فصلنامه روان شناسی و دین
سال سیزدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 51، پاییز 1399)

The purpose of this study is to design questionnaire about the perfect Man questionnaire based on the perfect man model as in Islamic sources. A descriptive and a survey method are used in this research. To assess the content validity of this questionnaire, the content validity index (CVI) was used to investigate the components and sub-components and the content validity ratio (CVR) were used to investigate the observation which conform with the opinions of the experts on religion and psychology. The research result of construct validity based on factor analysis with EQ of more than 0.3 reveals that there are 6 factors with factor loading above 0.3 which totally explain 35.425% of the variance of the whole questionnaire. These factors are included: reliance on God, contentment, belief in God, self-control, Sociability and courage. When the questionnaire validity was tested, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.859 and 0.856 in the experimental stage and final stage, the alpha coefficient of the five factors are higher than 0.642 in all and the correlation coefficient between the two halves of the questionnaires was 0.58. This questionnaire can be used to identify man's positive and transcendent characteristics and research in the field of positive psychology perfect education institutions for achieving self-knowledge self-identification and the underlining extent of closeness to perfection.

The purpose of this study is to design a questionnaire on negligence according to Islamic sources. A content analysis method and survey method were used in this study in which group of 240 research students from of Imam Khomeini Institute and members from base for Isar women in Zanjan were randomlysampled. In order to assess the contentvalidity,the components and items with CVR index above 0.49 and CVI index above 0.79 were confirmed. The validity of the criterion calculated by the correlation coefficient of the present questionnaire and equivalence scale is 0.635 and it is significant at the level of 0.01. The results of study of construct validity in which a factor analysis method used reveal that there are7 factors that account for 51.648% of the total variance. The factors are: limited understanding, negligence, carelessness about and disregard of true values, unfulfilled wishes, forgetting of the standards, giving no attention to others, and inattention to the good pleasure of G. The validity of the questionnaire has an alpha coefficient of 0.850 and the correlation between the two halves of the scale is 0.659.

The aim of this study is to explore how spiritual group therapy based on Islamic approach can affect the patience and anxiety of the students who suffer from generalized anxiety disorder. The research project is a quasi-experimental survey conducted on pretest-posttest basis with a control group. Through screening, 34 students with generalized anxiety disorder from Lorestan University were chosen for the survey and were randomly divided into two groups, experimental and control, with 17 people. The experimental group received an eight session spiritual group therapy based on Islamic approach. A questionnaire on generalized anxiety disorder and patience scale were used to collect data and Data were analyzed using analysis of co-variance was used to analyze the data. The results show that the difference between the mean score of anxiety and components of patience in the post-test stage in the experimental group and control groups and the pre-test variable control is significant. The results suggested that spiritual group therapy based on Islamic approach can be used to reduce anxiety symptoms and enable people to show more patience with the clinical syndrome of generalized anxiety disorder.

The aim of this study is validate the test on religious orientation of high school students according to Islam, using a descriptive-exploratory method. The statistical population consists of students aged 5to 20 at Qom high schools selected by multistage cluster sampling. The instruments of this study are a test on religious orientation test and a test on Islamic lifestyle. Exploratory factor analysis as well as principal component analysis and MANOVA (Multivariate analysis of variance) were used for analyzing thedata. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the test is 0.91. Unlike the original two-factor version given to the adults, the sample of the adolescents has 4 factors. These factors account for 34% of the variance in adolescent religious orientation. In the factor analysis, 14 inappropriate questions were deleted. The validity of religious orientation test concurring with Islamic lifestyle test accounting for (0.70) is obtained through Pearson correlation coefficient. Due to the factor validity convergent validity and great validity of the test on religious orientation of adolescents, the researchers are recommended to use this test when making research studies about adolescent.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Islamic lifestyle and marital satisfaction by the mediation of self-control. The research method is correlation, making path analysis and using AMOS20 software. 214 married employees (94 males and 120 females) from Tehran Consumer and Producer Support Organization who were chosen according to cluster random sampling answered three questionnaires about: 1- spouse satisfaction, 2-Islamic self-control and 3- couple’s lifestyle according to Islamic approach. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between Islamic lifestyle and marital satisfaction (P <0.01), so that Islamic lifestyle has a direct and significant effect on marital satisfaction (P <0.05). Therefore, those who lead an Islamic lifestyle experience a high level of marital satisfaction. Thus, the Islamic lifestyle through the mediation of self-control has an indirect effect on marital satisfaction, and the two variables of self-control and Islamic lifestyle account for marital satisfaction. Also, the analysis of model fit indices show that the causal model of marital satisfaction based on Islamic lifestyle becomes reasonably valid through the mediation of self-control.

The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy and resilience in the relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-control. The statistical population of this study is students living in Qom. For this purpose, 174 students (70 boys and 104 girls) were randomly selected through one-stage cluster sampling and they completed questionnaire on self-control, spiritual intelligence, self-efficacy and resiliency. The study findings show that the relationship of self-control with spiritual intelligence accounting for (0.599), with self-efficacy accounting for (0.643) and with resilience accounting for (0.552) is significant (P <0.001), and each of self- efficacy and resilience renders secondary the mediating role of the relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-control. When resiliency and self-efficacy are simultaneously incorporated into the modal of path analysis, only self-efficacy renders secondary the mediating role of the relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-control.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of spiritual well-being and sense of humor with the psychological well-being and resilience of the undergraduate students at Bojnourd University. This study is a correlational type of research and the sample includes 337 students who are randomly selected by stratified sampling according to the compatibility of the size and gender of the students in all 4 faculties with the related group. A questionnaire on spiritual well-being by Paulotzin and Ellison, a questionnaire on sense of humor SHQ humor, Conner and David Sun's questionnaire resilience, and Reef's psychological well-being were used for collecting the data. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression tests and SPSS software version 23 were used for analyzing the data. The results show that spiritual well-being and sense of humor affect resilience and psychological well-being at 99% confidence level and all the research hypotheses concerning the relationship of resilience and psychological well-being with humor and spiritual well-being a confirmed.