مجله علمی پزشکی جندی شاپور
سال نوزدهم شماره 6 (پیاپی 129، بهمن و اسفند 1399)

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the rate of cardiovascular and respiratory death and the average concentration of major air quality index "AQI”, including NO2, SO2, CO, O3 and PM10 in Ahvaz in the period of 10 years (2007 -2017).

 Subjects and Methods:

This analytic study was conducted in Ahvaz, 2019. Data on referrals and the number of hospitalized cardiovascular and respiratory patients and also on air pollutants are obtained through HIS system (Hospital Information System) and air quality monitoring stations in Ahvaz respectively. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 4 and Poisson Distribution Regression Model to evaluate the effects of each pollutant and the rate of hospitalization. In this study, confidence interval and the significance level are considered at 95% and 5% respectively.

Based on the results of Poisson regression analysis, there was a significant relationship between the average concentration of NO2, O3, CO and SO2 and hospitalization of patients with cardiovascular disease,. This was the case with NO2 more than other pollutants. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between the average concentrations of NO2, CO and O3 and the hospitalization rate of patients. The effect of NO2 was also higher here. Due to the results, NO2, CO, and O3 had a significant direct correlation with cardiovascular and respiratory rates. The effect of NO2 has been higher than other pollutants.

As a result, the consumption of that air pollutants increase the mortality rate of patients by diagnosing cardiovascular and respiratory problems,.

In recent years, in order to solve problems related to the storage and retrieval of paper-based medical records, the hospitals of the country have been scanning them using imaging systems. technology development allows unauthorized access to data. Therefore, data protection laws are required to maintain the confidentiality of patient information. In the present study, we are to investigate the confidentiality of medical records in digitalizing hospitals in the city of Ahwaz and provide a model for maintaining and enhancing data confidentiality.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that investigates the confidentiality of medical records in selected hospitals of Ahwaz in 2019. The study population includes 11 selected hospitals. The required data were gathered through an researcher-made checklist completed in person (by observing) at Medical Record Department and Information Technology Units. These data were analyzed in Excel.

According to the study, despite various security criteria to protect the confidentiality of data, obtaining written letter of commitment for nondisclosure of the password and username had been ignored in all the centers under study except one.

Considering the sensitivity of health data, it is recommended that hospitals develop a written form as letter of commitment to improve confidentiality. They should require information technology and medical documents officials as well as all users to fill in the form before they can access any type of data. Keywords: Confidentiality, Security, Privacy

Esophageal atresia is one of the most common congenital anomalies in neonates, and it can increase the incidence of complications and mortality, so it is essential to find a way to cure this disease more successfully. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of maintaining the azygos vein in esophageal fistula in esophageal atresia patients.

This study was performed on 40 neonates (20 patients in the preserved group and 20 patients in the ligation group). After recording the patient's demographic data, the complications of both surgical procedures, duration of surgery and hospital stay were recorded. Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare the data.

In the present study, it was found that the maintenance of azygos vein in neonates with esophageal atresia can increase the duration of surgery (P <0.05), but it also reduces the hospitalization and ICU stay and, on the other hand, the incidence of various complications such as pneumonia and anastomosis leak decreased. (P <0.05)

Therefore, in neonates who are candidates for surgical treatment of esophageal atresia and who are admitted to the surgical department, this surgical method can be used instead of the classical

According to prevalence of amphetamine abuse and necessity of appropriate treatments, the present research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) of DorsoLateral zone of PreFrontal Cortex (DLFPC) on craving in methamphetamine abusers.

Method and materials: 

In this cross-sectional double-blind study, with pre and post-test, 30 methamphetamine-dependent patients were included according to the inclusion criteria. We applied 20 min ‘anodal’ tDCS (2 mA) or ‘sham’ tDCS over right DLPFC in a random sequence while subjects performed aomputerized cue-induced craving task (CICT) starting after 10 min of stimulation. Immediate craving was assessed before the stimulation, after 10 min of tDCS, and after tDCS termination by visual analog scale (VAS) of 0 to 100.

The results showed that in the real tDCS group 10 minutes after the start of electrical stimulation, while in the control group the mock tDCS did not change significantly the craving rate for methamphetamine. Also the result showed the rate of methamphetamine cravings increased in both groups after the 20 minutes (P> 0.05).

Using transcranial direct current stimulation as a complementary treatment is recommended for decreasing drug craving

Today, most digital imaging systems make available a various type of image processing techniques. Hence, the purpose of the present study is to compare the digital Bite-Wing radiographic function with the image's gamma value changes (image gamma is a functional digital imaging feature, so that the image contrast is selectively increased in bright or darker areas by changing the gamma value of the image).

In this laboratory study, a cavity was created for class II amalgam restoration at both proximal surfaces of 80 healthy premolar teeth. Caries lesions were artificially in each tooth and repaired with amalgam. Digital radiographs are processed in three gamma modes (low, medium and high).Then, recurrent caries in conventional digital radiograph with low, medium and high gamma values were investigated by two radiologists with at least 2 years of work experience and the obtained findings were applied in statistical analysis.

Specificity, sensitivity and overall accuracy were calculated using Kappa Test. The results of this study showed that the highest sensitivity and specificity value are related to the images with low gamma and then to medium gamma images .The lowest sensitivity and specificity rate belong to the images with high gamma.

Low-gamma images used to identify proximal recurrent caries can be adopted as a processing filter and images with medium and high gamma also help us to recognize proximal recurrent caries to a lesser extent.

