فصلنامه پژوهش های جغرافیایی برنامه ریزی شهری
سال هشتم شماره 3 (پاییز 1399)

The diversity of environmental and individual properties provides different grounds for place perceptual feature conditions. As the result of various environmental qualities and quantities, place perceptual feature has not been investigated in different studies integrated and related to other fundamental qualities yet and the complicated causal relations among qualities of place perceptual feature have not been still specified. Due to this, the question of the current study is to what extent the public place perceptual feature is explained by other qualities and how its norms can be promoted. The methodology is fundamental in terms of goal and its approach is based on mixed method (quantitative-qualitative). To collect data, the method of interviewing specialists has been used and data analysis has been conducted using Smart-PLS software. The obtained results show that a noticeable percentage of public place perceptual feature (94.3%) can be explained and estimated by spatial, morphological, social and functional qualities. In addition to direct effectiveness, the space and morphology affect the conditions of public place perceptual feature indirectly through their effectiveness on other qualities. Having a direct impact factor of 0.401, 0.311 and indirect effectiveness of 0.184, 0.612, space, and morphology are of the effective important factors in this field. Therefore, in the process of making the place, the priority of planning and designing different dimensions of the place is necessary to be the rate of their effectiveness, and additionally their interaction and indirect relations shall be also noticed to increase the responsiveness of place perceptual qualities.

This article has identified development Catalyst projects and processes in the district 12 of Tehran neighborhoods. The research method was descriptive-analytical and the statistical population was 50 scientific and executive experts. The whole community has been selected as the sample volume. The data were prepared by documentary method and processed using SWOT methods, regression coefficients, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings depicted that neighborhoods have generally been short of service and physical, economical, and environmental issues. The results of the SWOT analysis also indicate an increase in the average weakness and lack of opportunities. The first priority is to take steps to motivate investment and the participation of developers (mainstreaming), which reconstruction of dilapidated buildings, development of urban context, convenience of passages, and creation of green space are among its dominant projects. Empowering the local community (institutionalization) is another priority of development that must be achieved through employment-generating, entrepreneur, and economic reconstruction projects. Within the framework of development incentives, the process of land recycling, redevelopment, and user change should be applied to provide active spaces and at the same time harmonious distribution of services and opportunities. The neighborhoods of Arg, Bazaar and Pamenar, Kowsar, Qayam, Imamzadeh Yahya, and Takhti are among the priorities of this action.

The green spaces and urban parks play a critical role to improve the quality of life of citizens. Urban parks are important welfare facilities that provide good conditions for the leisure of citizens and play an important role in maintaining the physical and mental health. However, in most large and small cities, the distribution of parks in the city is accompanied by spatial disparity, and citizens in different districts do not have the same level of accessibility to parks. In order to meet the principles of the justice-based city and spatial justice in the distribution of public services, it is necessary to evaluate the accessibility to parks in different locations and pay more attention to the places with low accessibility levels. This study evaluates the accessibility to urban parks in the district 11 of Tehran using a set of spatial indices and GIS-based analytical tools. Indicators used in this study are Covering, Minimum distance, Average distance, Proximity, Two step floating catchment area and Gravity-based two step floating catchment area. The results of different methods indicate that the level of accessibility to small and medium parks in the study area are below the average level and similar to each other. The slight differences in the results are related to the differences in the assumptions and logics of methods. There were also differences on the level of accessibility to the large parks, which clearly revealed the limitations of Coverage, 2SFCA and GB2SFCA )with inappropriate distance decay coefficient( methods.

Planners' extravagance in the use of the urban spaces, merely to meet the needs such as housing and the basic needs has sometimes transformed cities into lifeless spaces.The urban space in this sense does not have the necessary vitality and has made the city dwellers depressed, so the planners have tried to create the vitality and happiness at least in some parts of the cities. In addition to the spatial aspect, they have also considered the time aspect of the creation of the lively urban spaces including the emphasis on the creation and development of the urban lively night spaces.The city of Rasht as the largest city in the north of Iran, a nationally known city as a tourism hub, and also due to the cultural characteristics of the people, can have an appropriate position in this direction.Accordingly the purpose of this study was to identify the urban night lively spaces of Rasht and then studying their characteristics. It was a descriptive-analytical research and the level of analysis was the five districts of the city of Rasht. Documentation and field data collection method were used. To analyze the data, the mean ANOVA test, the multi-distance spatial cluster analysis and the standard deviational ellipse were used. The results show that the Rasht city has a relatively unfavorable condition in terms of lively nightlife, Also there is a significant difference in socio-economic dimension in 5 regions of Rasht. In addition, the lively nightlife in this city is closer to the cluster distribution.

