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Research in Applied Linguistics - Volume:11 Issue: 2, Summer-Autumn 2020

Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics
Volume:11 Issue: 2, Summer-Autumn 2020

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1399/11/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 60
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  • Saule D. Abisheva, Dina A. Sabirova, Samal K. Serikova, Gulnur Zh. Baishukurova, Zinaida N. Polyak Pages 1-10
    The Requiem in D minor, K. 626, by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), is a requiem mass. In late 1791, Mozart wrote part of the Requiem in Vienna, but it remained unfinished at the time of his death on 5 December of the same year. Franz Xaver Süssmayr delivered a completed version dated 1792 to Count Franz von Walsegg, who commissioned the piece for a requiem service to commemorate the anniversary of the death of his wife on 14 February. A cinematic interpretation of two “Requiems” was continued by brothers D. and A. Medetbaevs. Their 35-minute documentary film is dedicated to the intersection of Kazakh poet and Austrian composer. In the interview, filmmakers shared their thoughts: “The main idea of the film is the tragic fate of a genius and a talented Kazakh poet. They lived in different epochs, in different countries and different continents, but one thing united them – the desire to live, to love and to create.
    Keywords: Requiem, Poem, Analogue, Motive, Cinematic Interpretation
  • Aigul Ismakova *, Gulzyia Pirali, Bibizhan Begmanova, Bekzada Kozhekeyeva, Aisulu Oisylbai Pages 11-19
    In this article, it was tried to describe the role of reading classical literature in the spiritual space of modern man. The features of the state of reading in the conditions of social changes are analyzed; the main functions of fiction contributing to the formation of the worldview of the individual are highlighted. This article analyzes the features of the state of reading in the conditions of social changes in Kazakhstan. Using structurally functional and valuable approaches to research of the designated problem, the author represents reading as one of the highlights in the difficult process of socialization. The purpose of research consists in the judgment of the role of classical literature reading in the spiritual space of a person. To achieve this goal, we analyzed the features of the current state of reading, including overseas ones. Besides, we highlighted the basic functions of classical literature promoting the formation of personal outlook: cognitive, educational, communicative, esthetic, creative.
    Keywords: Worldview, Classical Literature, Socialization, personality, Functions of Classical Literature
  • Dina A. Sabirova, Saule D. Abisheva, Zinaida N. Polyak, Dina M. Polyak, Karligash B. Kubdasheva Pages 20-29
    Kazakh literature is spreading from Kazakhstan's present territory, including the age of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, the territory acknowledged by Kazakhstan under the Russian Empire, and the Kazakh Khanate. Throughout the history and literature written by ethnic Kazakhs, there is some overlap with other complementary themes, including the literature of Turkic tribes that populated Kazakhstan. In the modern literature of Kazakhstan, the family theme has a compound development. It aims to reflect all the pressing problems associated with the institution of the family. Discord in the family, betrayal as unfaithfulness, the negative impact on children of conflicts between adults – all these problems of the modern family are reflected in the literature. Especially in the women's novel, the trend of mastering such a phenomenon of our society as polygamy is becoming more and more popular. The problems of relations between tokal (the second wife) and baibishe (the first wife), the reasons for men's infidelity and their frequent desire to create a second family are the subject of artistic interpretation in modern Kazakh prose.
    Keywords: Women’s Prose, Transformation, Genre, Poetics, Modern Literature
  • Shaizada Tokhtabayeva*, Aigerim Zhumabayeva, Svetlana Sarkulova, Bolatbek Batyrkhan, Altyn Ualtayeva Pages 30-38

    To describe gemstones, jewelry components, and scientific properties, jewelry has its own vocabulary. The object of the current study is samples of folk jewellery in the spatio-temporal scale. The subject of the research is artistic-figurative-semantic ideas embodied in jewellery. The problem of the study is establishing the similarities of the main categories and types of jewellery in macro-time and macro-space on the basis of comparative research. The purpose of the work is to reveal the etiology of the revealed community of global jewellery. The results of the study showed that the revealed similarities of the indicated jewellery are determined by the identity of figurative and symbolic ideas that arose from ancient times, as a result of the collective unconscious. The similarities of the studied objects are also determined by the commonality of associations, the lepton basis of human thinking.

    Keywords: Jewellery, Comparative Studies, Spatio-Temporal Context, Ethnography, Patterns of The Collective Unconscious
  • Klara Turebayeva *, Salima Seitenova, Meiramgul Yessengulova, Aigulden Togaibayeva, Shynar Turebayeva Pages 39-48

    The main target of this paper is the theoretical justification and experimental testing of the education of multiculturalism among future teachers in the learning process. The main research method was the pedagogical experiment and the development of a structurally meaningful model for the education of multiculturalism of future teachers through the introduction of an elective course, on the basis of which an education program of multiculturalism was developed. In the framework of the proposed program, an elective course “Education of Multiculturalism of Students”, training for practical classes, case studies, projects that can be used in the preparation of future teachers in the university system have been developed. In the course of testing the proposed model, it was revealed that the integrated implementation of the proposed methods, forms and means of training and education could also be a way to solve the problem of education of multiculturalism of future teachers in the learning process.

    Keywords: Multiculturalism, culture, tolerance, Multicultural Competence, Multicultural Environment
  • Arina Rafailyevna Shevchenko *, Vera Borisovna Shamina, Elena Mikhailovna Apenko Pages 49-55
    The paper focuses on Anna Karenina, the famous masterpiece by Leo Tolstoy, and its latest screen versions. The fruitful collaboration, accomplished by two remarkable figures of contemporary British culture – the director Joe Wright and the playwright Tom Stoppard as a scriptwriter – was released in 2012. Since screen adaptation of classics, as well as any kind of remake, is undoubtedly challenging but nevertheless intriguing for both creators and viewers, it seems to be an exciting topic for research. The situation when a piece of great literature is transposed into a different medium, such as a film, commonly gives rise to fierce debates, which, in turn, becomes thought-provoking. What is more, the fact of making the film by the British crew basing on the Russian literary chef-d'oeuvre allows assuming the dialogue of cultures is implied in the considered work of cinematographic art. Thus, these aspects of Tolstoy's Anna Karenina and its interpretation and reception are highlighted in the study undertaken. Furthermore, the study intends to analyse and investigate this masterpiece's literary and morphological aspects from a unique perspective.
    Keywords: British Cinematography, Joe Wright, Leo Tolstoy, Reception, Russian Classics
  • Liliia Gumarovna Gazizova *, Liliya Gaffarovna Dunyasheva, Jose Joaquin Olivares Burgos Pages 56-63
    International language research in advertising emphasizes the importance of product-language matching. Advertisements with a match are more efficient; however, their effectiveness has not been compared with that of advertisements in the native language of consumers, which are not limited to matched goods but are used for a variety of products. The study intends to provide a summary of the speech techniques utilized to effectuate the communicative strategy of attracting attention in advertising discourse. The study material comprises 200 Spanish and 200 Russian advertising texts. The linguo-pragmatic investigation of the selected books revealed that for the purpose of implementing the communicative strategy of attracting attention, the advertising discourse of Spain and Russia employs speech procedures at different levels of the language. A comparative analysis of speech techniques demonstrates both the difference in the language structure and the distinction of the analyzed linguistic cultures. Eventually, it can be concluded that the particular measure for drawing attention, both in Spanish and in Russian texts, is to make use of foreign borrowings.
    Keywords: Advertising Discourse, Attracting Attention, Communicative Strategy, Linguistic Culture, Media Discourse, Russian
  • Аlsu Khalilovna Аshrаpovа, Elena Vladimirovna Litvinenko*, Nury Estefania Belduma, Udmila Olegovna Svirina Pages 64-71

    This article investigates the issues of teaching a foreign language in a bilingual environment. To be specific, we explore the role of translation in second language acquisition. The article focuses on the instruction, prerequisites, and didactic perspectives of using the mother tongue in developing bilingualism, particularly at the initial stage of the development of the communicative skills. Despite different approaches to using the mother tongue that exist in foreign language teaching, translation remains an unavoidable phenomenon in language acquisition. The article explores the problems of language learning and how to overcome these problems in a bilingual environment. Based on the psychological and methodological research in speech production, the article concludes that in the case of sequential bilingualism, the mother tongue facilitates the learner's search for verbal means of the target language to express ideas meaningful to the individual.

