نشریه آموزش علوم دریایی
سال هفتم شماره 4 (پیاپی 23، زمستان 1399)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of entrepreneurship education and teacher creativity on students' entrepreneurial intent. The research was practical in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of data collection method. The research data analysis method was structural equation modeling approach. In order to collect information, the field method and the questionnaire were used in the period from September to October 2019. The statistical population of the study consists of students of Hormozgan Higher Education Centers for Marine Sciences who have passed entrepreneurship training courses. The sample size was 384 using Morgan's table. After reviewing the theoretical literature related to entrepreneurship education, research hypotheses were proposed. Cranbach's alpha techniques and confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine the reliability and validity of the instrument. The results showed the desired reliability and validity of the instrument. In order to test the research hypotheses, the structural equation modeling method was used. Five hypotheses with t-values greater than 1.96 were confirmed and two hypotheses were rejectedAnalysis of research findings showed that lecturer ' creativity had a positive and significant effect on students' entrepreneurial intention and also the relationship between lecturer ' creativity and positive and meaningful entrepreneurship education was significant. On the other hand, entrepreneurship education has a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. In addition, the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial ability and entrepreneurial knowledge was also confirmed. Other analysis shows, the impact of entrepreneurial knowledge on entrepreneurial intention was also not confirmed.

The purpose of this study is to design the conceptual model of the phonetic members of the faculty of Iranian public universities with the approach of interpretive structural modeling. This research is descriptive-survey in terms of purpose and qualitative-quantitative method. In the first, a semi-structured in-depth interview based on snowball sampling was performed using a qualitative method to achieve an interpretive structural model. The number of 15 interviews was theoretically saturated according to the work experience and the level of familiarity of the experts with the subject. Using coding, the dimensions and components of faculty members' voices were extracted. In this section, the approved components in the questionnaire of interpretive structural equations were presented to the experts in order to achieve a comprehensive model of the voice of the faculty members of Iranian public universities. In the quantitative part, to validate the obtained model, a questionnaire of 38 researcher-made propositions with a Likert scale of five was used, the validity of which was confirmed by the convergent and divergent validity method and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. The statistical population of this section includes 90 faculty members who have at least 5 years of executive experience in strategic planning at their university and have published at least one article in the field of staff voice. The sample was calculated for structural equations based on Cochran's formula of 73 people. Data analysis was performed using Smart PLS 3 software. The results of the qualitative section identify ten dimensions of organizational structure, managerial behaviors, group and team, atmosphere and phonetic environment, legal factors, human resources, personality, cultural factors, conflict and communication, and communication as dimensions of faculty members' voices.

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the structural and functional damage of higher education in the country. The method of this research has been applied in terms of its purpose and it has been qualitative exploratory type in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this study was the higher education scholars, faculty members and PhD students at Allameh Tabataba'i University. In this research, a purposeful snowball sampling method was used. Using semi-structured interviews with seven Higher Education Authorities, thirty-four faculty members and nineteen Phd students nineteen Phd students were interviewed to reach theoretical saturation. Collected information was categorized and analyzed using content analysis method. According to the findings of this study, the identified Higher Education Injuries in Iran were identified and categorized in two levels: micro and macro. At the micro level, factors such as teacher, student content, facilities, and at the macro level, factors such as the lack of university autonomy, the problems of the student admittance system, The gap between education and higher education is too much in theory and ignores practical lessons; the lack of participation of faculty members in curriculum development, inappropriate status of the article, and dissertation writing were analyzed.

The increase of marine power importance in recent decades, on one hand, and the geopolitical economic, security, political, access, regional and international communications, tourism, defense, and deterrence of Makran beaches, on the other, have provided special and potential capabilities for Iran. However, identifying and activateing these capacities requires careful and specialized studies. In this regard, this study was conducted with the aim of developing strategies to promoting the role of Makran beaches and identify the requirements for its realization in the defense deterrence of Iran with emphasis on marine science education strategies. In terms of aim, this research is an applied-developmental and a mixed research in terms of the type and method of data collection. In the qualitative part of the research, interview tools were used and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The results indicate that the factors and components affecting Iran's defense deterrence are summarized in six categories, which are: Natural, human, economic, cultural and social, international politics and military factors. The findings also showed that 13 strategies are of particular importance in promoting the role of Makran beaches in Iran's defense deterrence, among which the military fleet strength strategy (moving to the ocean navy) is in the first place. Additional results showed that 2 of the 13 explained strategies are related to the expansion of marine training and research.

