مجله مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی
پیاپی 52 (پاییز 1399)

The research method was analytical -explanative survey type. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all youth living in rural areas of Ardabil County in 2017 (N=85053), among which 383 persons were selected as statistical sample using Cochran formula. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.84-0.91). Result and Disscusion: in order to analyze the data, factor analysis model was used and the results of this model showed the most important factors impowerment of social consrnsus in studied region includes four components (social empowerment and territorial belonging, reinforcment of satisfication and information, confidence building and instituational capacity-building and reinforcment of economy infrastructure and pyschological empowerment) that explained variance and the cumulative variance by the five factors 58.17.

Accordingly, the aim of this study is to measure the difference between the level of satisfaction with the quality of public urban services and urban spatial distribution in the city of Ahwaz 7th area. This research is based on an applied and descriptive-analytical purpose. The field method (questionnaire) is used to measure the urban spatial distribution of the comprehensive Abu Javan district program and also to assess the citizens' satisfaction with the quality of urban services. Sample size according to the population of AHOVAZ city was 322 and in order to increase the accuracy of 350 questionnaires was calculated and distributed among 7 regions of Ahwaz. Data analysis was PROMETHEE, T Test and Kruskal-Wallis model. In the f PROMETHEE model of the region, based on the three outputs of the analysis (positive ranking, negation ranking and net output), the prioritization was completed. The areas with the highest positive and negative footprint indicate a high density of services and areas with the least positive and most unfavorable indications of the low level of their participation in urban services. The results of t-test for assessing citizens' satisfaction with the quality of urban services indicate that there are differences between the region. Finally, results of Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there is a significant difference between satisfaction level of urban services quality and urban spatial distribution in Ahwaz city.

The creation of dams changes the patterns of land use, water and other natural have a negative impact on a wide range. These changes will cause the villagers to suffer damage, social services and so on. In this research, the effects and consequences of dam construction in Khuzestan consequences on tof the study area were investigated. The method of collecting information in this research is a library-survey method and was used by interviewing and questioning (in the framework of field method). The geographic area of this study is 122 rural settlements located at Karun 3 Gotevand Olia Dam and dispersed in the cities of Izeh, Gotvand and Dehdez due to geographical dispersion. The number of samples studied in the geographical area consists of 36 villages and 234 households. The Cochran formula has been used to determine the sample size of households. Sampling method was selected according to the number of samples, stratified and random methods. Also, Swat model (SWOT) was used to analyze the data and intervention in the settlement system of the study area and to design the optimal landscape of the settlement system.The displacemente of villages and rural roads, the changing of th, displaced marginal population in the, the unwanted migration of people and the wandering In cities and creating social conflicts, high costs of peopled resettlement,jobs, destroying fertile lands and reducing agricultural production, destroying public places, utilities, cultural and religious sites, and The feeling of no Identity and psychological problems have been studied in the range studied.

Tourism planning is one of the approaches that has been effective in various dimensions of economic, social, cultural, environmental and political tourism in recent decades, and as a system, dominates the tourism spaces of a region and provides grounds for Wise management of space, human beings and activity. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to study and analyze the situation of rural areas based on the spatial planning of tourism in eastern Mazandaran province. The type of research was applied and field data was used to collect data. GIS was used to analyze the information and rank the villages using statistical methods and the WASPAS model. The statistical population of this study is 21 tourist destination villages in three groups of locals, tourists and experts. The findings of the t single-sample statistics indicate the significance level of tourism spatial planning indicators of the village in the studied area. Also, the highest ranking among locals, tourists and experts belonging to the village of al-Taepah (Abbasabad) with Qi is equal to 0.856, and in the second place, the village of Shahid-Abad with Qi is 129.9 and in the third place of the village Niall with Qi is equal to 126.0. Thai villages with Qi equal to 0.101, the village of Orab with Qi is 103.03 and Lmorsk with Qi is equal to 105.0.

Security is the most fundamental need of human being and its provision is one of the preconditions to attain better spiritual life. Shiraz due to many different factors such as cultural diversity is facing serious security problems. These problems are embedded in physical, socio-economic status of the city. In this article the impacts of environmental elements on the sense of security is studied in public space. The methodology of the research is based on descriptive-analytical approach which was accompanied by conducting a field work tom complete the questionnaires and the samples were dispatched using random method which 386 samples The model of path analysis was used to determine the influential factors on the level of satisfaction in public space and by using the applied software of EQS the direct and indirect impacts of independent variables on the depended variable were analyzed. The results of research showed that the highest impact which influenced directly on depended variable belonged to informative elements such as light, gender, accessibility to transport. In general, the impact of gender and informative elements with the score of 0.311 and 0.258 showed greater influence respectively. The variables of congestion and form with sum score of 0.02 and 0.06 had the lowest influence on sense of security respectively. Therefore the structural equitation indicated that the level of sense of place could be predicted by accessing the standard score relevant to influential environmental factors on security.

