مجله علمی پزشکی جندی شاپور
سال نوزدهم شماره 5 (پیاپی 128، آذر و دی 1399)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) as a chronic disease has a profound effect on the quality of life of couples infected with the virus. The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying factors that create romantic attachment in HIV-infected couples.

This study has been done with a qualitative type approach and using the method of contractual content analysis with inductive method. Participants included 14 HIV-positive couples who were included in the study by purposive sampling method and were subjected to face-to-face and semi-structured interviews. After data collection, all interviews were conducted and reviewed and classes were extracted. First, the semantic similarities were reviewed and the subclasses were identified, and then in the review, the related subcategories were placed in the same category.

In general, the main category in this study is the underlying factors of romantic attachment and subclasses included "love and like", "emotional security", "sacrifice", "social support", "reassurance and encouragement", "maintaining a positive relationship" "caring for the spouse" and "appreciating the spouse".

The existence of romantic attachment in HIV-infected couples paved the way for romantic, supportive and caring behaviors and a safe and fruitful relationship. The quality of life in HIV-infected couples has improved despite these factors, which in turn helps to improve their physical and mental well-being.

Migraine is a recurring headache that its severity varies from moderate to high. Preventive treatments are recommended to treat migraine headaches. Drugs used for preventive treatment include sodium valproate and magnesium sulfate.

In this study, 65 patients aged 18 to 50 years with a history of migraine with acute migraine attack were enrolled and divided into two groups. Prescribing and administering medicine was done by one person and evaluation of symptoms and visual analog scale (VAS) was performed by a second person without the knowledge of the prescribed medicine. Then, the effect of these drugs in terms of VAS reduction was evaluated half hour after injection and after 1 and 2 hours later and recorded in the checklist. Finally, the information was analyzed with SPSS.v11 statistical software.

The results of this study showed that the mean age of patients were 36.11 with a SD=10.97. About 60% of patients have a positive family history of migraine disease. Results revealed that 97.1% of patients have nausea and 49.3% of them have vomiting. Also, magnesium sulfate and sodium valproate groups were not significantly different at half an hour, one hour and two hours after injection and before injection.(p-value=0.999 & p-value=0.788 & p-value=0.783).

This study showed that there is no significant difference in the amount of pain reduction in acute migraine attacks between sodium valproate and magnesium sulfate groups. Therefore, the use of either of these two drugs does not differ in the improvement of pain in the patient

The attitude and knowledge of the personnel and the companions are effective in using electroconvulsive to treatment patients with severe depression and it can have positive and negative effects on the treatment of these patients.

the aim was to evaluation and assessment the knowledge and attitude of companions and personnel in the use of electroconvulsive in the treatment of patients with major depression in Bandar Abbas.

The present study was an evaluation study in which the study population was selected from the personnel and companions referred to Ibn Sina Center . 187 people from the companions and 56 people from the personnel of this center were selected as available samples and they completed a standard questionnaire with high reliability in relation to attitude and knowledge in the field. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software and independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and correlation of chi-square test.

The level of knowledge of the companions and personnel was not significantly different from each other, and more than half of the companions and more than 60% of the personnel were moderately aware of electroshock therapy. More than 70% of companions and more than 95% of personnel had a positive attitude towards electroconvulsive and the attitude of the personnel was significantly better than that of the companions.

Because of the importance of knowledge and attitude of personnel and companions in improving the process of electroconvulsive treatment, continuous education and notification are essential to raising people''s knowledge and attitude.

Colon cancer is already one of the most prevalent cancers among different societies around the world for which some diagnostic modalities have been developed. With CT colonography there is the possibility of observing extracolonic findings which might have high clinical importance. Here we evaluated frequencies of extracolonic findings.

This cross sectional study was performed in 2016-2019 in Isfahan. 402 patients with colon problems which had been previously CT colonography imaging were entered. Data regarding to extracolonic findings were collected and analyzed.

We showed that there is a significant relation between total extracolonic findings and findings with moderate importance and age. In the way that these findings are more frequent in higher ages (p <0.001).

Generally, in this article we indicated thatCT colonography in patients with colon problems especially patients with higher ages might lead to find extracolonic findings with high importance. Keywords: Colon cancer, extracolonic finding, CT colonography.

Early diagnosis of internal root resorption is a challenge in endodontics. Image-processing filters are applied to facilitate image interpretation for diagnostic or treatment purposes. The aim of this study was investigation the effect of contrast alterations in detecting internal root resorption in CBCT images.

Fifty single root teeth with were splited mesiodistally in this invitro case – control study. Artificial Internal resorption lesions were created in cervical, middle or apical areas. CBCT images were taken before and after cavity preparation. CBCT images was evaluated by two radiologists in low, intermediate and high contrasts. The data were analyzed using Kappa and MacNemar tests on SPSS software. Overall accuracy evaluated with sub curve analysis of ROC.

Low contrast images have the highest sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy (100%, 100%, 100% for first observer and 92%, 100%, 96% for second observer, respectively). In apical area in low, intermediate and high contrasts, sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy is 100%, 100%, 100%, respectively. There is a significant difference with reality in high contrast-cervical resorption group (p=0.016).

The low contrast may be an acceptable processing filter in detection of internal root resorption. Keywords: Root Resorption, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Image processing

Peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak) is a strong predictor of survival in cardiac patients. LVEF is reflection of the functional capacity of the heart. The aims of this study were to compare the effects of high intensity interval training(HIIT) to moderate intensity continuous training(MICT) on VO2peak and LVEF of heart patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery(POST CABG).