Inflammation plays a major role in insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc supplementation and combined exercise on the level of some inflammatory factors in men with type 2 diabetes.

In the present quasi-experimental study, 48 men with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: control, supplement, exercise and combination (supplement + exercise). The training protocol included six weeks of training, three sessions per week, and each training session consisted of 60 minutes of combined resistance training and aerobic training. Zinc supplementation was taken daily in a capsule containing 30 mg of sulfate.

The results showed that exercise training significantly reduces inflammatory factors and glycemic index compared to the control group (P <0.05). Supplemental consumption also significantly reduces inflammatory factors without a significant effect on glycemic index compared to the control group (P <0.05).. Changes in IL-1β and insulin resistance were significantly higher in the training and combination groups than in the supplement group (P <0.05). Also, changes in CPR and fasting blood sugar were more in the combination group than in the supplement group (P <0.05). Discussion and

The results showed that both zinc supplementation and exercise interventions reduce the level of inflammation in diabetic patients, but for more effectiveness and improvement of insulin resistance, exercise interventions are needed.

The aim of the present study was to examine a number of vocal acoustic parameters in a group of male and female elementary school teachers in comparison to their normal peers.

Fifteen female and 15 male primary schoolteachers in the age range of 35–40 years with 15 years teaching experience volunteered to participate in the study. The control group consisted of similar age who they were not teacher (15 men and 15 women). Recordings and audio signal analyses were carried out using Praat software. Each subject was asked to sustain the vowel /^a/ using habitual and constant vocal pitch, loudness, and quality for at least 5 seconds. Five tokens from each subject were obtained.

For the male subjects, the results indicated no significant difference (at the 0.05 level) for each variable between the two groups. However, for the female subjects, t tests showed significant differences between the teachers and the nonteacher controls in all parameters at the 0.01 level. The female teachers had significantly lower F0 (190.27 Hz) than the control group (236.32 Hz). Also, for the perturbation acoustic parameters (jitter% and shimmer%) and harmonics-to-noise ratio the female teacher group had significantly higher values than their corresponding control group.

The results indicate that female teachers appear to be more susceptible to voice stability change than the male teachers. Also, acoustic analysis of voice for teachers may significantly contribute to the objective voice examination of this group.

Tuberculosis is still one of the public health challenges in both developed and developing countries. This study designed to investigate the relationship between the human development index, one of the most important indicators of economic, social and health conditions of a country and tuberculosis’ incidence. Subjects and

In this ecological study, data on the incidence of tuberculosis and the Human Development Index in 2018, were extracted from the World Health Organization's website and the United Nations Development Program's website. Spearman correlation coefficient and 95% bootstrap confidence interval were used to determine the relationship between tuberculosis incidence and human development index (and its components).

The highest incidence of tuberculosis in 2018 was observed in countries with the lowest human development index. Human development index (and its components including: life expectancy at birth, education, per capita gross national income) had an inverse and significant relationship with the incidence of tuberculosis.

The incidence of tuberculosis is correlated with the Human Development Index and its components. Therefore, in addition to the commitment of those involved in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis to the guidelines of the World Health Organization, it is necessary that health policymakers, especially in low-income countries, focus on the environmental and social components associated with burden of tuberculosis.

Heart failure is a serious public health problem that leads to frequent hospitalization, reduced quality of life and death. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is wealth treatment for heart failure diseases but rate of no response is high.

To evaluate the effect of CRT on EF improvement in heart failure patients base of patients’ sex.

The present study is clinical trial, before and after the intervention, which has been performed on 21 heart failure patients with CRT admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ahvaz in 2019. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were assessed and recorded, and all patients underwent 3D echocardiography before and 2-3 weeks after CRT to assess response to treatment. In all subjects, left ventricular EF were measured when the CRT was switched off and also after switching on the device.

The study subjects were included 12 men (57.1%) and 9 women (42.9%) with a mean age of 64.57±9.99 years. The results showed that the MR intensity index score decreased significantly after the intervention (P=0.002). The mean EF changes before and after CRT intervention were not significant based on patient’s gender (P=0.754) and age (P=0.617).

The results of this study revealed that CRT treatment in patients with heart failure causes a positive clinical response by increasing EF. Moreover, the effect of this treatment and EF changes is independent of patients age and gender. Keywords: heart failure, cardiac resynchronization therapy, Left Ventricular EF, echocardiography

Oxidative stress is the source of many diseases, especially in obese people and strenuous exercise increases the production of active free radicals and oxidative stress in the body. The aim of this study was to The effect of aerobic exercise with chlorella consumption on lipid peroxidation indices and total antioxidant capacity of inactive obese men following exhaustive activity. Subjects and

This study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population included obese men of Urmia University with a mean age of 23.3 ± 6.71, weight of 106.02±14.05 and body mass index of 32.97 ± 21.10. of whom 40 were randomly divided into four groups of 10 (supplemental exercise, placebo exercise, supplement, control). Blood samples were taken half an hour before and immediately after the Bruce exercise test, and after 6 weeks of aerobic training and chlorella supplementation, the subjects participated in the test and re-blood sampling. The variables of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde and antioxidant capacity were measured.Data were analyzed using SPSS22 software.

The results showed that increasing exhausting exercise significantly increased the amount of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase in the subjects, and aerobic exercise with chlorella supplementation significantly reduced This index and also increases the total oxidative capacity (p < 0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the studied groups in relation to 6 weeks of aerobic exercise with chlorella consumption on oxidative stress indices in inactive obese men after one exhausting activity session(p < 0.05).g