مجله مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 61 (امرداد و شهریور 1399)

Today’s the Internet has become an integral part of the organization and has led to increased productivity and improved communication. Meanwhile, something that has become a concern for the managers of organizations and become their main concern, staff's Personal use of the Internet is referred to as cyberloafing. This research investigates the effect of passive leadership on staff cyberloafing with the role of mediating of workplace ostracism in Department of Sports and Youth of Lorestan Province. The research is a descriptive correlation in terms of its purpose and in terms of research type. The statistical population of the study consisted of all employees of the department of Sports and Youth of the Province, numbering 158 people. Due to the limited number of communities, the total number method has been used. In order to measure the variables of the research, standard questionnaire was used. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by using the content validity and AVE validity method (passive leadership, 0.804, workplace ostracism, 0.836, Cyberlofing 0.819) and Cronbach's alpha (passive leadership, 0.811, workplace ostracism, 0/863, Cyberlofing 0.752). For data analysis, structural equation modeling and PLS software have been used. The results of the research show that passive leadership is both directly and through workplace ostracism as the main cause of the cyberlofing of employees and exacerbate this misconduct.

Today, it's important to select coaches and athletes for national teams so that the success of the national teams depends on the performance of these people. As a result, this study aimed to develop indicators for the selection of coaches and athletes of the national team of weightlifting and the degree of importance of each of these indicators. The statistical population of the study was knowledgeable individuals in the field of weightlifting and the statistical sample was divided into two sections, which were compiled in the section for the development of indicators for reaching theoretical saturation with 20 knowledgeable interviewers and indicators. In the section on determining the importance of indicators, the indexes were compiled by a questionnaire to 70 people who were informed about weightlifting to determine the importance of these indicators. The tool was also divided into two sections: (a) Interviews with individuals through the 360 degree technique and a library study for compiling indicators that was semi-structured. B) In the survey section, the indexes were compiled by questionnaires. The TOPSIS method was used to analyze the data and prioritize the identified items. The results of the research show that the indicators of the selection of educators in order of importance were individual characteristics, management characteristics, technical and tactical characteristics, social characteristics, personality traits and communication and motivational characteristics. In the athletes' section, individual characteristics, technical and tactical characteristics, personality traits, managerial characteristics, communication and motivational characteristics, and social characteristics were most important, respectively. As a result, the Weightlifting Federation is recommended to focus on the selection of coaches and athletes.

Today the main goal of any organization is to achieve knowledge management and human resource development .Therefore, in today's competitive environment, the need for its managerial frameworks, especially in the field of succession, is felt more than ever. The purpose of this study was to design a model of succession management based on knowledge management in the Ministry of Sport which was carried out with qualitative research method with fundamental exploratory nature. The research data were collected through a snowball sampling method based on deep and semi-structured interviews with 21 academic experts and individuals with managerial experiences in the Ministry of Sport. Based on Grounded theory and with classical approach, data was coded and analyzed and finally the model was designed based on the classic approach of Glaser (1992). The results showed that for implementation of Succeeding knowledge for initial context, a set of requirements, including culture, support and commitment of senior managers, transparency in affairs of management of human resources,legal requirements, economic support, technology development and establishment of a meritocracy system is required; In addition, the necessary executive measures were classified in7stages, respectively, including Establishment of knowledge management system, identification of incentives, the determination of succession committee, the identification of key posts, the determination of the entering of individuals to the succession plan, assessment and selection of candidates, and enablers of candidates. Finally, it was determined that modeling could be used to determine the indicators for the establishment of a knowledge succession system in Ministry of Sports and Youth.

The purpose of this study was to present a sport for all development model in Islamic Azad University that was carried out using systematic theory of foundation data theory. The participants in the present study were experts and clear-sighted persons in the field of sport for all, working in physical education and sports sciences faculties. Twenty of them were selected as theoretical sampling for deep and exploratory interviews and interviews continued until theoretical saturation stage. The credibility of the findings was determined by the members matching methods, peer reviews and trial interviews. For data analysis, open, axial and selective coding was used. The results indicate that 450 initial conceptual propositions with 14 categories and 38 meanings in the form of six dimensions of the paradigmatic model including: causal factors (1 categories); the main phenomenon (increase participation of students, staffs and faculty members); strategy (2 category); the underlying features (5 categories); environmental conditions (4 categories); outcomes (1 category) were identified. The results of the research model showed improvement in attitude and awareness, increasing motivation and interest and increasing vitality and happiness can attract the participation of students, staff and faculty members in university sport for all activities. Therefore, it is essential for the development of sport for all and increasing the participation of individuals, sport for all development policies based on the model in the Islamic Azad University.

