International Journal of Management, Accounting and Economics
Volume:7 Issue: 10, Oct 2020

Inflation persistence (or inertia) has been a problem in many developing countries and due to the relationship between inflation and economic growth, much research has been conducted on the literature to study closely these macroeconomic variables in developing countries (Brick, 2010; Gokal and Hanif, 2004). This paper however made use of a superior method known as quantile autoregressive model proposed by Koenker and Xiao (2006) to estimate the persistence of inflation, the dynamic behavior and examine how diverse shocks may perhaps affect the rate of inflation within different quantiles. The data employed in this study is the monthly year-on-year Ghana inflation rate from January 2000 to July 2019. The result shows that Ghana inflation rates exhibits low persistence at both lower and higher quantiles and a mean reversion behavior across quantiles. Also, we observe that Ghana inflation rate is globally stationary as well as portraying non-stationary behavior in about 10% of the sampled observations. Evidently, the results again reveal that Ghana inflation rate has irregular characteristics at different quantiles in its conditional distribution. Also, there is a bidirectional relationship between Ghana overall inflation rate and its components (food and non-food inflation).

Generally two types of banking system exist in Bangladesh: conventional banking system and Islamic banking system. The conventional banking system consists of interest based banking system. On the other hand Islamic banking system is free of interest. As a result their profitability also differs. The purpose of this study is to compare the profitability of conventional banking system with that of Islamic banking system. Total 270 bank-years are considered as sample from the 30 listed banks of DSE of which 23 are conventional and 7 are Islamic banks during the period of 2010 to 2018 (3rd quarter for 2018). The result of this study is that conventional banks are more profitable than Islamic banks. Conventional banks’ Return on Assets (ROA) and Profit Expense Ratio (PER) is significantly higher than those of Islamic banks but there is no significant difference in Return on Equity (ROE). Moreover it is also found that for conventional banks Total Equity to Total Assets (TETA) and Deposit to Total Assets (DTA) significantly affect ROA but for Islamic banks only Total Equity to Total Assets (TETA) affects ROA significantly. For conventional banks Deposit to Total Assets (DTA) affects ROE significantly and for Islamic banks Total Equity to Total Assets (TETA) and Debt Equity Ratio (DER) affects ROE significantly. This result may help these two sectors to know their position so that they can improve their present conditions. Besides, the regulatory authority will find it easier to incorporate new rules and regulations for those banking system. Further research can be done using the data of other countries where Islamic banking system exists.

The main objective of this study was to consider the impacting factors on pricing decisions in industrial markets. Research method was of experimental type and data was gathered using semi-structured interview. Population consists of all accountants in Industrial companies in Tehran Province, who 65 expert accountants on related field were selected as sample size through randomly sampling method and were interviewed by researchers. To gather data, the researchers, firstly, send an email to firm and researcher was allowed to interview with the accountants of the firms. Then, they go the firms and the interviews were administrated. Validity and reliability of interview questions were obtained using proposed method of Guba (Holloway& Wheeler, 2013), in such a way that researchers refer to participants and provide them the selected factors and variables and after that they confirmed them and provided their satisfaction, its validity and reliability were confirmed. Results showed that 23 sub-main factors are identified in which 6 sub-main factors belong to internal factors, 8 sub-main factors belong to external factors and price sensitivity has 9 sub-main factors. In addition to, 16 primary codes belong to internal factors, 22 primary codes refer to external factors and 12 primary codes belong to price sensitivity. Totally, 3 main factors impacting on pricing decision in industrial markets, 23 sub-main factors impact on pricing decisions in industrial markets and 50 primary codes are identified that impact on pricing decision in industrial markets based on accountant perspectives.

In this study, the effect of audit quality on the market value of cash holdings was investigated. The company’s auditor expertise and tenure were considered as measures of audit quality. The regression model developed by Faulkender and Wang (2006) was applied to estimate the market value of cash holdings.Target sample includes 175 listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange during 2008-2014 (1387-1393Iranian calendars). In this study, it was supposed that audit quality affects the market value of cash holdings. The hypotheses were examined using panel data and a multivariate regression model of generalized least squares. The results indicated that the company’s auditor expertise affects the market value of cash holdings (the positive and significant relationship statistically). However, tenure does not affect the market value of cash holdings.