Quality of life is a concept that used to in the field of welfare of the community and promoting of it, is one of the most important goals of governments around the world. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to analyze the various dimensions of quality of life in the area of inefficient urban fabric in the 1th district of 15th Region of Tehran Municipality. The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and correlation based on the primary data. The collection of preliminary data was done in a documentary and survey manner by using a questionnaire. Collected data was processed by using SPSS and Smart PLS software. The results of the study indicate that based on the results of the T test in first district, the mean of quality of life is 2.39 in the Likert spectrum and it is at the low level. Also based on the results of PLS path modeling and multivariate regression test, respectively, physical, economic, environmental, social, services and accessibility factors, have the highest impact and index of Ineffectual urban texture has the least effect on the satisfaction from life in ineffectual urban texture in the 15th district of the municipality of Tehran. Of course with the planning to upgrade and organizing these components, it is possible to increase the level of satisfaction from life in this area.

Housing is one of the most important investments of the Iranian people, and people depending on their financial ability, try to find a suitable place to live in. Poor people are no exception and one of the results of their effort is the formation of spontaneous fabrics in cities that, although seemingly providing a place for people, are less favorable compared to planned parts. Therefore, in this study we have tried to study via descriptive-analytical method and using documentary and field study, two different fabrics included spontaneous and planed fabrics in Nasim Shahr as a city of Tehran province in terms of access to existing services as well as the relationship between occupation, durability, oldness and built up area of residential units. The urban service standards and function radius are used to study of urban services. Also The Spearman correlation coefficient is used for the study of correlation between the variables in SPSS. Studies have shown that the total score of spontaneous and planned fabrics in the field of services are respectively equal to 3/5 and 4 and in this respect there is not much advantage in this in the planned part of city. According to Spearman test there is a significant correlation between all the variables, but only the relationship between ownership with durability and oldness with built up area of residential units is at a relatively high level and the relationship between other variables is low.

Regarding the competitiveness of tourism destination in today’s world, first travel is not reliable indicator of tourism destination success. However, it is tourism destination revisit intention that defines tourism destination success. This is why that the present study aimed to investigate the effect of tourism destination brand involvement on the destination brand equity and the tourism destination revisit intention. For this purpose, Yazd City was selected as case study. The statistical population of this study consists of inbound tourists who visited Yazd in November 2016. A total of 200 tourists were selected from this population randomly. In order to collect the research data, a self-administrated questionnaire was developed. The validity of questionnaire was examined and confirmed through content validity. Also the reliability of questionnaire was examined through Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient. The coefficient was 0.928 for our questionnaire which confirms its reliability. The research data were analyzed through SPSS and Lisrel. The findings revealed that tourism destination brand involvement affects tourism destination brand awareness, tourism destination brand image, tourism destination brand loyalty, and perceived quality significantly. Another part of our findings revealed that destination brand awareness influences tourism destination brand image significantly. Also tourism destination brand image and perceived quality influence tourism destination brand loyalty significantly. Finally the findings the findings revealed that tourism destination brand awareness, tourism destination brand image, tourism destination brand loyalty, and perceived quality affect tourism destination brand involvement significantly.

The strategy of the creation and development of conversion industries Due to the continuous relationship between the agricultural sector, the main activities of the villagers on the one hand, and the existing facilities in the village, on the other hand, plays an important role in rural development.By using agricultural raw materials and creating employment, they increase income in rural areas. In this regard, the present study is aimed at investigating the role of conversion and complementary industries on the economic indicators of the marginal villages of industrial towns in Gorgan.Accordingly, 100 household caregivers from 20 villages were selected as sample size and randomly selected. The instrument of measurement in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was based on the experts' opinions and its reliability was calculated by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The findings of the research showed that the conversion and complementary industries have been affected by a moderate increase in the economic index of the marginalized villages in industrial towns.The results also indicated that the creation and expansion of conversion industries by increasing investment, creating new employment opportunities, providing job diversification, increasing rural incomes, increasing agricultural productivity, exporting agricultural products, increasing savings and rising prices Real estate land and real estate stock market growth has had a positive and significant relationship in the level of 99% confidence (P <0.01).