    Keywords: Mother Tongue, Target Language, Bilingualism, Translation, Communicative Situation
  • Guzel Nurutdinovna Karimullina *, Kamil Rakhimovich Galiullin, Marina Nikolaevna Priemysheva, Rezeda Nurutdinovna Karimullina Pages 72-81
    In the current study, it was tried to investigate the features of dictionary description of lexical homonymy using bilingual language reference books of general type, included in the digital corpus of Tatar dictionaries. The type of homonyms and their part-of-speech characteristics are analyzed (with quantitative data).  Comparative analysis revealed the differences in dictionaries related to the interpretation of "homonym" notion, characterization of units with similar formatting, an indication of a part of speech, etc. The article presents the materials found in the course of the research, which testify to the mistakes and drawbacks in presentation and description of homonymy (omissions of units, lack of individual labelling of homonymic units or incorrect labelling, discrepancies between interpretation and formatting). Many of these drawbacks are primarily due to the heterogenic description of the units forming a single lexicographic class. The authors substantiate the relevance of a comprehensive approach to registering words with a similar form in dictionaries; under the broader diffusion of written communication, lexicography should treat homonyms as units with identical graphical appearance.
    Keywords: Lexical Homonymy, Language Reference Book, Quantitative Characteristic, Digital Corpus of Dictionaries, Lexicographic Class
  • Nailya Ivanovna Faizullina*, Radif Rifkatovich Zamaletdinov, Nailya Nuryjhanovna Fattakhova Pages 82-89

    The development of an anthropocentric paradigm allowed us to expand the subject area of linguistic research, including a folklore text. This article is devoted to analysing the Russian folk riddle from the point of view of metaphor functioning. As you know, the metaphor evolved as a kind of accumulated meaning hierarchy relative to already known objects. Thus, metaphors are understood as complex patterns-images or the ways of the whole and the particular correlation. During the analysis of the metaphor functioning in the riddle, the authors conclude that the metaphor in the riddle is extraordinarily simplified and has several requirements for use. So, the combination of a metaphorical description with a literal description of the subject is essential. The metaphor should be based on the most well-known and understandable representations for this collective. Such a combination of literal and figurative descriptions ensures the complete inclusion of the addressee in the semiotic "message" and allows it to be divided into smaller units.

    Keywords: Riddle, Paremiology, Denotatus, Metaphor, Linoculturology
  • Landysh Robertovna Faezova*, Gulfiya Rasilevna Gainullina, Nurfiya Marsovna Yusupova, Aigul Raisovna Gilmutdinova Pages 90-97

    In the light of the ongoing interest in the events of the Great Patriotic War, and everything connected with it, wartime prose is seen as an incredibly important layer for literary research. The article discusses the characteristic features of the works of the war years in the aspect of new trends in literary criticism. The paper proposes a new concept of analysis of fiction. The tragic events of the Great Patriotic War, its colossal impact on the public worldview alter the somewhat dogmatic nature of the socialist-realist method, introducing new themes, problems, conflicts, oppositions (of war / peaceful life, the enemy/defender of the Motherland, foreign land/ native land, life/death) into the semantic and visual-verbal structure of works of fiction. Simultaneously, with the development of various artistic techniques, socialist realism is experiencing, especially in wartime, a rapid division on the vertical scale of literary values. Gradually, such an internal element of the work as the local-temporal characteristics – the chronotope – comes to the forefront, the system-forming plan.

    Keywords: Eniki, Wartime Prose, love, Tatar Prose, Chronotope
  • Liliya Rashidovna Mukharlyamova *, Leysan Khabirovna Shayakhmetova, Assiya Sulkarnayeva Pages 98-105

    The article discusses the functioning of prepositions, representing space, in proverbs and sayings of the English and Russian languages. The category of space is one of the essential categories of the modern worldview and has been studied by scientists of various fields of knowledge for centuries. Space, along with time, is an integral attribute of the existence of all objects and processes of the surrounding reality, as well as one of the main categories of culture, which enables a person to perceive the world. In linguistics, spatial relationships are expressed by various means, lexical and grammatical (morphological and syntactic). This article deals with the expression of the category of space by lexical means, namely one of the service parts of speech, prepositions. The prepositions expressing the space are grouped in the article according to the meanings. Oriented and non-oriented prepositions are considered. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the prepositions representing the space in the paroemiological fund of heterogeneous English and Russian languages, determined the universal and unique characteristics of each of the compared languages.

    Keywords: Category of Space, Proverbs, Comparative analysis, Prepositions, Paroemiological Fund
  • Zulfiya Zinnatullina, Liliya Khabibullina, Oleg Yurievich Polyakov Pages 106-114
    Exploring the Image of Russia represented in English Literature is a topical issue of Russian English Studies, which is a matter of research concerns of several scholars in this country. The paper is focused on the Image of the Hermitage in Anthony Burgess's novels and its linguistic features considered in the context of current scholastic approaches to the problem of reception and representation of the Image of Russia in English Literature and, generally, in West-European culture. The Image of St. Petersburg is a major component of the Image of Russia in English literature, while the Image of the Hermitage occupies a most significant position in the structure of the Image of St. Petersburg. Having analysed A. Burgess's Honey for The Bears and Any Old Iron, we conclude that the novels belong to the discourse of culture, a model of English literary representation of Russia, intended to evoke the reader's sympathy the country.
    Keywords: English Literature, Image of the Hermitage, Burgess, Honey for The Bears, Any Old Iron
  • Anton Afanasev*, Tatyana Nikolaevna Breeva, Olga Yurievna Osmukhina, Marina Nikolaevna Vinnikova Pages 115-122

    The urban text is of particular importance in the development of the meta-plot of the second volume of Blok's "humanization trilogy". The correlation of the language and mythology of the city with the symbol of the elements implies the deployment of the destructive component of the elements. The symbolic images of the Serpent, the bronze horseman as well as sunset symbolism become the meaning-and structure-forming centre. The analysis of the city's mythology and linguistic features in the context of the second volume of Blok's lyrics makes it possible to trace the development of the general meta-plot and, at the same time, to identify the specific features of the functioning of the mythology under study. The sense-forming dominants determine the specifics of the chronotopic and symbolic-associative deployment of mythologemes. The movement of light symbols in the structure of the second volume makes it possible to consider the transformation of the primary system of symbols that define the Blok's meta-plot.

    Keywords: Linguistic Features, Alexander Blok, Mythology, Lyrics, Symbolic Images
  • Guzel Minnezufarovna Nurullina*, Ramil Kiryamovich Ramazanov Pages 123-130

    The current study was trying to study the semantics and structure of anthroponyms and the theoretical reflection of their cultural markedness in Russian translations. This paper presents an in-depth comparative analysis of the English and Russian anthroponyms and explores stylistic, grammatical, and lexical features of translating proper names. The study is illustrated with the examples from the novel of J.R.R. Tolkien "Hobbit, or There and Back again". The scientific novelty of the present work considers the ways of expressing culture in a language through English anthroponyms in Russian translations. According to the idea of anthropocentricity of the language stated in the article, the cultural markedness of the English anthroponyms in Russian translations is reflected by a man's idea about the world and national culture. Anthroponyms turn out to be real signs with meanings and are capable of causing different associations. Creating images that denote persons by their activities uses the figurative and semantic specificity of the language to the limit.

