پژوهشنامه مکتب های ادبی
پیاپی 6 (تابستان 1398)

One of the trends in contemporary novelist streams that mimic a novel western novel in Iranian history literature is a new novel for post - modernism novel. Although this tendency has not been successful in the contemporary Iranian story because of the lack of adequate beds so far in the west, there are sometimes authors who are inclined to present their critical views to society and contemporary human through post - modernism approaches. Aboo Torab Khosravi is one of the writers. His artistic use of the Western romance has transformed his romance into an arena for dialogue and conflict. This research has worked in a descriptive and analytical manner to study the most prominent elements of post - modernism, with regard to the elements of post - modern novelist ,that is Polyphony in » Malekan-e- azab« novel. and the results of the research suggest that this novel s underlying characteristic of is polyphonic design using elements such as narrative technique، Intertextuality، Meta - story and…

Human and his existential mysteries are among the most important issues attracting the attention of many literators in all ages. In Arabic literature, many literators have tended to thinking about human and his secrets and self-motivated emotions. Emotions that oft appear in a halo of melancholy, despair and destitute. In this respect, the literators of the Mohjarmovement have tended to the fate of man and attempted to study his internal mysteries. Mikhail Na’imais one of those who have moved towards existentialism, using the images of deathmentality, sin, anxiety, melancholy and despair in the path of attaining freedom, perfection and evolution by the human, as a center for his literary works, especially the “Meeting” novel. Thus the authors intend to investigate the use of existential thoughts and markers in the novel “Meeting” by Mikhail Na’ima, that represent the bond between the evolution of human life with destitute, melancholy, alienation and anxiety. Through this research we realized that Mikhail Na’ima’s mind was always concerned with existential thoughts, strongly influencing his works of literature and the novel “Meeting”, with deep existentialist contemplations showingstrongly in the work.

Shafii Kadkani is one of the contemporary iranian poets. Shafii in same time inspire from the traditions and innovations in his poetry. The persian poetry traditions and innovations and modern poetic currents, reflected in his poems. His approach in poetic criticism oriented to the meaning and he is a idological poet in some time. as well as the meanigfully, clarity is othere principl in his literary approach and does not like the meaning Ambiguity. also he not like the language-centrism and emphasis the lingustic and word game. Imagism and conceret poem are the two modern poetical current that intrested for Shafii Kadakani and he compose the poems with coincidence from principles of this poetic currents.till now,not done a research around the Shafiies conceret poems and imagism, while this section of Shafiies poem have a high emotional and artistic richness. In this poems, Shafii portray a Fleeting moment with concrete and tangible images and with a artificial imagery immortalized it. this imagistic poems that Usually Non-ideological and are Purely beautiful, worthy to the attention of Audience for Artistic acceptance. beside of this, Shafii has created a harmony between theme and writing form of poets and compose a conceret poems. Because of a this,he created Aesthetic trait for this poems. In this article, imagistic and conceret poems of shafii kadkani were investiaged and efforted the principles and criteria of currents be clear in some poems of Shaffii kadkani

Incidence school is of Persian poem schools in which the real love is studied. The most important characteristics of the poets in the school are: reporting biography, improvisation, simplicity of words, and honesty in words, expressing details of love and loving humans’ appearance. Vahshi Bafghi is the greatest poet in this school. Tendency toward incidence includes modern poets, especially poets of modern sonnet. Hussein Monzavi is almost head of the poets. By analytic method, Presented research studied the elements of incident school in sonnets of Hussein Monzavi and concluded that importance of imaging in sonnet is led to distinguish Monzavi’s incident sonnet from poems of incidence school. In addition, context of Monzavi’s sonnets is different from sonnet of other incidence schools in terms of reality of fact, and context of his sonnet due difference in behavior of modern human about love. This distinctions led to emerge of streams of incidence sonnet.

Surrealism was a reaction of the contemporary man to the loss of modern human identity. Beware of the bitter truths that modern scientific and civilized civilization brought to modern man. But Islamic mysticism is a radical and epistemic redefinition of the universe based on religion that requires a cognitive perspective with the aid of knowledge and intuition in identifying the constituent elements of religion.It is based on the connection to the world of truth.So there is a difference between the mystical love-intuitive look and the surrealist materialist one.This research is intended to critique the viewpoints that have examined the issue of Islamic-Iranian mysticism with the components of the Western Surrealist school or attempted to find commonalities between the two.In recent years,numerous articles in prestigious journals have been published in two aspects about the proof of the surrealist influence of Islamic mysticism and its analysis of its components in ancient mystical texts. Surrealism has principles such as dream, illusion,imagination,autobiography,objective coincidence, insanity and madness,wonder and magic that have obvious differences with the characteristics and concepts of the mystical-Islamic school.n fact,though, there are formal and transverse similarities between mystical and surrealist works. The differences that arise in the realm of intuitive imagination,dignity,truth,reality,the essence of being, and apathy.The results of this descriptive-analytical study based on documentary studies show that the relation between mysticism and surrealism was first put forward by the poet Ali Ahmad Sa'id (Edonis) and then he was expanded in Iran by Brahani and Fathani expansions have.

The real image of the aliens-Mongol and Tatar-is shown in the al-Nasrud ​​al-Nusrat with the consequence of their actions. The language and expression of Zaidari, in the prophethood of al-Mustavir, is a language and expression that is illustrative and imaginative. His portrayalism and portraiture have, in the end, been aligned with the School of Immigration. As the high frequency, the significant density, the nature, purpose of the creation and manner of applying the image in Zaidari's poetic prose is in full compliance with the ideas of the Imagists, in addition, the sharpness, compactness, shortness and irony, as well as the objective, real and natural nature of the image of The main features of Zaidari's prose are. His pictures have a variety of subject matter, hence the notions of spelling, syntax, jurisprudence, theology, astronomy, the court of computation and stypha, logic, medicine, and even the intellectual game of chess in al-Mussudur al-Nusiddī are seen. Zaidari portrays the text to the image of the image, therefore the features and verbal literary arrays (algebra, guarantee of almonds, types of punishment, balancing, repetition, phrasal form, phonemes, phrases, etc.), spiritual innovations (eg, Hires, contrasts, contradictions, paradoxes, tlmayhs, proverbs, guarantees, ...), and expression (likeness, metaphor, permissible, indecent, etc.) in a manner in which they are either an introduction to the formation of the image, Either part of the process of imaging or self-image.