Nowadays it’s the aim of many organizations and industries, especially service base organizations, to build a strong brand. The aim of this study was to determine the sport sciences institute's brand personality through architypes. The study method was qualitative and applying. It was a grounded study base on implementation. The statistic population of the study was includes all experts who were aware of sport sciences institute and its affairs. The study samples were 51 people. This group was consist of 18 faculty member, 13 SSRI staff, 5 students and 15 faculty members of other universities who were a scientific group member of SSRI. Data was gathered through semi structural interviews objectively. Interviews were analyzed with content analysis method. In the first level of coding 138 codes was found and in the second level 9 concepts designed which included physical resources, innovation, financial resources, human resources, digital environment, public relation, organization identity, external factors and management. Eventually, these 9 concepts affect brand personality through3 categories of 1. Experience, attribute and organization identity, 2. In control and out of control, 3. Direct and indirect. Also, current brand personality of sport sciences institute was found to be “seeker” and suitable brand personality of football league organization was “creator”. Identifying now and suitable brand personality helps developing future visions of the organization. Also, sources of brand personality perceptions can help developing marketing strategies.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of occupational safety and political behaviors on organizational pessimism and Prestige in sports federations. The statistical population of the study was all staff of the selected federations. Sampling method was purposive sampling. The selection of federations was based on their medal potential in the Olympic and Asian Games, with 181 people selected as Morgan's table. It is worth noting that this research is descriptive and is a type of correlation study. Data were collected from four organizational pessimistic questionnaires (1998), Mill's and Asfour organization (1992), political behavior of Naghshbandi and Mirani (2018), Nissi et al (2000). The factual and content validity of the research tools was confirmed by a group of professors. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was also used for instrument reliability. SPSS and Smart-PLS software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that direct effect in the research model of the effect of political behaviors on organizational dignity, job security effect on organizational dignity and organizational pessimism was significant. However, the effect of political behaviors on organizational pessimism and the effect of organizational pessimism on organizational dignity is irrelevant, as well as the indirect effect of the research on the effect of political behaviors and job security through organizational pessimism on organizational dignity. It can be said that the managers will be more transparent with the staff and decrease their political behavior; as a result, the organizational prestige of the selected sports federations will be increased.

The purpose of the research is to analyze and prioritize the barriers of presence of women as the spectators in sports stadiums in the field of football.The research method was qualitative and the Delphi approach was used. The qualitative section included collaborators in the Delphi panel. In the Delphi panel, 23 people in the first round and 16 in the second and third rounds participated in the research, of which 9 were university professors, 7 clerics, and 7 police personnel. Purposeful sampling method was used. After collecting the data from the Delphi approach, a hierarchical analysis questionnaire was used to prioritize the barriers. Based on the agreement of experts, political, security, cultural-social, infrastructure and management components were among the obstacles for the presence of women in sports complexes. Political barriers with an average weight of 0.525 had the highest priority and then management barriers with an average weight of 0.249, socio-cultural barriers with an average weight of 0.104 infrastructure barriers with an average weight of 0.886 and security barriers with an average weight of 0.035 arranged. It seems that even women's issues in the field of sport have been politically motivated, which places sport in opposition to education, and given that sport is a topic that can be considered an opportunity and a threat, it is better to separate it from political affairs, because the health of the urban community and citizens is about to engage in sport in a safe environment.

The purpose of this study was studying the hope status for employment of students and graduates in physical education and sport sciences. This research was applied in terms of applied and descriptive-survey method. The statistical population consisted of all students and graduates of physical education and sport sciences in Tehran's public universities. According to the Krejcie & Morgan (1970). The highest number of samples was 384 cases, and finally, 350 unconfirmed questionnaires were obtained. To collect the data, Querishi Rad'S hope for Employment Questionnaire (2008) was used. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.83. However, in order to confirm the construct validity, a confirmatory factor analysis using the statistical software "Laserl" was used. Finally, to investigate the status of each of the components and main structural variables, a single group t test was used with the help of the statistical software "SPSS". The results of the research showed that in general, the status of job-hope for students and graduates of physical education and sport sciences in all aspects was significantly lower than the optimal level. Meanwhile, little hope of finding a post-graduate career can lead to dissatisfaction, feelings of frivolity, the phenomenon of brain drain and migratory emigration in educated young people in the university. Hence, strengthening job expectation index is one of the components that can play a very effective role in the skills and achieve the results of the career path.