Twenty-four POST CABG patients(15men and 9women) with an average age of 60.75±3.16 years and average body mass index(BMI) of 28.40±1.09 kg/m2 were randomly divided into three groups, HIIT, MICT and control group(CG). The training groups, Exercised for 8weeks, 3sessions per week and 45min per session. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc bonferroni test were used for statistical analysis.

Both HIIT and MICT groups showed significant improvement in VO2peak after eight weeks of CR program(p < 0.05), and improvement in VO2peak in the HIIT group was significantly greater than the improvement in the MICT group(P=0.011). Patients' LVEF did not significant change after eight weeks of CR program in either groups HIIT and MICT(P>0.05), also was not observed significant difference between the two groups(P=1.000).

According to the results of this study, HIIT is more effective than MICT for improving VO2peak in POST CABG patients, and despite the high intensity of HIIT, its use in the CR programs of these patients can be safe. These results can help sports medicine professionals choose the optimal style and intensity of CR exercise and thus improve the exercise capacity and quality of life of heart patients.

Research has shown that serum levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate are associated with insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of yoga training with DASH diet on serum levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate and insulin resistance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

In the present quasi-experimental study, 36 women with GDM were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 12 patient: yoga training, DASH diet and combination (yoga training and DASH diet). The research intervention included eight weeks of yoga training, three sessions per week and each training session for 50-60 minutes. The DASH diet was also monitored by a nutritionist. Fasting blood sampling was performed 24 hours before and 48 hours after the intervention.

After eight weeks, a significant decrease in fasting blood sugar levels was observed in the combination group compared to the DASH diet group (P = 0.045). Also, in the combination group, vitamin B12 reduction was significantly higher than the DASH diet group (P = 0.047), but no significant difference was observed between changes in insulin resistance, homocysteine, and folate between groups.

Although both practice yoga and DASH diet to lower blood glucose however, it has no significant effect on insulin resistance, homocytin and folate levels, and cannot prevent vitamin B12 depletion in gestational diabetes.

Respiratory exercise training based on pulmonary Rehabilitation can lead to improvement of physical function and pulmonary function in COPD patients. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two protocols of inspiratory pressure threshold loading on some spirometer indexes, physical function and dyspnea in COPD patients.

In present semi-experimental research thirty patients with moderate to severe intensity of COPD were selected targetly, and divided randomly into three groups: control (n=10 each), moderate intensity of inspiratory resistive training, high intensity of inspiratory resistive training.. Spirometer indexes, dyspnea, and physical function base on 6MWD test were measured before and after pulmonary rehabilitation protocols. Two way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (P<0.05).

Following implementation of pulmonary rehabilitation protocols, a significant increase in inspiratory maximal pressure and a significant decrease in leg fatigue after 6MWD, were found in comparison with control group (P<0.05). But there were no significant differences between intervention groups (P>0.05). After pulmonary rehabilitation periods there were no significant differences between FEV, MVV, FEV1/FV, VT 6MWD, and dyspnea levels among control and intervention groups (P>0.05).

These findings suggest that respiratory training can lead to an increase in MIP and decrease in inspiratory muscle metaboreflex. Consequently lead into a decrease in fatigue in active limbs.

Dermoscopy is an important in-vivo, non-invasive diagnostic technique that allows inspection of morphological features that are not visible with bare eyes. It has an important role in enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of skin lesions. The aim of this study is evaluation of the use of dermoscopy in diagnose of malignant skin lesions and premalignant skin lesions.

This prospective observational study conducted on 240 patients with clinical diagnosis of malignant or pre-malignant skin lesions. All the patients were evaluated with dermoscopy and histopathology. Dermoscopic results were compared with histopathologic findings as the gold standard for diagnosis of skin lesions.

Of the 240 skin lesions, 69 (28.8%) were benign, 75 (31.3%) were pre malignant and 96 (40.0%) were malignant. The concordance between dermoscopic results and histopathological findings was 75.4%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of dermoscopy in diagnosis of malignant lesions were 85.42%, 70.59%, 79.27%, 80.40%, 77.42% and 79.27% respectively, p < 0.0001. These items for pre-malignant lesions were 66.67%, 70.59%, 71.43%, 65.75% and 68.54% respectively.

The sensitivity and specificity of dermoscopy in diagnosis of skin lesions were high, therefore this real-time non-invasive technique can be introduced as a routine diagnostic tool in dermatological examination and can minimize unnecessary invasive biopsy.

The first formulation of AAPMTG-43 was presented for the sources with apparent activities in 1995. in 2004, the converted formulation was used to calculate the dose of Nucleoid brachytherapy sources. Subsequently, the formulation for miniature x-ray tubes called TG-43U1 protocol was exploited along with two requirements: normalizing the air-kerma strength and the active length of miniature x-ray tubes limiting to zero. On the basis of the geological structure of miniature x-ray tubes and the capabilities of the monte carlo code, it has been required that TG-43U1 protocol for miniature x-ray tubes is evaluated using this code.

the quantities sk ، Λ ، g(r) and F (r, θ) for energies 40, 45, and 50 kilo electron volt are evaluated through simulation of hemispherical and hemispherical-conical tubes and MCNPX (2.6.0) code.

after running the monte carlo code, the numerical values of air-kerma strength, Dose rate constant, Radial dose function and anisotropy dose function are presented in the form of tables and figures.

a nice agreement is reached among the results of hemispherical miniature x-ray tubes and the applicable tubes in AXXent system along with hemispherical-conical miniature x-ray tubes and the one used in Intrabeam system with application of TG-43U1 protocol.