    Keywords: Film Studies, Cinema Studies, Soviet Cinema, Post-Soviet Cinema, Film Discourse
  • Ayrat F. Yusupov*, Nurfiya Marsovna Yusupova, Svetlana Vasilyevna Sheyanova Pages 131-139

    The article discusses the nominative domain and function of image symbols traditional for the Tatar poetry in the 1930s based on poetic works by M. Jalil, Kh. Tufan, and A. Fayzi. The mould-breaking pursuit of the verse form in the 1920s, playing with more complicated techniques, and plausibility to generate an image out of numerous mosaic details caused poets to folklore image symbols. The study demonstrates that traditional image symbols are observed as an opportunity to develop the artistic paradigms, regenerate the ideological and philosophical depth, as well as to present ambiguity and a chance to double read the text and national traditions of the Tatar poetry. The scientific novelty is defined through a different means to reviewing traditional (folklore) images in the structure of the poetic heritage, i.e., the study concentrates on their usage as a symbol being a structure-forming component. The analysis explained that the presentation simplicity and musicality typical of folk songs becomes the dominant feature of the period's Tatar poetry. It was facilitated by the sociocultural characteristics of national artistic mentality too.

    Keywords: Nomination, Image Symbol, Function, Tatar Poetry, Folklore
  • Ayrat F. Yusupov *, Nurfiya Marsovna Yusupova, Svetlana Vasilyevna Sheyanova Pages 140-148
    The article concentrates on studying one of the linguistic techniques called allusion technique in Tatar poetry at the background of traditional symbols semantic transformation in Tatar poetry in the 1920s-1950s. While exploring the topic, it is argued that Tatar poets turned symbol images traditional for the national literature into spokesmen for the "anti-ideological" position. The objective of the study is to explore the allusion technique via a prism of image symbols crosscutting for the national literature as a system of nominations based on Tatar poetry in the 1920-1950s. The scientific novelty is determined by a different approach to exploring the allusion technique: the study focuses on applying the symbol as a structure-forming component. Under the review, namely, symbols are proved to act as structure-forming components and are perceived as a possibility to change artistic paradigms, update an ideological and philosophical depth, and ambiguity. It also provides a possibility to "double read" the text and national traditions of Tatar poetry.
    Keywords: Tatar Poetry, Allusion Technique, Image Symbol, Transformation, Function
  • Nuriyeva Liliya Failevna *, Sayfulina Flera Sagitovna, Mingazova Liailia Ihsanovna, Kayumova Gelyusya Faridovna Pages 149-156
    The article is devoted to the Linguistic analysis of "Books for reading" by the early 20th-century enlightener writer Kasim Bikkulov, known as a writer, educator, the religious figure from the standpoint of identifying the structural and linguistic features of collections and the contents of the texts included in them. The purpose of this article is the study of "Books for Reading" by Kasim Bikkulov, the analysis of collection structure, the thematic trends of literary works, and texts of a scientific and journalistic nature included in collections. The paper used analytical, hermeneutics, comparative, and cultural-historical research methods. The analysis makes it possible to conclude that the "Books for Reading" of the studied author constitute a special place in the activities of the teacher-educator and are a definite contribution to children's literature, and also serve as an example of textbooks widely used in the teaching of Tatar literature at primary school during the first quarter of the XX-th century.
    Keywords: Tatar Literature of The Early Twentieth Century, Educational Literature, Bikkulov, Books for Reading, Literary Heritage
  • Alsu H. Vafina *, Elena A. Gruzdeva, Natalia G. Sharapenkova Pages 157-163
    The article investigates the relationship between East and West, which is a part of an essential area in literary criticism – the study of national, cultural, political self-identification, and language of the person and people as a whole. In this work, the influence of Sufism on Orhan Pamuk's work, as well as its linguistic features, are investigated. The material is O. Pamuk's novel The New Life. The work of a modern writer is related to the genre of a family-household chronicle and a detective novel. The transformation of one of the prominent motifs of Sufism – the motive of search – into the detective motive in modern, postmodern literature is studied. The article reveals the complexity of the ideological and aesthetic worldview of the author, formed under the influence of East and West. Allusions and reminiscences associated with Western culture are revealed in the work of the Turkish writer. The authors analyse the central plot motifs, postmodern artistic techniques in the context of the whole artistic works of the writer.
    Keywords: Turkish Literature, Post-Modernism, Sufi Motifs, Self-Identification, Orhan Pamuk
  • Alina Salimovna Gaynutdinova *, Elvira Albertovna Islamova, Ramziya Marsovna Bolgarova, Ilsever Rami Pages 164-171
    Kazan Federal University is conducting research on vocabulary reflecting the material and spiritual culture of Tatar people. Applying the continuous sampling method to explanatory and bilingual dictionaries, a vocabulary base has been formed, which served as the basis for the compilation of the "Ethnocultural Dictionary of the Tatar Language". Among other lexical groups, the dictionary included the names of clothing, shoes, hats, and elements. The article focuses on the study of clothing terminology of Turkic origin in Russian-language dictionaries. Explanatory, historical, etymological dictionaries of the Russian language, and dictionaries based on the materials of business writing, fiction, etc., include numerous lexical units of this group. The research data prove that increased contacts among speakers of different languages lead to the replenishment of the vocabulary, and eventually to the substitution of a certain part of original and borrowed lexical units that have been in use for several centuries. Besides, the results of the study have contributed to the clarification of the chronological characteristics of lexical units in the historical dictionaries of the Russian language.
    Keywords: Vocabulary, Material Culture, Russian Language, Tatar Language, Turkisms
  • Irina Igorevna Abdulganeeva*, Ksenia Olegovna Prosyukova Pages 172-182

    This article is focused on the comparative analysis of the intensifying word-formation units in languages with different structures as part of the field approach. The field approach allows revealing divergences and similarities of the intensifying word-formation units in Russian and German languages as a part of the profound study of the functional and semantic nature of intensifying formants and the complex analysis of the pragmatic potential of the substantive derivatives formed with the help of intensifying word-formation units in original and translated texts. We developed the definition of an intensification field in Russian and German languages. These fields indicate quantitative and semantic divergences at the word-formation level of the category in Russian and German languages and allow referring the intensifying word-formation units to the nuclear and peripheral zones of intensification fields in Russian and German languages. We can also observe the units of a certain level of the target language, which correspond to the word-formation units of the source language when the equivalent formants in the target language do not exist.

