girls compared to boys, were significantly influenced more by self-interest and also had more interest compared to boys for working in dentistry (P<0.05). Also, most of students were anxious about the increase in the number of dental students.

Students had positive attitude toward their field of study and their future. They were interested in working in this field but factors such as not having enough familiarity toward this field and also an increase in the number of students in recent years created some worries for them.