Ardabil Saheli Park can be evaluated and analyzed as components of urban art. This research seeks to answer two questions. The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the quality of the impact of urban art components on promoting the popularity of Ardabil Saheli Park. The results of data analysis and supplementary questionnaires by space users show that factor loadings index (0.72) in physical factor criterion construct, factor leading index (0.72) in factor structure benchmark, factor loadings (0.54) in semantic factor constructs, and creative ideas and factor loadings in urban furniture (0.66) in environmental factor criterion had the greatest impact on park attendance. The results also show that the coefficient and severity of correlation between physical and social factors with factor loadings (0.98) is higher than other criteria in Ardebil Saheli Park.Also, in order to rank the research variables, Friedman test was used, the results of which show the inequality of mean rank of the components of urban art in the study area.

it is important to evaluate and evaluate the quality of urban pavements from the perspective of users. The purpose of study is read the landscape of Bou Ali Street of Hamedan after turning it into a pedestrian street from the perspective of citizens. Indicators and criteria related to the degree of attachment to the place include: the activity-social component, the aesthetic component and the identity-semantic component. Through Cochran formula, 360 statistical samples are considered according to the statistical population. T-test, factor analysis and factor analysis were used to examine the significance level of the three components and their criteria. Comparative tests and correlation coefficients were also used to examine the relationship between components of the research variables. The research results show that urban pedestrian landscape reading priorities from the viewpoint of citizens on Bou Ali street after turning it into urban pedestrian, indicate a direct relationship between activity, social and aesthetic factors, and identity-semantic factors in low priorities. Terry is located. Organizing various religious ceremonies and ceremonies as well as the presence of different classes in the field of socio-economic component. On the one hand, the spatial diversity of environmental elements, as well as the role of texture and type of materials in the field of aesthetic component, as well as the familiar elements and walls of events in space in the identity-semantic component have the highest priority over other criteria in landscape quality reflection. The pedestrian road in the city of Hamedan is from the citizens' point of view.

ecurity is one of the basic human needs. Meanwhile, the feeling of security in public spaces makes the space lively and dynamic and leads to the active presence of citizens. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the characteristics and factors of urban green space factors and its effect on citizens' sense of security. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of physical structure of police park on the feeling of social security in urban green spaces of Tehran. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population in the study is all users of the police park. The sample size of 200 people who used the space of this park in the spring and summer of 1398 was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results of this study show that in the police park, the physical indicators in the police park are undesirable and the level of security of the citizens is low. There is also a significant statistical relationship between physical structure and sense of security. Physical (physical) variables, activity variables, and visual visual personality traits have a direct effect on the sense of social security. The activity variable with a factor of 0.156 - = B has a direct reduced effect. Environmental security, urban green spaces, police park, Tehran Environmental security, urban urban

The use of appropriate methods and up-to-date satellite images in various studies, especially urban studies, can play a major role in the production of urban maps. One of these important data is the map of urban lands that can be extracted using various methods. The aim of this paper is to extract urban lands of a number of Iranian cities using Sentinel 1 SAR satellite images and Sentinel 2 based on Google Earth Engine GEE. For this purpose, Sentinel 1 SAR and Optical Sentinel 2 images were selected as time series from 2017.01.01 to 2020.01.01 for 20 cities in Iran. time series Images entered to the Google Earth engine environment, and then the mean and standard deviation of radar images were prepared and by applying the threshold, potential urban lands were extracted. NDVImax, NDWImean and slope and mountainous areas were also extracted using Sentinel 2 images and DEM, and mask images were created by applying thresholds. Finally, by applying these images to the map of potential urban lands, the target urban land map was created and by applying a 3 * 3 filter to remove individual and false pixels, the final map of urban lands was extracted. The results show that the average Kappa coefficient for 20 cities is 86.16%. Also, cities in arid and semi-arid regions are less accurate. The results of this study show that the GEE system is able to process large amounts of data in a very short time with high accuracy.

The interest in the situational approach have increased in social sciences and urban planning since 1970s to explain people’s environmental safety perception and criminal behaviour. Space syntax theory as one of the main theories within the field of the situational approach is based on the assumption that high level of accessibility makes an urban space safer from crime. According to space syntax theory, strangers’ direct interface with inhabitants results in creating a safe neighbourhood. The present article aims to investigate the way in which spatial configuration of the historical area of Yazd city influences residents’ environmental safety perception living in the area to test the assumption of the theory of space syntax. To achieve its goal, the article has taken three main steps respectively as follow: First, residents’ safety perception was evaluated by closed questionnaire and statistical tests. In the next step, the spatial configuration of the area was analyzed by space syntax theory. Finally, the role of spatial configuration in the environmental safety perception was analyzed by geographically weighted regression and multivariate regression. According to geographically weighted regression, the spatial configuration of the historical area of Yazd city explains 36% of variance in environmental safety perception in the area. In addition, multivariate regression explains 51% variance of the dependent variable. Our findings confirm the assumption of the theory of space syntax according to which safe urban spaces are the production of accessibility, integration and publicization of space.

In recent years, land use changes in different cities of Iran have caused problems such as rising earth temperatures, environmental pollution, declining agricultural lands, and so on. The increasing population of urban dwellers in Lahijan in recent decades has caused land use changes, and assessment of these changes in recent decades and predicting future changes is a necessity of the present study. By using remote sensing technology, the extent of land use changes can be examined. In this study, satellite images of Lahijan city from USGS site by using Landsat 5-TM satellite in May 1999, 2008 and Landsat 8-OLI satellite in May 2018, at intervals of about 10 years, have been prepared. Classification of satellite images has been done by using clustering method in GIS software. Then, the raster images are converted to vector images to calculate the cluster’s area. Finally, the forecast for land use changes in 2028 was done using the Markov chain model in TerrSet software. The comparison of the area of land cover and built environment areas in Markov's forecast for 2028 shows a significant increase in built environment compared to natural environment with land cover. The forecast shows that the area of built environment in Lahijan in 2028 is 1329 hectares and the area of land cover is 87 hectares.