    Keywords: foreign language, learning, Linguistics, Russian, Word
  • Elena Aleksandrovna Denisova *, Yulia Yurievna Lipatova Pages 183-190
    This article is devoted to the representation of the prohibitive semantic in the Russian and German paremias. The study is based on comparative analysis of structural-semantic features of the paremiological phrases containing prohibitive constructions. The groundwork of this research is presented by a collection of 1743 paremiological units (1500 Russian and 1243 German paremias), which have been selected by a method of continuous and special selection from authoritative Russian and German paremiological works, by such authors as V. P. Anikin, H. and A. Beyer, S. Wagener, K. Wander, V. I. Dal, V. P. Zhukov, K. Simrock, I.I. Illustrov, V. M. Mokienko, I. M. Snegirjov. Building on the empirical base of this research, we identified 10 Russian and 10 German syntactic structures which are explicitly expressing prohibitive semantic in proverbs, sayings and folk omens. The author of the article defines a concept of a prohibitive construction in a broad sense. During the structural-semantic analysis of the presented structures, common syntactic and semantic characteristics are identified, also along with them structural-semantic differences of the analyzed paremias are opened up.
    Keywords: Linguistics, Communications, Prohibitive Construction, Paremia, Structural-Semantic Analysis
  • Nataliya Anatolevna Deputatova, Olga Valerevna Akimova *, Anel Sabirova Pages 191-199

    The article gives an insight into the theory of discourse, text and communication. The discourse description is conducted through its inventory, conceptual spheres and communicative purposes. The rationale for the problem of the research lies in providing the complex analysis of a discourse of one sphere in the languages of different types; that promotes more accurate characterization of typical general features of professional discourse. The basic aim is going into the effective use of communicative and functional approach to discourse analysis. The paper presents first, some theoretical foundation concerning professional and specialized communication, and, second, the results of the practical research of contemporary architectural media discourse (21st c.) (CAMD) in the Russian (CAMDR) and English (CAMDE) languages. The basic material for the studies is found in the reports, accounts, discussions and forums of contemporary architecture of Kazan (Russian Federation) and London (UK) in mass media within the period of 2000-2018. The outcome of the investigation may be revealed in discourse types and methodology of communicative and functional approach application.

    Keywords: Communication, Discourse, Language, Linguistics, Media Discourse
  • Alsu Zakievna Gainutdinova *, Rezida Iskandarovna Mukhametzyanova, Evelina Erkenovna Mukhametshina Pages 200-208

    The foundation of qualitative enquiry is language and communication. Language is a fundamental instrument by which qualitative researchers attempt to understand human behavior, social processes, and the cultural meanings that are part of human behavior. Russia is a multinational, multi-confessional and multicultural country, and in this connection, the problem of educating the younger generation in the spirit of tolerance at the present stage is especially relevant. These circumstances have led to the inclusion of the term “tolerance” in the thesaurus of social and pedagogical sciences in recent years. The purpose of this article is to consider the main approaches to the interpretation of this concept, as well as to identify favourable conditions and ways of creating cross-cultural tolerance in modern society and in educational institutions in particular. The research is based on the analysis made on the current situation of cross-cultural communication in Russia and Tatarstan in particular.

    Keywords: Cross-Cultural Communication, Language, Foreign, students, University
  • Gulnara Ilgizovna Khasanzyanova, Elvira Albertovna Islamova*, Ramziya Marsovna Bolgarova, Ilsever Rami Pages 209-217

    An important role in intercultural communication is played by ethnic stereotypes - stable ideas about the moral, mental, physical qualities inherent among representatives of various ethnic communities. An urgent task is the study of Tatar and Russian people stereotypes living in the same territory. The material for Tatar and Russian autostereotypes and heterostereotype description was the data collected as a result of a free-associative experiment among the students (17-25 years old) of higher educational institutions of Kazan in 2016-2017. The results of the study show that Russian linguistic consciousness in the Republic of Tatarstan has a higher level of tolerance towards the Tatar people. The “other” ethnic environment influences the structure and content of heterostereotypes in the first place due to the greater immersion in the culture and history of other people. The results of the work are intended to help in solving the problems of intercultural communication related to education and upbringing in a multi-ethnic environment.

