مجله فیض
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 6 (پیاپی 116، بهمن و اسفند 1399)

L-carnitine, as an endogenous compound, has paradoxical effects on seizures. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acute administration of L-carnitine alone or combination with sodium valproate on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced myoclonic and tonic seizure thresholds in mice.

In this study, 64 male NMRI mice (25-30 g) were divided into 8 groups (8 animals in each group). Normal saline (as solvent), L-carnitine (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg), sodium valproate (50 and 150 mg/kg) and combination of the ineffective doses of L-carnitine/sodium valproate (100.50 mg/kg) were administered by gavage. L-carnitine and sodium valproate were administrated 4 and 2 hours before seizure induction, respectively. Intravenous infusion of PTZ was used to induce seizure induction. All data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) via SPSS version 21.0 software.

The results showed that L-carnitine at doses of 150 and 200 mg/kg significantly increased the threshold of myoclonic and tonic seizures compared to the control group (P<0.01). Also, combination of the L-carnitine/sodium valproate significantly increased the threshold for tonic seizures compared to the ineffective dose of sodium valproate (P=0.007).

 The results of this study showed that acute administration of L-carnitine increases the threshold of myoclonic and tonic seizures. Co-administration of L-carnitine with sodium valproate significantly increases the threshold for tonic seizures, also. This may be due to changes in the metabolism of sodium valproate.

Histone acetylation and deacetylation play an important role in transcription and gene expression. The acetylation status of histones and non-histone proteins is determined by histone acetyl-transferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) induce various molecular and extracellular effects, leading to potent anti-cancer activities. The current study was designed to investigate the effect of valproic acid) VPA( on extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, cell viability, and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma PLC/PRF5 cell line.

The hepatocellular carcinoma PLC/PRF5 was cultured. When cells approximately became 80% confluent, 3×105 cells were seeded into 96 and 24‑well plates. After 24 h, the medium was replaced with the medium contains VPA (except control groups which were treated with DMSO). After 24, 48, and 72 h, to determine cell viability, cell apoptosis and gene expression, MTT assay, flow cytometry and Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) were done respectively.

VPA inhibited cell viability, induced apoptosis, decreased Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL and increased DR4, DR5, FAS, FAS-L, TRAIL, BAX, BAK and APAF1 significantly.

It seems that VPA can play its role through intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma PLC/PRF5 cell line.

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases of old age. This study aimed to compare the effect of Ai Chi and Tai Chi training on physical Function, functional balance, and fear of falling of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

30 male patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided to experimental groups 1 and 2. Ai Chi and Tai Chi training program was performed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and 60 minutes per session under the supervision of the researcher. To measure patientschr('39') physical function variables used the WOMAC questionnaire, take a stand-up test, sit for 30 seconds and get up from a chair, take a 40-meter brisk walk test and take a step-up test to assess functional balance, and fear of falling was assessed by FES-I questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using analysis of covariance at the level of 5% error, using version 22 of SPSS software.

The results showed that intragroup changes in physical Function, functional balance, and fear of falling after eight weeks of training were significant in the Ai Chi and Tai Chi groups (P≤0.001). However, the results showed a significant difference only in the fear of falling between the two groups (P=0.003) and the mean score of patients in Ai chi group was significantly higher.

In general, this study shows that Ai Chi and Tai Chi training, at least in the short term, can significantly improve the physical Function, functional balance and fear of falling of patients with osteoarthritis and therefore these treatments, are considered safe exercising methods alongside other treatments, and are recommended for osteoarthritis.

Altered scapular posture and alteration of cervicobrachial muscle recruitment patterns are reported as potential risk factors for neck pain. Changes in scapular and clavicle during scapular disorders can potentially affect cervical spine biomechanics by altering axillary scapular muscle tension. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of active scapular training on pain, disability, neck range of motion and the scapular alignment in people with chronic neck pain.

In this clinical trial study, 24 eligible patients were selected and randomly divided into two equal groups of 12, active scapular training and control groups. Pain, disability, neck range of motion, and scapular rotation indices were measured before and after the same procedure by visual analogue scale, Neck Disability Index Questionnaire, MyoMotion 3D, and Caliper, respectively. Data were analyzed using Repeated Measures ANOVA and paired t-test in SPSS version 19, at a significance level of 0.05.

Significant decrease in pain (P=0.001) and disability (P=0.001) and significant increase in neck range of motion (P=0.001) and scapular downward rotation index (P=0.027) were observed in the intervention group compared to the control group.

