Journal of Applied Chemical Research
Volume:15 Issue: 1, Winter 2021

In  the  current  study,  a  new  technique  was  developed  for  quantification  and  qualification  of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE) in a real sample, which was based on electrochemical sensors and  molecular  imprinted  polymer  (MIP).  The  carbon  paste  electrode  (CPE)  was  modified  and optimized by a different ratio of MIP. MIP/CPE was used as the extraction and working electrode. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method was utilized for measurement. The MIP (molecularly imprinted  polymer)  and  NIP  (non-imprinted  polymer)  were  synthesized  by  various  ratios  of functional  monomer  (methacrylic  acid)  and  cross-linker  (ethylene  glycol  dimethacrylate)  and template (pseudoephedrine hydrochloride). Some parameters such as pH, extraction time, MIP/CP ratio,  stirring  rate,  and  concentration  of  sample  were  optimized,  and  under  these  conditions,  the oxidation peak current was proportional to the pseudoephedrine hydrochloride concentration over a range of 10-500 µM with the coefficient  of determination 0.992 (R2). The limit of detection (LOD) was found about 0.274 µM and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was located about 0.825 µM. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was about 1.17%. The results indicated that the modified electrode had a specific ability in selective extraction of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride.

KAl(SO4)2.12H2O is found to efficiently and heterogeneously catalyze the one-pot three-component reaction of 2-(nitromethylene)imidazolidine, malononitrile and aldehydes under mild conditions to afford the corresponding tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine in good yields and short reaction times. Docking  study  of  some  compounds  in  the  active  site  of  α-glucosidase demonstrated  that  these compounds interacted with important active site residues with low binding energy in comparison to standard inhibitor acarbose.

Potentially harmful disinfection byproducts (DBPs), as a significant challenge in water treatment, are formed when oxidizing disinfectants react with natural organic matters (NOM). Unfortunately, an  unwanted  side  effect  is  the  formation  of  harmful by-products,  such  as  THMs  and  HAAs, following the chlorination stage. DBPs  cause a variety of diseases like cancer in humans.  In this study, the Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) method was used to reduce HAA contamination in Tehranpars  Water  Treatment  Plant.  The  EPA  Method  552/2  was  used  for  detecting  HAA compounds  by  gas  chromatography  equipped  with  an  ECD  detector.  The  AOP  method  was performed  in  a  photoreactor  equipped  with  4  UV  lamps.  The  effects  of  UV  radiation,  the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, level of pH, reaction time, number of UV lamps, and amount of CuO nanocatalyst on the oxidation reaction of HAA were investigated. The results showed that the  annual  mean  levels  of  DCAA  and  TCAA  in  Tehranpars  tap  water  were  0.0526  and  0.232, respectively. The optimum level of CuO nanocatalyst in the AOP process was 0.625 with 99.79% removal  of  DCAA  and  99.22%  removal  of  TCAA.  The  removal  percentage  increased  with increasing treatment time, hydrogen peroxide level, and the number of the UV lamp at neutral and alkaline pH.

For the first time the extract of the plant of Tilia platyphyllos was used to green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) supported on Ziziphus jujuba kernel as an environmentally benign support. Ag NPs/ Ziziphus  jujuba  kernelas  an  effective  catalyst  was  prepared  through reduction  of Ag+ions using Tilia  platyphyllos extractas  the  reducing  and capping agent  and Ag  NPs immobilization on Ziziphus jujuba kernel surface in the absence of any stabilizer or surfactant. According to FT-IR analysis, the hydroxyl groups of phenolics in Tilia platyphyllos extract as bioreductant agents are directly  responsible  for  the  reduction  of  Ag+ions  and  formation  of  Ag  NPs. The  as-prepared catalyst  was  characterized  by  Fourier  transform  infrared  (FT-IR)  and  UV-Vis  spectroscopy,  field emission  scanning  electron  microscopy  (FESEM)  equipped  with  an  energy  dispersive X-ray spectroscopy  (EDS),  Elemental  mapping,  X-ray  diffraction  analysis  (XRD) and  transmittance electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesized catalyst was used in the reduction of Congo Red (CR), and Methyl Orange (MO) at room temperature.The Ag NPs/Ziziphus jujuba kernel showed excellent catalytic  activity  in  the  reduction  of  these  organic  dyes.  In  addition, it  was  found  that  Ag NPs/Ziziphus  jujuba  kernelcan  be  recovered  and  reused several  times  without  significant  loss  of catalytic activity.

In this study, a simple and fast magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction methodology was developed G@Fe3O4/Fe/Ag nanoparticles for preconcentration and determine of phenolic compounds in water samples. The sorbent was characterized by assorted characterization method. The effects of diverse factor on the extraction process were studied thoroughly via design of experiment and desirability function. This work was showed the G@Fe3O4/Fe/Ag NPs was the best sorbent between Graphene, G@Fe3O4/Fe and Fe3O4, 0.01M HNO3in acetonitrile was the most efficiency between eluent types, the best salt content which was 7.5% w/v.

Ursolic acid (UA) is a major bioactive component in many traditional medicinal plants including pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) flower. In vitro and in vivo studies have both revealed that UA has  many  important  biological  functions.In  this  study,  a  rapid  and  efficient  procedure  for preparation of UA from an Iranian pomegranate flower cultivar using ultrasound-assisted extraction followed  by  normal-phase  flash  chromatography  (NP-FC)  was  developed.  After  one  flash chromatography run, the purity of UA reached more than 97% with a total yield of 0.1% of dried pomegranate flower powder. The chemical structure of isolated UA was identified by IR, MS and NMR spectra.  This  is  the  first  report  on  isolation  of  UA  from  pomegranate  flowers.  The  NP-FC method was shown to be a good method for the purification of UA from pomegranate flowers, and it can be an excellent basis for large-scale preparation of UA from pomegranate flowers or other plant extracts.