Employment is one of the priority components of rural life and its attention is essential due to its role in the development of these areas and the necessity of such an equitable distribution of employment opportunities in these areas. The purpose of this study was spatial analysis of employment plans in rural areas of Tarom city. The research was applied in terms of descriptive-analytic nature and its data were collected through documents. The statistical population included all rural areas of Tarom city and its sample size was 54 rural points. Also, considering the employment and activity of the projects, clusters of activity in economic groups were studied and documentary sources were used to study the relative advantage of Tarom. The results showed that most of the job creation schemes were in the livestock, industry and agriculture sectors, respectively, and the scope of the projects was proportional to the relative advantage of the rural areas under study, which are suitable for agricultural activities, industry development and tourism services. , have been. Also, most of the clusters of activity were in the agriculture sector, and although it had fewer loans and facilities than the livestock sector, it was able to achieve the clusters of activity in the first (production) and second (processing) clusters. Provided more employment than other sectors of the economy. Thus, paying attention to the clusters of activities in job creation schemes can provide more employment and job diversification for rural areas.

In the modern era, the rapid development of information and telecommunications technology, the transition from industrial city to various types of new cities have been: digital cities, knowledge-based, informational, inclusive, and at the head of them have facilitated the smart city. One of the requirements for the formation of smart cities is the change in the approaches to the management and governance of the cities, which is referred to as smart governance. According to some experts, smart cities begin with smart governance. The main objective of this study is to investigate the bases and obstacles that are involved in the realization or lack of realization of intelligent governance. In this regard, while identifying and studying the instances of intelligent governance, Nursingand analyzes the level of readiness and feasibility of existing bases in this area. The type of research is developmental-practical, and in terms of nature and method, descriptive-analytical and survey. Initial data collection was carried out using documentary and field methods . The data analysis process was performed through the network analysis or ANP analysis and the Super Desicion software. The results of this study show that the Smart governance with a score of 0.14 after the environment, mobility and smart people is in the fourth place of implementation. Among the obstacles to realizing the city, the lack of specialized staff and research centers are the most important obstacle in the realm of environment Smart is in the heart of the city.

The basis of research based on pragmatism is a mixed research method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of rural management in resilience of villagers against drought. The research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical method and nature and in order to collect information from library and field studies. The Spatial realm of this research is rural settlements in the Township of Miandoab. The Township has 73338 households and 260628 population in 1395 and The Statistical Society consisted of 176 managers and employees of agencies involved in rural affairs. Including, Deputy Minister of Rural Development, Governorate, Provinces, Electricity Office, Rural Wastewater, Water Resources Administration, Housing Foundation, Agricultural Jihad, etc. To sample from Qualitative methods (snowball and theoretical method) have been used for sampling. The reliability level of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's alpha for rural management indicators of 0.729 and for resiliency indicators of 0.651. The mixed method(Quantitative and qualitative) has been used to analyze the information. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between rural management and improvement of rural resilience. Also, the most important factors promoting the resilience of villagers to drought are the »Government policy and support« factor and the »diversification of rural economy« factor. Also, the performance of rural managers has increased in indicators of »infrastructure-physical, budget allocation and financial resources« and has led to this indicator to have the greatest impact in improving the resilience of villagers to drought.

Rural tourism is one of the most important type of tourism that has been noticed with representing attractions and motivations in utilizing spaces and rural environment characters for tourists through amelioration and promotion in “economical”, “social”, “sub-structural and ecological” characters of host region. This study aims to investigate the tourism development bases and tourism influences “social”, “economical”, “ecological”, “sub-structural” development of Kazaj village as one the tourism purpose villages of Ardabil province. The present study is In term of developmental purpose and also the descriptive-analytical method. Marriage circumstances quality, age, occupation, educational grade and financial condition are independent criteria and attitude toward research dependent elastic tourism. Gathering the information is being done through two methods of documentary and field study. Statistical population of this research is implicating the head of the families (142 persons) and in addition village tourists of the case of research (54 persons). ISDM method and exploratory factor analysis method is being used for data analysis which criteria are from interdependent type. The final result of this research is expressing; In terms of inhabitants, rural development has significance respectively on the basis of the four variables “ecological”, “economical”, “social”, “sub-structural” while in terms of tourists, it is significant, on the basis of variables "ecological", "social", "financial", "sub-structural" criteria. Also, Using the factor analysis method for inhabitants especially 6 rated factors are above 1 whereas This value was clarified 5 factors for tourists. Achieved factors include: “financial”, “Fundraising”, “Infrastructure”, ”social”, “Village Development Planning”, “Quality of Life” and “security”.