The findings of this study support the hypothesis that returning the scapular to normal and focusing exercise on it may reduce pain and disability and increase range of motion in people with chronic neck pain.

One of the rare but complicating consequences of laparoscopic surgery is port site hernia, while leaving the fascia open in the site of less than 10mm port is generally accepted. It still remains a debate whether to close the site of 10 mm ports or leave the fascia open. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of port site hernia following laparoscopic colorectal resections.

between 2014 to 2016, files of all of the patients who had undergone laparoscopic colorectal resection in Shiraz Faghihi Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic data (age, sex and BMI) were extracted from the database. Then patient’s file was also reviewed for the kind of resection, port configuration, recovery issues, port site fascia closure and incidence of port site hernia post operatively. Gathered data were entered to SPSS database using descriptive (frequency, dispersion and central tendency indices) and analytic (independent t test and chi square) statistics using version 20 of this software.

Files of 325 patients (184 male) with mean age of 56.41±14.09 (interval: 25-94) years old and mean BMI of 24.05±5.56 Kg/m2 were reviewed. 205 patients (63.1%) were rectal cancer and the rest of them were colon cancer cases. During study no case of port site hernia was detected and the prevalence of port site hernia was zero during one year follow up.

this study showed that not closing the fascia at the site of 10 mm ports was a safe practice and was not related to postoperative port site hernia.

CTRP-3 is a relatively new anti-inflammatory adipokines that is involved in the metabolism of the body, liver and adipose tissue. However, effects of spinning exercise and stationary bike on serum level of CTRP3 and body fat percentage have not been understood.

In this quasi-experimental study, forty-five obese and overweight women with body mass indexes above 25 kg/m2 were divided into three groups of 15 people: control, spinning exercise and stationary bike. Subjects performed the exercises for 6 weeks and three sessions each week. The Spinning exercise group Includes pedaling a bicycle with music and stationary bike group performed the exercise individually by pedaling on a stationary bike. Blood sampling and measurement of body composition indices were analyzed 24 hours before and 48 hours after last training session. In addition, intra group changes was performed using dependent t-test, for between group changes covariance analysis was used after determining pre assumption tests, then to locate the differences LSD follow-up test at a significant level (P<0.05) was performed.

Serum CTRP-3 levels increased significantly about 28% in spinning group (P=0.012) and about 20% in stationary bike group (P=0.021) while body fat percentage decreased 6% in spinning group (P=0.001) and 4% in stationary bike group (P=0.001) after 6 weeks. There were significant differences between two studied groups in serum levels of CTRP-3 (P=0.015) and body fat percentage (P=0.001). Changes were not significant in control group.

It seems that spinning and stationary bike training effective strategies in preventing metabolic diseases through increasing CTRP-3, the anti-inflammatory marker, can be involved in bodychr('39')s metabolism, liver and adipose tissue.

Irisin is expressed from Fndc5 protein in muscle cells and affects obesity and energy metabolism by converting white fat to brown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of combined exercises on irisin levels and relationship between serum glucose in overweight men.

This semi experimental study was performed using a pre-test and post-test design, twenty two overweight young men (body mass index=28.67± 0.96 and age = 31.50±2.23) were selected and divided randomly into the two experimental groups: combined exercises (n=11) and control (n = 11). Combined exercise protocol (aerobic with of 65-85% of maximum heart rate and resistance with 50% of 1RM) was for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week blood samples were taken from the subjects 24 and 48 hours before and after the research project to measure the serum level of irisin and glucose. Data were analyzed by t-test and Pearson correlations test.

The results of the study showed that irisin levels decreased following 8 weeks of training intervention but this decrease was not significant (P=0.14), and serum glucose did not decrease significantly after 8 weeks of training (P>0.05). Pearson correlation coefficient did not show a significant relationship between irisin and serum glucose levels (P>0.05).

Combined exercise is one of the exercise methods to lose weight and achieve fitness in overweight people, which by converting white adipose to brown adipose to increase energy metabolism which helps overweight people.

The health of patients with weakened immune systems is endangered by presenting of bacteria and fungi in the internal units of hospital as well as development of nosocomial infections in them. The current article aimed to investigate the bacterial and fungal contamination degree in internal units and outdoor of the hospital in which some points are mainly considered such as the nosocomial infections and the discussion of improving the quality of hospital spaces and providing appropriate conditions to maintain the health of patients.