    Keywords: Autostereotypes, Ethnic Stereotype, Free Associative Experiment, Heterostereotypes, Linguistic Consciousness
  • Aliya Albertovna Abdrakhmanova *, Anastasiya Mubarakshina Pages 218-226
    The article is devoted to the consideration of the language used by IT-specialists which is enriched with new words, terms, and metaphors every day, as this area is a subject of constant changes, due to which the language does not stand still and develops and expands daily. Undoubtedly, there are words in this field that are narrower and will only be understood by specialists in this field. These words include metaphors, terms, and phraseological expressions that are of the greatest interest, and our work will focus on the analysis of metaphorical units that are found in the field of communication in IT. The authors analyze the metaphorical terms in the field of IT communication and explore the various basic images of metaphors that explain the meaning of these metaphorical units. As it was found out, the word-formation of English terms in the field of IT is a complex process that is undergoing various changes and is in constant development due to the significant progress of the sphere itself.
    Keywords: Communication, IT, Language, Linguistics, Metaphor
  • Alina Damirovna Hayrullina *, Alfiya Shavketovna Yusupova, Guzel Amirovna Nabiullina, Nurila Gabbasovna Shaymerdinova Pages 227-235
    The lexicographic works by I. I. Giganov brought us the lexical richness of the Siberian Tatar language of the 19th century. The article is devoted to the study of the most important layer of the language vocabulary - ethnocultural vocabulary, recorded in the bilingual dictionaries by I.I. Giganov. In this study, the ethnocultural vocabulary of the Siberian Tatars is considered on the basis of thematic groups, namely: the vocabulary of clothing and jewellery; the vocabulary of food and traditional dishes; the vocabulary related to kitchen utensils. The study used descriptive and comparative methods and partly etymological analysis techniques. Studying the bilingual dictionaries by I. I. Giganov, we came to the conclusion that the compiler sought to preserve the features of vocabulary-language signs and their grammatical design, taking into account the existing sign-evaluative and specific-verbal expressions, the unique features of the figurative language system of his time, observing these lexical-grammatical canons and obeying the laws of science of language.
    Keywords: Bilingual Dictionaries, Ethnic-Cultural Vocabulary, Vocabulary, Language, Siberian Tatars
  • Olga A. Chupryakova *, Svetlana Sergeevna Safonova, Irina Aleksandrovna Votyakova Pages 236-243
    Throughout all stages of linguistics evolution, including the modern one, the problem of correlation of content and form, symmetry/asymmetry of denotation and connotation is an ongoing problem. The relevance of the current research is, on the one hand, defined by the focus on the unresolved problem of syntactic phraseological models' semantic-functional status, and, on the other hand, driven by the focused attention to the representation of intension in the information structure of phrasemes, which differ by correlation of qualitative-quantitative and relational meanings. Phraseomodels, which are analyzed in the aspect of inter-model correlation, are correlated with those phrase models that include the slishkom..., chtoby part, which shows the redundancy in the quality or in the condition, and with those that include the ne tak/ne nastol'ko/ne stol'..., chtoby part, in which the quality of the subject, on the contrary, does not exceed the bare minimum for something to happen.
    Keywords: Writing Style, Syntactic Phraseomodel, Relational Semantics, Syncretism, Expressivity
  • Volkova Alina Albertovna *, Takhtarova Svetlana Salavatovna Pages 244-251
    The article is devoted to the identification of grammatical and syntactic means of language as a means of introducing the image of the main heroine of the novel “Arch of Triumph” by Erich Maria Remarque. Based on the analysis of the first chapter of the novel, it is concluded that the task of introducing and transmitting the image of the main heroine is realized by the author through the use of a number of grammatical constructions, in particular, various forms of the subjunctive, primarily relying on the modal meaning of optativity (desirability). In addition, the author reveals such stylistic technique as contrasting sentences in two moods: subjunctive and indicative, which serves to strengthen the contrast between the real and unreal, real and desirable, while realizing the author’s intention to immerse the reader in the world of doubts that torment the soul of the main character. At the same time, it has been established that a characteristic feature of the author’s language in the studied novel is the use of simple sentences.
    Keywords: Linguistics, mood, Subjunctive, Modal Meaning, Optativity
  • Yelena Anatolyevna Andreyeva *, Inna Germanovna Korneva Pages 252-259
    The goal under consideration is to see the framework of values as the spiritual relations of humanity focusing on the creation of humanistic values through the realization of language values through axiological linguistics. Particular attention is paid to the imagery of phraseological units, with which their axiological status can be associated. The detection of the extralinguistic situation, under the influence of which a phraseological image arose, is necessary for understanding the national specifics of Russian and German phraseology. To reveal the image, the article analyses the internal form of lacunar axiological phraseological units. The analysis detects differences in the way of thinking and associations of Russian and German speakers. Studying the picture of the world reflected in the mirror of the axiological phraseology of two languages allows us to compare national stereotypes of behaviour, mentality, national-cultural experience, traditions, and life values of representatives of Russian and German societies.
    Keywords: Intercultural Communication, Phraseological Lacunarity, Axiological Phraseological Unit, Axiological Linguistics, Realization of Language
  • Liliya R. Abdullina *, Anastasia Vladimirovna Ageeva, Liliya Ernstovna Ilikova, Ekaterina Valerievna Artamonova Pages 260-267
    The article is devoted to the formation of media linguistics, with media discourse as its object, in scientific fields of Russia and foreign countries. The method of frame-based modelling, which is widely used in media linguistics, is highlighted. The concept of the frame script is expanded on; the frame structure consisting of subframes and slots is defined as well. The necessity of applying this method in describing the representation of Russia’s image in French newspaper discourse is justified. The comparative analysis of the patterns of the frame-script “Russia” is conducted for two different time periods. The slots are separated out in the structure of the subframe, and the instances of their verbalization in newspaper discourse are cited. The predominance of certain types of slots over the others is explained. The conclusion that the representation of Russia’s image depends on both domestic and international current affairs, is drawn. An evaluation of a state’s image in foreign-language discourse cannot be considered as universal for foreign media reality and is reliable solely within the boundaries of a given time period.
    Keywords: Language, Linguistics, Discourse, Media, Semantics
  • Agzam Abrarovich Valeev *, Mariya Vladimirovna Asmolovskaya, Natalia Germanovna Sigal Pages 268-275
    Learners will experience communication difficulties caused by a lack of linguistic capital in the process of learning a second language. Communication techniques are approaches used by learners to resolve these issues in order to articulate their intended meaning. Paraphrasing, substitution, coining new words, returning to the first language, and asking for clarity may be the techniques used. The purpose of this study is to analyse the communication techniques used by learners and teachers in the foreign language classroom. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to highlight and justify the socio-pedagogical conditions that help to motivate non-linguistic students to learn a foreign language. The article reveals the essential characteristics of motivation, describes the main types and functions of students’ motivation related to learning a foreign language. Based on the methods of theoretical and empirical research, the criteria for increasing the level of students’ motivation are proposed. The implementation of the latter is presented as a holistic process, including a number of interrelated components.
    Keywords: motivation, foreign language, Holistic Process, Socio-Pedagogical Conditions, Communication Technologies
  • Shibanova Natalia Aleksandrovna *, Makhmutova Rezeda Gilmutdinovna, Pavlova Victoria Alesksandrovna, Shustova Ellina Viktorovna Pages 276-285
    Reading fairy tales aloud is a great way to improve the pronunciation of your language, as they are meant to be spoken and heard by others. By offering an interesting and novel topic for class discussion, which could encourage shyer or more creative students to speak up, they can also improve the speaking skills of students. During the study, polling methods, interviews, and content analysis were used. It has been found that more consideration was given to the conflict itself in Russian fairy-tales, and to pre-conflict and post-conflict – in Tatar fairy-tales. The predominant behavioural strategy is a confrontation; the most successful tactics are cunning, fleeing from the place of conflict and reliance on a support group. Little attention is given to the emotions of the characters. In general, the fairy-tales examined to provide a limited set of conflict management practices. However, the combination of Russian and Tatar fairy-tales significantly enriches it.
    Keywords: Fairy-Tale, Conflict, Predominant Behavioural Strategy, Behavioural Tactics in Conflict, emotional intelligence
  • Alena Yuryevna Ermolenko *, Liliya Radikovna Sakaeva, Alfia Rafailovna Baranova Pages 286-291
    This article explores the main methods and strategies for translating American film headlines into Russian (150 units), released in Russian distribution from 2009 to 2019. The relevance of the topic is confirmed by the fact that today the popularity of foreign films headlines to the need for a high-quality translation of the film titles into another language. Inaccuracies often arise when translating foreign headlines, which leads to many differences in the content of the film and its headline. The purpose of this work is to identify and thoroughly describe the most used translation transformations when translating American film headlines into Russian. The main research methods were analysis, comparison, statistical method.
    Keywords: Language, Communication, Linguistics, Film Headline, Translation
  • Galina Sergeevna Kalinina *, Natalia Victorovna Gabdreeva Pages 292-299
    In this paper, it was tried to consider the intention “Apology” in speech etiquette based on the material of different structural languages. The paper analyzes the data obtained through an online survey on the simulated situation “Apology”, in which speakers of different structural languages had to demonstrate the basic speech formulas used in case of any norms violation. In this article, we will consider some universal and specific features of speech etiquette in different structural languages (i.e., the choice of forms, as well as verbal cliches that are specific to genetically and typologically different languages, which are Russian and Arabic). The sources of comparison were primarily the experiment, as well as the authors' own observations that have been drawn over the past years when teaching foreign students in the preparatory department and 1-2-year students of the main educational programs Kazan Federal University and its branch, as well as Kazan National Technical University A.N. Tupolev.
    Keywords: Apology, Speech Etiquette, Politeness, Communication, Structural Languages
  • Svetlana Anatolevna Eremeeva *, Alfiya Nailevna Zaripova, Olga Valerevna Akimova, Tatiana Yakovlevna Zaglyadkina Pages 300-305
    The present paper considers situation-bound characteristics of the literary medical discourse lexical inventory in the English language. The study is based on the lexical analysis of the medical words and word combinations presented in the American television series “House M.D.” (production of Heel and Toe Films, Shore Z Productions, Bad Hat Harry Productions, NBC Universal Television Studio, Universal Media Studios, Universal Television), “Chicago Med” (production of Wolf Films Universal Television), and the novel “The Final Diagnosis” written by the American author A. Hailey. The rationale for the problem of the research lies in insufficient information on oral communication in specialized communicative spheres of various levels, in particular in oral medical discourse, especially within the classification of specialized discourse speech genres against the background of lexical inventory typologisation. Therefore, the work examines situation-bound characteristics of the English medical vocabulary. Our hypothesis is stated as follows: communicative conditions determine the lexical features of words and expressions used within the specialized discourse.
    Keywords: Language, Communication, Linguistics, Terminology, Lexical Inventory
  • Svetlana Sergeevna Bodnar *, Anna Viktorovna Zorina, Enzhe Kharisovna Shamsutdinova, Galina Sergeevna Yatsenko Pages 306-316
    The aim of the study is to conduct linguistic analysis and to identify prosodic features in the English film trailers. The authors undertake the study with the assistance of applied computer programme Speech Analyzer 3.1. The linguistic analysis of English trailers shows that the most commonly used stylistic means are: epithets, hyperbole, repetitions, and rhetorical questions. The results of the research suggest that such prosodic features as pitch, loudness, tempo, rhythm, pausation are used in the speech of the actors in the movie trailers. Based on the comprehensive analysis, the authors conclude that the value of prosodic design increases since prosodic features provide film trailers with a sound colouring optimizing mainly the auditory perception and the desire of viewers to watch the film.
    Keywords: Language, Communication, Linguistics, Terminology, Lexical Inventory
  • Anvar Ayratovich Gafarov*, Alikhan Anvarovich Gafarov Pages 317-323

    The innovations that steadily penetrated the life of domestic Muslims (Tatars, Bashkirs, Azerbaijanis, Kazakhs, etc.) demanded religious sanctions for compliance with the canons of Islam due to the specifics of their traditional way of life. An important role in the formation of public opinion regarding the ongoing changes was played by Muslim and modernist-oriented Russian-language journalism, which was most clearly manifested in the 80-90s of XIX century. The aim of the research undertaken by us is to determine the main trends in the formation and development of Muslim modernist Russian-language journalism and to identify the range of the main issues raised. As a result of their analysis of the works by Muslim modernists, the authors came to the conclusion that Muslim publicists managed to bring Islamic modernist discourse to the all-Russian level, to convey in a common language to multiethnic co-religionists their call: to go beyond confessional limitations and join the achievements of world civilization. They turned to scientific argumentation in their justification along with the traditional appeal to sacred texts.

