فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت ترافیک
پیاپی 57 (تابستان 1399)

Nearly 1.35 million people die each year due to traffic crashes, 50% of which belong to vulnerable users (pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists). Considering the importance of pedestrian safety at intersections that are an important part of the urban pedestrian network, it is necessary to take steps to increase pedestrian safety. The purpose of this study is to present a prioritization for the modification of hazardous intersections based on factors affecting pedestrian safety at 25 important intersections of 11th district of Tehran. The total number of crashes in these 25 intersections and their 50-meter buffer over the years 2017-2019 is more than 25% of total crashes. More than 40% of the fatalities are pedestrians and these modifications lead to improve safety. In this regard, prioritizing hazardous segment methods such as average crash frequency, crash rates, EPDO and Fuzzy-AHP method were used. A questionnaire with 9-degree fuzzy spectra was used to identify the indices and prioritization criteria for paired analysis. Results show that prioritizing hazardous intersections influenced by the type of indicators and indices used in evaluating intersection safety. Finally, a comprehensive plan of prioritizing hazardous intersections presented based on pedestrian safety and land use indices; accordingly, the Molavi-Valiasr intersection has the highest priority for reform.

Abstract According to research, the human factor accounts for about 75% of the causes of accidents (in developed countries that use standard roads, it reaches 90%, although the death toll is much lower than in our country. ), The need for training for traffic users has been proven. Inexperience and unfamiliarity with regulations and lack of vocational training are important human factors in the occurrence of accidents. In this article, the effect of forced retraining of rules and regulations on changing traffic behavior and the rate of violations of offending drivers in Tehran has been investigated. In this study, among the offending drivers who participated in retraining classes, 140 people were selected as statistical samples for the study. The behavior of these drivers was analyzed before and after attending classes. The procedure is a comparison between the rate of driver violations before and after training. The results of the research indicate that retraining the rules can increase the non-commission of violations by drivers by up to 130% and play a role in reducing one or more violations by drivers by up to 25%. Also, effective on younger drivers (drivers who have less than their driver's license) than older drivers (drivers who have more than their driver's license). The longer a driver's license has been issued, the less effective the training will be.

Urban transportation is considered as one of the important factors in the sustainable life and growth of the city and one of the important components of transportation. The present study aims to examine the various options for public transport in terms of the three pillars of sustainable urban development. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive research in terms of method. Data were collected in two ways: library and field and the collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire of pairwise comparisons. The study sample consisted of 80 specialists and experts in the field of public transportation and specialists in urban planning and sustainable development in the university community. In data analysis, the method of hierarchical analysis of pairwise comparisons and Expert Choice software have been used. The research findings in the economic dimension of sustainable development showed that the most suitable and stable public transportation system is the city train system and then the bus and taxi respectively. In the social dimension, the highest priority is with the urban train and after There are taxis and buses. Of course, taxis and buses sometimes overtake each other between the second and third priorities in terms of these variables. Finally, the results show that public transportation systems in Tehran in terms of desirability and stability from the highest to the lowest levels are: urban train system, taxi and bus.

Attention to the realization of social justice and the same distribution of the benefits of transportation systems and policies for all segments of the important community and one of the pillars of urban development. Traffic caused by concentration in the central areas of the cities will result in the lack of access of most residents or access at a great cost. The existence of a traffic plan in the central areas of the city will result in a traffic jumble and a loss of public transportation network. Considering the above issues, the main goal of this research can be to analyze the effects of implementing the traffic safety plan on social justice in Tehran's urban transport network in this area. This research seeks to answer this question. Which factors leads to the failure to realize social justice in the implementation of the Tehran traffic area?The present research is applied in terms of its purpose and based on descriptive-analytical nature using the network structure analysis (ANP) decision making method.Verification of access and transfer rates, vertical pricing and vertical justice are considered. Results show that the prime rating criterion (1) has the highest priority and priority criterion of vertical justice (3) The lowest value and index of rate of costs (1) and per capita car ownership (6) were the least important indicator in the subject and purpose of the research.

In daily work life, Rahvar officers face various job challenges, obstacles and pressures that threaten their self-confidence, motivation and consequently their job performance. Therefore, training them in social vitality can Dealing with job barriers and challenges to be effective. The purpose of recognizing the effectiveness of social vitality training on self-efficacy and job success among Rahvar Naja police officers.

The statistical population of the study was all officers of the part-time bachelor's degree program at Rahvar College. Which were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (25 people in each group). The experimental group received 12 sessions of 70 minutes (two sessions per week) and the control group did not receive training. Both groups completed self-efficacy and job success questionnaires as pre-test, post-test and follow-up.

The results showed that in the post-test and follow-up stages, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the variables of job success and job self-efficacy of Rahvar Naja officers. In other words, social vitality training in the post-test and follow-up stages significantly increased the job success and job self-efficacy of Rahvar Naja officers.

Officers with high social vitality make more efforts to achieve success, but the impact of training on job self-efficacy is greater than job success.

Road Transportation is one of the most important economic sectors whose services are used as intermediate and final goods. The increase in the price of this sector, in addition to the impact it has on the dimensions of participation in travel decisions, including destination selection, travel time, method of transportation and traffic management, it also affects the prices of different economic sectors that has not been studied in previous studies. The purpose of this study is to fill this research gap that in addition to examining the position of transportation among economic sectors in Iran and calculating the total effects, direct effects and indirect effects of a 20% increase in road transport prices on the prices of different sectors and Changes in the price index of economic sectors. The method used in this research is input-output technique and all economic sectors of Iran in the input-output table of 1390, which includes 99 parts, in this research has been merged into 29 economic sectors. The results of the study show that road transportation rank is fifth among 29 economic sectors in terms of forward linkage. The highest impact of the 20% increase in road transport prices on changes in the price index of food industry sectors with 47.75%, trade and hotel management with 44.26%, agriculture, horticulture, agricultural services, animal husbandry and forestry with 17.42%, petroleum products, Chemical products, non-metallic mineral industries with 15.05% and housing with 10.07%.