Naval Force is a long-standing term carrying its own implications in both war and peace times. In Western exploitive countries, naval force is one of the first military sections ever formed, and it has played the most crucial role in invading other parts of the world. The power of a nation to use seas and oceans to its advantage, and to withhold foreign invasion, and to take advantage of such privileges at the time of peace or at negotiation tables is what we call "naval force". This paper presents a thorough analysis of five parameters of power of the naval force of the IRI, namely: man power, operational power, geographical location, information and software power as well as support power to withhold foreign aggression and promote capabilities of the IRI naval force. Using a descriptive research method and through collecting nominal data from library resources as well as field research (based on Likert Questionnaire), attempts have been made to identify, classify and clarify the parameters involved. Through collecting experts' opinions, the Reliability of the questionnaire was found to be 0.9 after which the questionnaire was distributed among 64 commanders of the military and revolutionary guard forces, whose answers were then collected and analyzed using Alpha Cronbach at 0.903 level of consistency. SPSS 26 showed that the five factors above are effective in increasing the withholding strength of the naval force. These factors are listed in order of the amount of their influence, and advice has been made as to how the IRI should place implementation of the above factors in its agenda.

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the factors of infrastructure and process affecting the undergraduate education of AJA officer universities. This research is based on the purpose of "applied research" and based on the nature of the type of "descriptive- survey" and has a "mixed" approach. The statistical population of the research, according to the inquiry, includes 108 professors of Imam Khomeini Naval Academy. They are accepted as a sample population by stratified-random sampling method. In order to collect the data needed to compile the research literature, "library studies" using "Taking notes tools" and in order to collect real data, "field studies" using "semi-structured interviews" and "closed questionnaires" were used. They have been validated by experts in terms of appearance and content in terms of clarity and unambiguity of the items as well as the adequacy of quantity and quality. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.921 and Re- test Reliability of the interview test was 79%, which indicates acceptable reliability. By analyzing the qualitative content of the interviews, 67 themes were identified based on which a questionnaire was prepared and distributed and the data extracted from it were analyzed using "one-sample independent t- test" using SPSS software. According to the obtained results, 35 themes were introduced as effective infrastructure and process factors and in the end were prioritized using "Friedman test", among which "the use of simulators, workshops and laboratories in training" was identified as the most important factor affecting education.

The main purpose of this study is to present and explain the model of electronic human resource management. According to the studies conducted in the literature review section and conducting interviews among experts, which included 31 senior managers, the indicators of electronic human resource management were identified. The use of fuzzy Delphi method and calculations of agility, foresight and technical support indicators were eliminated and other indicators were approved. According to the approved indicators, the relations between the variables were examined using exploratory factor analysis. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed in accordance with the identified components and distributed among the statistical sample including 234 managers and experts in total. The country has a history of more than 10 years, by extracting the set of primary factors, variance of eigenvalues, rotation and final selection of factors, the relationships between indicators and components were determined so that by determining factors that are statistically based on factor load of close numbers to each other were identified as components of the main indicators. According to the identification and determination of relationships between indicators and components using confirmatory factor analysis, the fit of each dimension was analyzed and finally a suitable model was obtained to manage electronic human resources.

In recent years, the emergence of new technology and huge changes in global markets, the information revolution and the emergence of new forms of organizational communication and increasing customer expectations in terms of cost of products and services, quality, delivery, technology and time cycle due to increasing competition. In the markets, it has abandoned traditional shopping systems and moved to a supply chain management system. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of employee knowledge sharing on the outsourcing of supply chain management activities of Imam Khomeini University of Nowshahr Naval Forces. The statistical population of this study includes managers, heads of units and professors with organizational positions in the university. The number of statistical population was 136 and the statistical sample was 100 people selected based on Krejcie Morgan's table. Two standard questionnaires, knowledge sharing, employees and questionnaire for outsourcing supply chain management activities (logistics) were used to collect data. The validity was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha using confirmatory factor analysis method and its reliability. Structural equation modeling has been used to analyze and analyze the hypotheses. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS software. Based on the research findings, employee knowledge sharing has a positive and significant effect on supply chain management activities. And among the dimensions of knowledge sharing, the desire to share knowledge has the greatest impact on the performance of logistical activities. The findings of this study could be effective in moving organizations to pay more attention to employee knowledge sharing.

ESP (English for Specific Purposes) courses, as an important part of the English language teaching field, has always been of interest to researchers. These courses are integrated with the needs analysis processes. Analyzing the needs of language learners can provide teachers and educational planners with the appropriate ideology for preparing and developing educational materials appropriate to the specialized needs of the students. To this end, the present study was an attempt to develop a needs analysis questionnaire for the Deck Engineering cadets. Convenience sampling was used to select the statistical population, and 350 Iranian male cadets of Imam Khomeini Naval Academy at B.A. level of Deck Engineering were selected as the participants of the study. In order to analyze the initial questionnaire, the factor analysis method was used, as a result of which 7 items were omitted from the 51 items of the first draft. The developed questionnaire included a total number of 44 items categorized into three groups: Skills, Functions, and Maritime. The research findings demonstrated that Deck cadets emphasized the development of their specialized language skills, as it enabled them to perform better in their specialized field. According to the results, it is obvious that needs assessment and needs analysis in the ESP courses is an important issue that can be applied in different fields and in accordance with the educational and non-educational goals of students.