The purpose of the present study was to Establishing an assessment recommender system to measure athletes' satisfaction with insurance services using Data Mining techniques. The method of this research is descriptive and is of survey type which is objective and applied in terms of collecting field information. The statistical population of the present study was athletes who regularly participated in sports in different sports in 2018, using Morgan and krejcie table 384 as a sample. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by 12 Sport management andinsurance specialists and its reliability was α = 0.86. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to normalize the data and Association Rules and apriori algorithm for classification and clustering of the algorithm. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23 and WEKA version 3.9.2. The findings showed that the most common injuries among athletes were upper limbs and dislocation. There is also a higher rate of injury in team disciplines. Results of satisfaction and ease of reimbursement of damages to insured athletes showed that athletes had moderate satisfaction with sports insurance services. as well as ensuring the most important component and accountability was the least important component in improving the satisfaction of athletes from insurance services. The results indicate that the number of athletes referring to the use of sports insurance plays an important role in the satisfaction of athletes with the services of the Sports Medical Federation.

Epidemics create a lot of social and behavioral changes in all areas, Sport is no exception. The aim of this study is Understanding Lived Experience of Iranian Professional Athletes from COVID-19 pandemic. The research was carried out by the qualitative method and through a phenomenological approach. The participants were 19 Iranian Professional Athletes that were selected from the purposeful sampling. Through deep and unstructured interviews, data were collected. data were analyzed by using the seven-step Diekelman et al`s (1989) approach. According to the data analysis, five categories of meanings were identified about the Lived Experience of Iranian Professional Athletes from the COVID-19 pandemic. They are: a) Mood swings and changes in personal habits, b) Change in lifestyle, c) revision in career, d) find Opportunities for activism, e) redefining the Social-economical functions. These concepts of experience in the life-world of Iranian Professional Athletes from COVID-19 pandemic are Constitutions of their social action. In the case of proper analysis and application, they can be helpful in better managing Professional sport in Epidemics situations.

Today, the production, distribution, and consumption of mimicry and fake goods in sport are one of the global trends that are growing alarmingly and have become an income-generating industry. The purpose of the present study was to identify the mental patterns of experts about consumers of mimicry and fake brands of sports products. The research method was an interpretative paradigm, and in terms of data certainty, it is a combination of exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) approach and also it’s Q-methodology.The statistical population of this study consisted of sports marketing specialists, university professors of sports management and marketing, and sport goods retailers, who were selected by the purposeful method. Among the deep interviews with the experts and the research project, the set of Q's phrases was identified and endorsed in 29 phrases. Visual and conceptual narrative Q phrases and charts confirmed by the experts. By analyzing the factors, six mental patterns: price-orientation, service-oriented, figurative, value-oriented, empiricist, and challenges from experts were identified and interpreted. Finally, around the identified patterns discussed and the production of the main products with good quality and reasonable prices, as well as professional design in the shadow of the support of the operating system, as suggestions for the removal of the damages that mimicry and fake brands on the domestic market Are being introduced.

The world is currently facing a much more serious crisis than in the past. COVID-19's crisis has seriously damaged many jobs and industries. Sports businesses are also among the most severely affected by the current crisis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the challenges facing sports businesses. Methodologically, this research is qualitative research and its purpose is practical. The research population includes sports business owners. The results of the challenges were classified into two areas: structural and business. The structural level had two sub-branches, macro and micro. In the business challenges section, two sub-branches were infrastructure and human resources. Also, the solutions were presented by the research audience. Strategies for economic recovery in the post-Corona period were also identified, including political, structural, and economic solutions. Finally, sports authorities are encouraged to plan for business owners as soon as possible, taking into account the identified challenges, in order to prevent the closure and bankruptcy of most sports activists. Also, with the support of the government for sports businesses, to guide new investors, allow the growth of the price of sports services and amend the privatization laws in the current special circumstances.