Housing is considered to be the most basic and most sensitive part in the planning of economic and social development. Housing is the smallest and smallest form of physical embodiment of human-environment interaction, and spatial crystallization is the vital function of human habitation in its core roles. The present study is an applied target type. Regarding the nature, the main approach to the present paper is descriptive-analytical and according to the research subject, field of study and the nature of the subject, quantitative methods and techniques (geographic weights regression model) have been used. Several factors affect the price of housing, one of which is the type of land use that plays a key role in determining housing prices. In area 7 of Tehran, due to the combination of user and specific features that govern the use of this area, we have been studying the effects of each usage on the price of housing, so that by identifying the effects of each type of usage on the price of housing, planning in the region level can be made. For housing and housing economy. Given that the topic of housing economics is an inclusive and interdisciplinary topic (politics, economics, management, geography, etc.), this article further discusses the impact of geographic factors (types of uses) on housing prices, which ultimately revealed that access Urban transportation, terminals and warehousing with R2 87 /, Utilization of urban services with R2 87 /, Green utilization and parks with R2 / 80, Commercial and office applications with.

Rural houses in Iran are very vulnerable because of their uncommon form and due to their weak structures and it seems that financial savings and lack of supervision over construction and structures are the determining factors. With this outlook, the present article intends to analyze the obstacles and limitations to the development of rural housing and to study the quality of rural houses in Zabol and Hamoun counties. The methodology of the present research is descriptive-analytical based on documentary sources and survey studies. The statistical population includes households living in 236 villages. The number of selected villages is determined 37 villages using Cochran and corrective formulas. Finally, using Cochran formula, 362 sample households were calculated and they were selected to complete the questionnaire and their status of housing. Data have been collected through interviews and completion of village questionnaires (with the help of members of Islamic rural councils, local experts and village administrators) and completion of household questionnaire and field observations forms. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the statistical and spatial analyses, and various software including Choice Expert, SPSS and ArcGIS are used to analyze the information. The results indicate that in 50.4% of households surveyed, there has been no control over housing construction. Also, regression analysis shows that the economic, institutional, social, and cultural components have the greatest influence on the general level of obstacles and limitations to housing development, but the effects of the physical and environmental components on the general level of obstacles and limitations are not significant.

One of the important problems in terms of sports spaces in Iran is not paying attention to locating. The aim of this paper is to investigate the place distribution of sports land uses in Ilam City and to determine proper arenas in order to present a good pattern. The method is analytical-descriptive and the research is an applied one. The data is gathered from the libraries and by the field study and also the questionnaires and GIS maps were used. The population includes the experts of urban management and physical education in all 4 districts of Ilam City that 20 of them were chosen as the sample by Convenience Sampling and were surveyed. To analyze the data, GIS and AHP softwares were used. The findings reveal that the sports spaces are improperly distributed in Ilam City. Moreover, there has been lack of attention to the important norms and standards of sports spaces’ locating in building sports facilities. Furthermore, the views of the experts in the norms of the population density are of high importance in the norms of determining the sports spaces. In this research, 11 hectares of Ilam City’s land pieces were introduced and suggested as the best places proper for building the new sports spaces based on the determined norms and standards. .

In immigration literature due to immigration more attention has been paid to its positive effects on the welfare and economy of the origin and destination of the households. This paper examines the role of remittances on the Change in the Economic Situation and the Welfare of Their Families of Miankaleh as one of the positive effects of immigration on the development of the community of origin. The research methodology is based on the purpose of the applied research and is based on descriptive method. he data collection tool was a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of the population of the villages of Miankaleh. Using the Cochrane formula 378 immigrant households were selected as samples. To analyze the data descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used. Findings show that the satisfaction of immigrant households varies from income status before and after immigration, Also he impact of migrants' transfer money on increasing the willingness of the rural community improving the level of Economic Situation and the Welfare of their families is moderate to high

Resiliency for earthquake event is an important key concept in disaster management. During recent decades urban arising growth especially in developing countries cause that these cities have been more vulnerable against natural and technological hazards. Therefore community resiliency in metropolitans is more important. Based on, this research seeks to evaluation and assessment of physical, environmental, socioeconomic insituation management resiliency in Farahzad neighborhood. A descriptive analytical method and Delphi panel conducted. In order to vulnerability evaluation of central part pertains to physical vulnerability use fourteen expert opinions with AHP approach. Results shows Farahzad physical vulnerability is high; as about 53% of constructions are located in high vulnerability level and 10% in very high vulnerability. Questionnaire analysis shows the low level of resiliency in Farahzad neighborhood. Results of regression reveal socioeconomic, insituation management and environmental indexes affected on resiliency. The results of the research show that in order to increase the resilience in Farahzad neighborhood, priority should be given to promoting physical indices.