    Keywords: Muslim Modernist Journalism, Russian Empire, Islamic Modernist, Muslim Publicists, Russian Language
  • Ekaterina Sergeevna Pankova * Pages 324-328

    Structuralism is used as the methodological basis of the work. Due to linguistic articulation, the subject recognizes and acknowledges himself as a subject. However, even before the linguistic articulation occurred, there is internal space for its implementation in the structure of the “I”. To indicate the process of the discursive production of the subject, the concept of interpellation is used, the essence of which is determined by two reasons - communicative and cognitive. It is established that for realization, the subject must become an obstacle to himself, be exposed to the threat of decomposition and splitting. It is noted that the subject is always in a situation of opportunity, but its implementation is not guaranteed.  Thus, it is concluded that the subject is not a stable personality structure, but is, firstly, universal practice of the individual’s activity in society, and, secondly, the result of the influence of discourses, through which the reproduction of social relations takes place.

    Keywords: Subject, Subjection, Interpellation, Social Construction, Linguistic Articulation
  • Ramis Rassykhovich Gazizov *, Kseniya Vladimirovna Dementieva Pages 329-336
    New media linguistics examines not only the written language of the media, but also the media's speech. Media linguistics encompasses media speech experiments that analyze (1) the speech behavior of mass communication participants and (2) various areas, textures, and genres of media text. In this paper, it was tried to analyze the Internet portals and publics of regional media, with the help of which they adapt to modern communicative conditions. The sources are publications of the most popular title with the audience in the Republic of Mordovia, namely the newspaper "Stolitsa S", as well as its public page on the social network VKontakte. The authors carried out a content analysis of more than 500 media texts and a qualitative analysis of about 100 materials. As a result, characteristics were identified that allow increasing the number of subscribers and causing their activity, such as the expressiveness of materials, the use of various stylistic means and methods of attracting the audience's attention.
    Keywords: Mass Media, Media Linguistics, New Media, Public Page, Social network
  • Ekaterina Borisovna Voronina *, Irina Sergeevna Nalimova, Galina Alexandrovna Abrosimova Pages 337-345
    The Republic of Tatarstan is one of Russia’s regions, situated in its central part. This region is famous for its bilingualism and tolerant language policy. The two main languages of the Republic are equal in importance and rights. In this paper, we decided to study the origins of the bilingualism of the republic, the current language situation in the region, including the state policy and perspectives of both languages. To understand the origins of bilingualism, we studied the history of the region and its relationship with the Russian state. To evaluate the current situation, we studied statistic information from Russian Census 2010 (the newest one), local laws concerning language policy, media sources and relevant researches.
    Keywords: Linguistics, Language, Words, Bilingualism, Tatar
  • Ilnur Rafisovich Khuzin * Pages 346-354

    The purpose of the research is to study precedent texts on the material of English and Russian newspapers. Based on the research purpose the following tasks were solved: 1) to give the essence of «precedent phenomenon» and «precedent text» notions; 2) to reveal precedent texts in English and Russian newspapers; 3) to make the analysis of researched lexical units. The hypothesis of this research is the assumption that the study of precedent texts allows fostering a fuller mutual understanding of different culture representatives. The research is based on the following methods semantization, contextual analysis, generalization and method of simultaneous analysis of linguistic facts. As a result of the study, the proposed hypothesis was confirmed, and data were obtained to complement and clarify the role of precedent texts in intercultural communication.

    Keywords: Precedent Text, Precedent Phenomenon, Precedency, Linguistic Culture Studies, Linguistic Cultural Community
  • Leysan Marsovna Musina * Pages 355-360

    Nowadays, there is a task in the republic of Tatarstan to preserve and popularize the national language. In the republic of Tatarstan today, there is a large number of enterprises with the participation of foreign capital, which play a high-priority role in the economy of our republic. Thus, language policy has to take into account the needs of modern society, that is, along with the popularization of the national language, it is also necessary to create favourable conditions for the study of foreign languages. Such measures will help to nurture not only a spiritually rich, harmonious, but also a modern society that meets the needs of a progressive world. The paper considers the main points of the language situation and language policy in the Republic of Tatarstan. The research offers a review of the main aspects of language paradigm in the region.

