Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research
Volume:3 Issue: 1, Winter 2018

Aims:

 Various evidences have shown the effect of ovarian hormones on locomotor activities and catalepsy induced by a variety of stimuli. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of estrogen and progesterone on catalepsy and motor and balance impairment classified as haloperidol-induced extrapyramidal disorders.

Materials and Methods:

 The current experimental study was performed on 96 female Wistar rats (180-200g). These rats were randomly divided into 16 groups (n=6). Prior to administration of haloperidol, the rats were pretreated with flutamide (10mg/kg, i.p.), estrogen (1mg/kg 17 β-estradiol, s.c.), and/or progesterone (1mg/kg, i.p.) for 1 day or 7 consecutive days. The effects of estrogen and progesterone on haloperidol-induced catalepsy and motor impairment were assessed by a bar test and a rotarod performance test, respectively. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using ANCOVA and Tukey test.

Findings:

 One to 7-day treatment with estrogen had a protective effect on haloperidol-induced extrapyramidal disorders such that it significantly improved catalepsy and motor impairment in the rats and restored and normalized their motor levels. However, the progesterone administration did not represent significant effects in improving extrapyramidal symptoms and a slight improvement was achieved. The co-administration of flutamide significantly reduced the protective effect of estrogen on catalepsy and motor balance impairment induced by haloperidol.

Conclusion:

 The deficiency of ovarian hormones increases catalepsy; however, this disorder is more likely to occur due to estrogen insufficiency. Hence, progesterone plays a little role in it. Moreover, the anti-cataleptic effect of ovarian hormones is exerted through affecting androgenic receptors.

Aims:

 The skin suture is one of the inseparable sections of all surgeries; therefore, using noninvasive methods could be very applicable. The skin stapler is one of the methods which is commonly used for skin and is fast. This is while it is risky and may lead to an infection and undesirable cosmetic results. The current study aimed to analyze the noninvasive Zipline™ suture and to compare it with the stapler.

Materials and Methods :

This experimental study was conducted at the University of Isfahan and 15 operating room technicians who experienced all three methods of suturing were questioned. The noninvasive Zipline™ suture was structurally analyzed and tested for the power of skin protection and flexibility by tensioning. An artificial skin was tested and tensioned 1cm from each side and the space of the incision between the edges was measured.

Findings :

The Zipline™ suture had a low incision edge space, a good cosmetic outcome, low pain, and low risks of developing an infection considering the viewpoints of those who voted. The structure of Zipline™ which was zigzag led to a high rate of flexibility from one side and created more strength from another side.

Conclusion:

 A high strength rate and installation speed of this noninvasive suture (Zipline™) which can be used in many operations and substitute for invasive sutures. It should be considered that the Zipline™ suture can only be used for the skin and the suture of dermal tissue should be tightly done before using in surgeries.

Aims:

 Supporting evidences have been proposed that tumor initiating cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs) are principally sharing into tumor progress and relapse. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), a stem cell marker, has currently been implicated in multiple human malignancies including ovarian carcinomas. The aims of this study were to assess immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of ALDH1A1 in ovarian epithelial tumors, tracking stem cells during ovarian cancer development and its relation with the clinicopathological features of such tumors.

Materials and Methods:

 In this experimental study, 42 paraffin blocks of ovarian tumor cases were retrieved retrospectively from the department of pathology, faculty of medicine, Cairo University during January 2013 to January 2015. Ovarian tumor paraffin blocks included 14 benign cystadenomas 14 border line tumors and 14 carcinomas. IHC reactions were carried out by using ALDH1A1 monoclonal antibody. Cases were classified into two groups of low and high ALDH1A1 expression. The chi-squared test (χ2) was used and data analyzes by SPSS 22 software.

Findings:

 High ALDH1A1 expression was reported in 50.0% of benign cystadenomas, 50.0% of borderline tumors and 85.7% of ovarian carcinomas with significant positive association with ovarian carcinomas (p=0.025). In ovarian carcinomas, positive relationship was detected between high ALDHA1 expression and advancing tumor grades but it didn’t reach statistical significance (p=0.054), no any significant relations were detected between ALDH1A1 immunohistochemical expression and age of patients, the documented size, laterality, histologic types and FIGO stage in all tumors (p>0.05).

Conclusion:

 ALDH1A1 is a potential biomarker for detecting CSCs in ovarian carcinomas and a prognostic marker. Also, it may act as a target for future therapy.

Aims :

Tumor markers are very applicable for examining differential diagnoses of adenosine masses. Increases in CA 19-9 have been reported in epithelial ovarian and endometrial tumors. Dermoid cysts are the most prevalent ovarian germ cell tumors. The aim of the present study was to examine Cancer Antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) tumor marker in ovarian dermoid cysts.

Information and Methods :

This descriptive-analytic study was conducted using hospital records. By referring to archives of a Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahwaz, Iran in 2016, the information of 73 patients with ovarian dermoid cysts were extracted that include their demographic information, cyst size, the location of involvement, the presence of symptoms of malignancy in sonography reports, and CA 19-9 serum levels prior to surgery. A pathologic report was used for the final mass diagnosis and determining the type of mass extracted from the patients’ bodies. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using independent-sample t-test, chi-square test and Pearson correlation coefficient.

Findings :

All patients under study were diagnosed with dermoid cysts. In 9 patients (12.85%), symptoms of malignancy were reported in their sonography reports. The mean serum levels of CA 19-9 tumor marker was 46.13±11.65U/ml. There was a direct correlation between mass size and CA 19-9 serum concentrations (r=0.24). In 20% of the patients, the concentrations of CA 19-9 were normal.