Since the very beginning of the outbreak of the Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and the resulting disease (COVID-19) in the country, the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran including the Navy, in accordance with the Supreme Leader's decree to respond to the spread of the highly contagious virus initiated fast and outstanding measures. One of the measures, according to health guidelines, was to suspend educational programs in universities in line with the country. In order to prevent disruption in the educational programs of universities, all faculty members and teaching staff of the university were notified to change their teaching methods from face-to-face training to virtual and online environment. In this article, the measures which were taken by university faculty members in a relatively short period of time (i.e. two weeks) and using the available software and the university Internet portal are described. Two types of courses (theoretical and laboratory) were considered and the experiences gained during the virtual education of the selected courses were also explained. In this study, some of the strengths and weaknesses within the process of transforming face- to- face and normal education to remote and virtual environment over two academic chemistry courses (theory and laboratory) are presented.

The purpose of this study was to identify the skills required by management graduates and Marine Commissioner of Imam Khomeini University of Marine Sciences. The statistical population in the qualitative section is 10 experts of the University Marine Sciences and senior officers in the marine readiness specialty, and in the quantitative section there are 170 people including NDAJA readiness and support commanders who have service records in the floating unit as a logistics officer and also have experience. Served in the operational areas of Nedaja. The statistical sample in the qualitative section was purposefully selected by 10 people in the interview process (achieving data saturation) and in the quantitative section with a population of 170 people, using the Krejcie-Morgan table, 118 people as a sample and as A simple coincidence involved. Data collection tools included interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire in relation to evaluating the performance of Nedaja graduates and the skills they needed to have the desired performance in Nedaja, which was distributed among the statistical sample after confirming its face and content validity. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, and in the inferential section, confirmatory factor analysis and Friedman test were used to rank the main skills in evaluating the performance of Nedaja training officers. The research results showed; The 6 main skills included information, knowledge, technical-professional, specialized, metacognitive and emotional-communication. Using confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL software, 110 questionnaire items (all three questionnaires) were entered into confirmatory factor analysis. The final research model was approved with fitting indices and standard coefficients. The results of standard coefficients indicate that of the six main skills in evaluating the performance of Nedaja training officers; Metacognitive skills with standard coefficient (3.37) and knowledge skills (2.22) are the most important skills in evaluating the performance of Nedaja training officers, respectively.

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the factors affecting the financial security of entrepreneurial jobs in higher education of the university with emphasis on start-up companies in the field of maritime tourism. The research method is applied in terms of practical purpose and in terms of how to collect data from descriptive survey research. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of the study includes experts, experts and activists in the field of entrepreneurship in Iran. Therefore, due to the unlimited number of communities in Aari, the selection of the statistical sample has been determined using Karajsi and Morgan and in a simple random way to 384 people. After summarizing the questionnaire related to the respondents, the research data is located in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics and with SPS software softwares. SPSS23 and Smart PLS software were analyzed. In general, the results of the present research hypotheses showed that it has a significant effect on environmental and organizational factors on the financing of entrepreneurial jobs in the university's higher education with emphasis. For start-ups based on production and water tourism, however, given that the results of the present study showed that intra-organizational and extra-organizational (environmental) factors affect the supply of funds and financing the funds required for the maritime entrepreneurial business sector. This research, in turn, has helped the higher education sector in universities and higher education institutions of the country to take the most effective steps to promote entrepreneurship by using the introduced central factors and strategies.

Defense technology foresight is one of the characteristics of successful countries in the field of defense. Looking to the future of defense and paying attention to the future of defense infrastructure is one of the requirements of strategic documents and long-term plans in the field of defense. Therefore, lack of awareness of the future of naval defense will cause surprises in the face of naval defense threats. Iran is a naval country and needs a truly outstanding navy, and therefore it is necessary to gain a good understanding of the future of naval defense in order to create superiority in the field of naval defense and protection of maritime borders.Faced with uncertainties and ambiguities in the threats facing the future navy and attention to the technologies affecting the naval defense of Horizon 1414, the present study, using the opinion of experts, and in several stages of a questionnaire, to examine threat technologies. The opportunities facing the Islamic Republic of Iran in the field of naval defense up to the horizon of 1414, as well as identifying the characteristics, capabilities and capabilities of the Navy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the face of these threats. The sea, as a strategic resource, has a special place in the future of the national power of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the realization of the strategic capabilities of the sea in the direction of national power is an issue that must be considered.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between transformational leadership style and exchange of educational managers with employee involvement in the work (Case study: Bandar Abbas Navy). The research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population includes all managers and employees of the Navy of Bandar Abbas, the total number of which was 2600 people, of which 335 people were selected as a sample population using the Morgan table using a simple random method. Research tools include rewritten questionnaires of transformational leadership and engagement. The results of the analysis showed that all research hypotheses were confirmed to show that there is a significant relationship between transformational leadership styles and managerial exchange with staff involvement in work in the Bandar Abbas Navy. The results also showed that there is a greater correlation between transformational leadership style and employee involvement in work than exchange leadership style with employee involvement in the Navy, the Islamic Republic of Iran at work. The general conclusion is that managers are better to use more transformational leadership style to increase efficiency and productivity and increase employee involvement in work in the Bandar Abbas Navy.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between transformational leadership style and exchange of educational managers with employee involvement in the work (Case study: Bandar Abbas.