    Keywords: Language Policy, Language Situation, Linguo-Ethno-Ecological Approach, Interlingocultural Approach, Intercultural Communication
  • Samson Aleksandrovich Liberman *, Nikolay Alekseevich Smirnov Pages 361-366
    The authors of the article reflect on the possibility of a non-classical ontology, in which the distinction between the immanent and the transcendental, and related to it familiar to the human mind categories of the boundary, the local and the Other, life and death, the otherworldly, etc., would be rethought. The subject of reflection is the poetic ontology embodied in the eighth “Duin Elegy” R.M. Rilke, whose images the authors consider as an independent philosophical text. The methodology of the work is the ontological hermeneutics of the event, presented in numerous works by V.V. Bibikhin and the poetic philosophy of the late M. Heidegger. The article formulates the general provisions of existential ontology, in which existence is understood not as transcendental or immanent (local or other, otherworldly or worldly), but as a transition from one to another. Reality is the border just crossed between two worlds, and the worlds themselves are abstractions that come to life only in the event of crossing the border, in an existence that goes beyond itself.
    Keywords: Poetic Ontology, Poetic Philosophy, Phenomenology, Heidegger, Rilke
  • Ramil Mirgasimovich Valeev *, Irina Vladimirovna Kulganek, Dmitry Evgenyevich Martynov, Vadim Yuryevich Zhukov, Rushana Alfredovna Faizullina, Galina Vasiljevna Matushevskaya Pages 367-371
    The article is devoted to the scientific heritage of Osip Kowalewski (1800-1878) – the Polish and Russian scientist. He got an education of an ancient historian at Vilnius University. Kowalewski participated in the Polish liberation movement and was banished to Kazan. He learned east languages, in 1828 - 1832 Kowalewski was sent to an expedition to Transbaikal and Mongolia and also spent seven months in Beijing. Besides a set of scientific works, including early studies of the Mongolian Buddhism and the three-volume Mongolian and Russian-French dictionary, Kowalewski left a large number of diary entries. The materials relating to a trip from Kyakhta to Beijing and back were published only in 2005. It is used biographic and source study methods in the article. The analysis of contents of diaries of O. Kowalewski demonstrates that as to the scientist were inherent in its independence, systematic character, realness, concreteness and criticality of thinking. Kowalewski does not fall into idealization and a mythologization of an image of Mongolia and China.
    Keywords: Oriental Studies, Mongol Studies, Buddhism, Osip Kowalewski, Kazan University
  • Maria Nikolaevna Spirchagova *, Rinat Ferganovich Bekmetov, Tatyana Anatolievna Spirchagova, Faniya Vasbirahmanovna Yunusova Pages 372-379
    At the turn of the XX-XXI centuries the point of view was established in the Russian literary science, according to which the literature of socialist realism (Soviet literature) has undoubted aesthetic and historical value, and its own unique features. At the same time, the conviction matured that it was necessary to reanalyze the classical texts of the Soviet period from extremely non-ideological standpoints (as far as it is possible in humanitarian studies). Kavi Najmi's novel "Spring Winds" is considered a classic work of Tatar socialist realism. It clearly expresses the generic features of Tatar socialist realism, when all components of a literary text obey the dictates of the dominant ideology. The analysis of the poetics in the system of potamonyms of Kavi Najmi's novel "Spring Winds" convincingly demonstrates this. The novel is replete with references to different rivers: Volga, Kazanka, Lena, Pechora ... At that, the description of these rivers often depends on a hero who perceives them: a positive or a negative one.
    Keywords: Tatar Literature, Socialist Realism, Kavi Najmi, Poetics, Potamonyms
  • Gulnara Mohtarovna Nurtdinova *, Dilyara Marsovna Sadykova Pages 380-385
    The article is presenting the results of the Tatar realia research. The authors have calculated the semantic distance coefficient (SDC) for one of the semantic fields of the Tatar realia “Fairy tales’ heroes”. It makes up 11.8, which shows that on average to explain the meanings of Tatar realia, we need approximately 12 words.  This figure states the difference in perceiving world picture between Tatar and English peoples. The method of research is based on the statement proved by the linguists of Voronezh University (Russia). They believe the more words we need to explain the word meaning the less common concepts the pair languages have. We also compared the SDC for the other fields of the Tatar realia. For the field “Family” it makes up 8.57, for the field “Animals” it is 6.5, for the field “Religion” it is 12.44, for the field “Measures” t is 11.7, for the field “Food” it is 9.93, for the field “Household objects” it is 8.2. Thus, the numbers show in which fields we have fewer common concepts to avoid misunderstanding.
    Keywords: Linguistics, Fairy Tales, Vocabulary, Lexical Gaps, Semantic Field
  • Khaidarova Leisan Rinatovna *, Zamalieva Zarina Ilnurovna Pages 386-394
    The article is devoted to the history of relations between the two countries, such as the USA and China in the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries. The paper gives a general description of the US-Chinese interstate relations since the beginning of the diplomatic interaction between the two countries, highlights the main directions and dynamics of trade and economic relations, examines the influence of the European and Japanese factors on Sino-American relations, analyzes the foreign policy of the American government towards China. It also focuses attention on basic motive forces of Washington foreign policy in the region at that period of time: commercial, industrial capital. Based on the works of Russian and foreign historians, the author reveals the key political and diplomatic problems of interstate relations between the two countries in the study period. Finally, the author of the article concludes that the US policy in China was primarily aimed at protecting its interests and was formed as the resultant of external and internal factors influencing it.
    Keywords: Sino-American Relations, Railway Concessions, Open Door Policy, Dollar Diplomacy, Stillwell Mission
  • Maria Nikolaevna Spirchagova *, Rinat Ferganovich Bekmetov, Tatyana Anatolievna Spirchagova, Shaikhenurovich Yunusov Pages 395-399
    However, among all the works by L.N. Tolstoy the novel "Resurrection" occupies an exceptional place in this aspect. The authors of the article proceed from the fact that the "Resurrection" shows the fall, awakening and salvation of two souls: Nekhlyudov and Katyusha Maslova. L.N. Tolstoy shows the complex, painful process of the soul resurrection, cleansing it of filth, gaining a new spiritual dimension. The concept of the soul in the novel is not at all autonomous. It correlates with the writer's thoughts reflected in numerous diary entries. Thus, it expresses the author's views on the soul problem. This view is closely related to certain features of Russian culture as an integral system. The constituent elements of the Russian understanding of soul are "conscience", "God", "world", and "man". Tolstoy's assessment of the soul is a special version of the traditional Russian attitude to the soul as an important part of the spiritual origin in a person.
    Keywords: Soul, Poetics, Concept, Resurrection, Spiritual Dimension
  • Liliya Rinatovna Mukhametzyanova *, Leyla Agdasovna Mardieva, Anatolii Prokopyevich Chudinov Pages 400-405
    The article identifies and describes ideologically determined components of the meaning in the semantic structure of the titles of newspapers and magazines (hemeronyms), published from the end of the XX to the first decade of the XXI century. The key meaning of “renewal” is semantized in this era as ‘not the same as before’. Its zone of influence includes private key meanings: “changing the socio-political system”, “changing the economic structure of the country”, “value of the human person”. The idea of renewal is expressed in the renaming of many publications, and especially those with “Sovietism” in their composition; in active use of borrowings from Western European languages, “returned” historicisms - lexical units associated with the pre-revolutionary (until 1917) era, as well as confessional vocabulary in the titles of newspapers and magazines; in neutralizing the pejorative connotation of some words and the possibility of their use in hemeronimy; in the active naming of newspapers and magazines of a special group of lexical units, broadcasting semantic dominants of the era.
    Keywords: Onomatology, Hemeronyms, Medialinguistics, Political Linguistics, Ideology
  • Landysh Robertovna Faezova *, Milyausha М. Khabutdinova, Gulfia Rasilevna Gaynyllina, Chulpan Аvraimovna Zaripova-Chetin Pages 406-411
    The paper systematizes statistical material on the scales of the defeat of religion in 1930 by the example of the Muslim clergy, reveals a range of works of Tatar literature which conceptualize this tragedy. The analysis is based on the principles of a system-integrated analysis of the structure of literary work that combines the elements of historical and comparative research methods. The work by imam khatib Sirazetdin Zakirov, being exiled and died in the Siberian camp in 1930, is introduced. The features of the genre form, complaint, come to light. In the paper, it is proved that N. Isanbet, developing the theme of Muslim clergy in the autobiographical story Childhood, is committed to enlightenment. His goal is to create the image of the advanced mullah of his time. Gilyazov, tracing his Muslim ancestry in the autobiographical novel of memoirs Let Us Pray! Exploits the model of “colonial trauma”. Yunis in the novel If a Child is Orphaned Early in Life reconstructs a scheme of life of the Muslim clergy on the example of a rural mullah’s family.
    Keywords: Tatar Literature, Prose, Naki Isanbet, Mirgaziyan Yunusov, The Muslim Clergy
  • Shermaymayti Kasemu *, Kadriya S. Fatkhullova, Elvira N. Denmukhametova, Rida I. Zekrist Pages 412-417
    This article discusses the issues of Tatar language teaching in the system of general secondary education. The Tatar language is taught in the educational institutions of various types in the Republic of Tatarstan. For this purpose, the exemplary programs, training packages, audio and video materials, and interactive study materials have been developed and approved. During the research, various aspects of the educational process were analyzed; positive results and the reasons for students’ success were defined; the compliance of educational materials with the age characteristics of students and their interests were determined; the tools for the assessment of the level of Tatar language proficiency were established; the main approaches and technologies, used in Tatar language lessons, and the conditions for advanced training of Tatar language teachers were investigated. In the course of field study, the survey of teachers of Tatar language and literature, working in the comprehensive secondary schools, was conducted; as well as a written survey of schoolchildren of different classes for their attitude to the learning of Tatar language was carried out.
    Keywords: Tatar Language, General Secondary Education, Training Content, Educational Technologies, Control System
  • Irina Deeney (Kuprieva), Natalia Lazareva, Olesya Serkina, Yuliana Genkin (Filonova), Elena Zueva Pages 418-424
    This article deals with the analysis of the noun used in the English phraseology as it has the highest phraseological activity. The subject of special attention is a study of phraseological units with a phytonym component. The group of phraseological units with a phytonym component is the most frequently used one. Some phytonyms demonstrate unusual cultural connotations typical to this language. The importance of the plant world for people and the fact that they make analogies between humans and plants are reflected in the language. Results indicate that the choice of the properties of a particular plant as a prototype for re-interpretation is due to several reasons: on the one hand, the peculiarities of the human thinking process, which leads to the formation of similar images in different cultures; on the other hand, this choice depends on the cultural and historical development of the country, its geographical location and political structure.
    Keywords: Phraseology, Phraseological Unit, Noun, Phytonym, Cultural, Historical Development
  • Irina Deeney (Kuprieva) *, Natalia Lazareva, Olesya Serkina, Olga Romashina, Yuliana Genkin (Filonova) Pages 425-429
    This article devoted to the lexical-semantic analysis of English phraseological units with phytonym component. The subject of this paper is a lexical and semantic analysis and characteristics of such phraseological units. Special attention is given to lexical and semantic features of phytonyms functioning. The use of the term “phytonym” is defined. The problem of studying the semantics of phraseological units is one of the most important in theoretical linguistics, so the study of the meaning of language units, its structure occupies one of the main places in modern linguistic research. The language meaning is explained by its dissimilarity, because of the formation of different sides of the language and is determined by the lexical and semantic systems of the language, as a result of reflecting the socially objective reality.
    Keywords: Phraseological Unit, Phytonym, Seme, Lexical Meaning, analysis
  • Aygul Restamovna Salakhova*, Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna Sergeeva, Vladislav Aleksandrovich Bogorodskiy Pages 430-438