Conclusion :

The CA 19-9 serum concentration is related to tumor size in cases of mature cystic teratoma. In most cases of unilateral mature cystic teratomas, the right ovary is mainly preferred to involve.

Aims :

Morbidly adherent placenta/Placenta accreta syndrome refers to morbid implantation, invasion, and/or adhesion of a placenta, whose incidence rate has increased due to the growing trend of cesarean section. Diagnosing placenta accreta before delivery plays a crucial role in reducing morbidity and mortality of the mother and fetus. This study aimed at evaluating the diagnostic value of the Doppler ultrasonography in diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta.

Instruments and Methods:

 In this descriptive-analytical study, 150 singleton pregnant women with gestational age of ≥24 weeks with a history of uterine incision (C/S, myomectomy, or metroplasty), underwent a Doppler ultrasonography to detect the position of placenta and evidence for adherent placenta. The data were analyzed by SPPS 21 software.

Findings:

 Twelve patients underwent the cesarean-hysterectomy during their cesarean sections due to severe bleeding and morbidly adherent placenta. In terms of pathologic findings, placenta accreta, placenta increta, and placenta percreta were reported in 7 cases, 3 cases, and 1 case, respectively. The Doppler ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 91.67%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 99.28% in the diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta.

Conclusion :

The thinning or absence of the retroplacental myometrial thickness and the large retroplacental lacunae are the most powerful ultrasonographic markers in the diagnosis of the placenta accreta such that the negativity of these markers can be interpreted as the absence of placenta accreta and the positivity of them can be interpreted as the presence of the placenta accreta.

Aims :

Labor is a painful process. Managing and controlling labor pain is an essential aspect of midwifery services and is the main goal of childbirth care. One of the methods used in traditional medicine to relieve labor pain is aromatherapy. This systematic review and metaanalysis study was an update conducted with the aim of critically evaluating and summarizing all available evidence obtained from randomized clinical trials on the effect of aromatherapy with lavender on labor pain relief.

Information and Methods:

 In this systematic review, searching a number of foreign databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Scopus, from the start date of these databases to December 2017 was independently conducted by two researchers, using symbols, i.e. Lavender* OR Lavandula* OR silexan AND labor OR labour OR birth OR childbirth. Comprehensive Metaanalysis (CMA) software version 2 was used for statistical analysis.

Findings:

 Based on the search strategy, 244 primary studies were found. Finally, 5 studies including 541 participants were examined in this systematic review. Three studies were subjected to meta-analysis. In general, the quality of clinical trials was moderate and combinatory. Aromatherapy with lavender reduced labor pain in the active phase. The mean difference of labor pain in the aromatherapy groups with lavender and control groups was 1.05 (0.552-1.548; p=0.000036).

Conclusion:

 Using aromatherapy with lavender among pregnant women reduces the labor pain. The availability of information obtained from this study can be useful for gynecologists, midwives, and nurses working in labor and delivery units.

Introduction:

 Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women globally. The laparoscopic approach from endometrial cancer is suggested in the medical literature. The aim of the present review is to clarify clinical points of laparoscopic operation in endometrial cancer. A search using keywords included endometrial carcinoma, and treatment and laparoscopy were conducted on PubMed, Up-To-Date, Ovid and Clinical Key databases up to 2016.

Conclusion :

This present review research showed over 1600 full-text manuscripts, of which, 18 were relevant to this article. The laparoscopic approach to endometrial cancer is categorized as follows: 1) Comparison of complications and advantages of laparoscopy and laparotomy in endometrial cancer; 2) Hospitalization days; 3) Blood transfusion and blood loss; 4) Comparison of the operation time of laparoscopy versus laparotomy; 5) Conversion of laparoscopy to laparotomy; 6) Comparison of endometrial cancer lymphadenectomy in laparoscopy with laparotomy; 7) Laparoscopy of endometrial cancer in old age; 8) Surgical experience and learning curve; 9) Technical points in laparoscopic endometrial cancer surgery; 10) Comparison of endometrial cancer survival in laparoscopy and laparotomy methods; 11) Cost issues.

Introduction :

Bartholin gland primary cancer occurs scarcely. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the Bartholin gland is one of the rarest types of primary adenocarcinoma. Treatment delayed can lead to high rate of local recurrence and distant metastasis. The aim of this experimental case study was to discuss a woman with misdiagnosed and mistreated ACC-BG, as a benign situation.

Patient Information:

 In this experimental case study, a 54-year-old woman referred to Joint Committee in Gynecology Oncology Department of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran on Aug 2016 with a large mass within her vaginal distal wall. This woman was undertaken marsupialization for Bartholin cyst. Because of the bizarre manifestation of intervention, the biopsy was performed and revealed as adenoid cystic carcinoma of the Bartholin gland. Therefore, wide local excision and ipsilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy were considered. Adjuvant irradiation was planned. nificant difference in glucose levels in the first and second fingertip blood drops (p=0.257), while there was a significant difference between glucose levels in the first and second fingertip blood drops with standard venous sample (p<0.05). There was also a significant correlation between 2 drops in expression of glucometry results.

Conclusion:

 Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the Bartholin gland is very rare, but despite its low prevalence, it should be considered especially in the older patient or when the Bartholin cyst is unusually large and sticking to the surrounding tissue to prevent delays in diagnosis and treatment