    The authors of the article address an urgent problem of communicative interaction in the context of existing discursive differences defined by characteristic intra-cultural methods of coding cultural phenomena. The fact that communicative failures are predetermined, first of all, by the asymmetry of evaluation and perception of cultural phenomena, which the representatives of different cultural and linguistic communities directly find in cross-cultural interaction, is undoubted. The paper provides insight on the potential of including data from the analysis of particular cases of knowledge about language and the surrounding world, which are used to identify a referent in the discourse by a speaker or a listener, when organizing cross-cultural communication within the framework of pedagogical discourse. The analysis of particular communicative failures in the process of cross-cultural natural language interaction allows for the creation and / or correction of tactics of verbal behaviour that can be effectively used in teaching Russian as a foreign language, for example, when studying a speech genre such as “congratulations”, as well as the communicative topic “Holidays”.

    Keywords: Cross-Cultural Communication, Linguistic Communities, Communicative Failures, Russian as a Foreign Language, Pedagogical Discourse
  • Guzel R. Nurieva *, Leila M. Garaeva Pages 439-448

    The focus of the present study is Zoom-based distance learning of English as a foreign language. The relevance of the issue is caused by a tendency to implement distance learning into the educational process. The objective of this paper is to investigate students’ and teachers’ attitudes to Zoom-based distance learning, to examine its main advantages and disadvantages, to formulate didactic principles for its organization. The present research is based on the theoretical and empirical methods analysis of studies on distance learning, observation, interviewing, and survey methods. The participants for this study were 72 students of the Kazan Federal University and 20 teachers of EFL. According to the conducted research, the students indicated such benefits of the Zoom platform as simplicity of installation, high quality of audio and video, the absence of connection drop-out. The results of a sociological study also show that the students’ attendance percentage of Zoom-based lessons is higher than the attendance of the traditional lessons.

    Keywords: Distance Learning, Zoom, Foreign Language Teaching, Educational Process, Digitalization
  • Albina Fanilevna Mukhamadiarova *, Lilia Fidarisovna Caserta, Mariya Alexandrovna Kulkova, Kirsten Reuter Pages 449-456
    The introduction of informational technologies in the modern educational process is an essential part of the successful work of the teacher and the guaranty of the achievement of learning outcomes. The text corpus is one of the modern resource tools for the creation of language learning assignments for students. In addition, we present teaching materials for studying the homonymy and polysemy of the words. We offer two different forms of organization of the learning process with emphasis on corpus technology: teacher presenting select assignments to students and students independently working with texts from a text corpus, as a mini-research project.
    Keywords: Concordance, Corpus, Corpus’ Technology, Development of Lexical Skills, foreign language
  • Dilyara Ilnurovna Sharapova, Gelinya Chayretdinovna Gilazetdinova, Ruzilya R. Salakhova *, Ilmira Kanatovna Yerbulatova Pages 457-464
    At the present stage of translation studies development as a scientific area, researchers are increasingly attracted to linguistic issues related to examining similarities and differences of the national and cultural code between comparable languages and ethnic groups rich in the material in order to determine translation patterns and generalization standards. Studying translation matter in question both from linguistic and cultural aspects is based on understanding the essence and nature of translation as an operation performed in two languages and cultures. Consequently, examining linguistic elements making up the language national and cultural specificity is one of the core tasks of modern translation studies in the academic area. The article discusses the "culture-centred" approach in translation science based on the example of Kazakh phraseological units. Preliminary results and conclusions of the study presented herein showed that, under the "culture-centred" approach, translation is not "switching from one language code to another," since it consists in transferring a hidden metaphorical meaning from the "native" cultural environment to the environment of the perceiving culture.
    Keywords: Phraseological Units, Metaphoric Essence, Semantic Meaning, National, Cultural Component, Translation Methods
  • Ilgina Zyamilevna Bulatova * Pages 465-472

    The focus of the article is the history of the Russian emigration. Awareness of the history of Russian emigration makes it possible to trace what changes have occurred with the national Russian languages in the framework of the historical events of the XX – XXI centuries. The aim of this work is to analyze the history of Russian emigration in the post-Soviet period. The author in the article describes the distinctive characteristics inherent in each wave of emigration, referring to the data of Rosstat, presents quantitative statistics on the number of emigrants from Russia. The waves of emigration are depicted from the point of Russian language usage there. Each wave is described from linguistic, grammar and phonetic point of view, proved by exact facts of grammar constructions, lexical units, highlighting the impact of the Russian language in emigration to the Russian language in the metropolis. Besides historical and linguistical descriptions, the author of the article is trying to give a sociological portrait of average emigrant for each wave.

    Keywords: Russian Emigration, Refugees, Waves of Emigration, Post-Soviet Period, Grammar Constructions
  • Xiaoxu Wang *, Gulshat Ahmathanovna Hayrutdinova, Xinxin Zhang Pages 473-480
    The article is devoted to the problem of field structuring of grammatical objects. The study focuses on the field organization of parts of speech in Russian. From the point of view of goal-setting, the study is focused on solving two main tasks: 1) to prove the connection between modern ideas about the internal organization of parts of speech with the interpretation of I.A. Baudouin de Courtenay of the category of quantitativeness in language, 2) to present his understanding of the field organization of substantives. The following research methods were used as the main ones: descriptive-analytical, morphological analysis of grammatical forms, the method of field structuring. The material for the study was the subject lexemes available in the Russian language, as well as extracts from the "National Corpus of the Russian Language". It is shown that the study of grammar objects from the standpoint of field structuring is poorly developed, as evidenced by unresolved or ambiguously interpreted questions.
    Keywords: Heritage of I.A. Baudouin De Courtenay, Category of Quantity, Principle of Field Structuring, Nuclear, Peripheral Zones, Morphological Categories