This study is a cross sectional study conducted in Kashan Beheshti hospital in 2018. Air sampling is done by direct bacterial sampler (Quick Take 30) along with identification of type and the number of fungi and bacterial colonies including 180 samples from internal units and outdoor spaces. Data was analyzed statistically by SPSS 22, EXCELL and BONFERRONI test.

The obtained results from 180 samples showed that bacterial and fungal contamination among 180 samples was 97% and 47.8%, respectively. Also, the most bacterial and fungal contamination presented in medical units and outdoors, respectively.

The results revealed that the micro-organism concentration in internal units is more than in outdoors that results can be related with the presence of the patients, air conditioning and inappropriate cleaning. For this reason, improving sanitation standards and setting the appropriate air-conditioning are suggested in internal units of the hospital.

Brain injury and depression negatively affects quality of life (QoL). In contrast, psychological flexibility (PF) has a positive impact on depression and QoL. This study aimed to explain the mediating role of PF in the relationship between depression after brain injury and QoL.

This descriptive study was conducted in 2018 at Kargarnejad hospital in Kashan. Seventy patients with major depressive disorder were selected by randomized sampling method among the brain injury patients in Beheshti Hospital. They completed Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II), and Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Data analysis was performed using Pearson Correlation and Hierarchical Multiple Regression.

Pearson correlation matrix revealed a significant relationship between each pair of variables (Ps<0.001) and Hierarchical Multiple Regression showed that PF and depression predict the QoL. Also, the result showed PF partially mediate the relationship between depression severity and QoL in both physical (standardized β = -0.308; t=-2.311; P<0.05) and mental (standardized β=-0.422; t=-3.427; P<0.05) components. Sobel test confirmed the role of the QoL in both physical (Z=2.203; P<0.05) and mental (Z=3.102; P<0.05) components.

In this population, the QoL can be predicted based on the severity of depression and the degree of PF. PF plays a more important role in this regard and by promoting it, the negative effect of depression on QoL can be reduced.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease involving small and large joints. In addition to physical problems and physical disabilities, this disease has social and psychological consequences such as depression, anxiety and lack of a purposeful life. This study aimed to compare the emotional components, chronic fatigue and sleep quality in healthy individuals and patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

In this case-control study, 40 patients with rheumatoid arthritis referred to the office of rheumatologists in Kashan and 40 healthy individuals were purposefully selected. The research instruments included the Anxiety, Stress, Depression (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale), Chronic Fatigue Scale and Pittsburg Sleep quality index questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22 with Mann-Whitney U test and independent t-test.

The results showed that the level of emotional components and chronic fatigue in the rheumatoid arthritis group was significantly higher than the healthy group (P<0.001) and the rheumatoid arthritis group had a lower quality of sleep (higher score) than the healthy group (P<0.001), also.

According to the findings of the present study, it can be said that the rate of anxiety, depression, stress and chronic fatigue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are high and have low sleep quality, also. Given that many joint pains may be of non-organic origin in these patients, it is recommended to pay more attention to the psychological aspects of these patients and their treatment.

Moral sensitivity as the foundation of ethics in nursing creates a context in which nurses can provide effective and ethical care for their patients. This study aimed to investigate the moral sensitivity of nurses and its relationship with some of their demographic characteristics.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 350 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences, using the stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using the moral sensitivity questionnaire and were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics such as independent-sample T-Test, pearson correlation and ANOVA at the significance level of 0.05.

The average moral sensitivity of nurses (68.12±6.08) was moderate. The highest score was in the dimension of "awareness of interpersonal communication" and the lowest score was in the dimension of "experience of moral problems and conflicts". The total score of moral sensitivity and the dimensions of "knowledge of interpersonal communication" and "expression of benevolence" showed a positive and significant relationship with age, nurseschr('39') work experience and history of participating in workshops related to ethics.

The results of the present study showed that the moral sensitivity of nurses is moderate. Also, participating in ethics workshops is effective on the level of moral sensitivity. Therefore, it is suggested that holding workshops related to moral sensitivity be given more attention, especially for novice nurses.

The survival of cells after the difficult process of cryopreservation and warming is possible only by using appropriate methods of cryopreservation and the use of appropriate cryoprotective agents (CPAs). This article is a review of some of the research that has been done on cryoprotectants in ovarian vitrification.

To conduct this review study, first Pubmed, Scopus, and Embase databases, were researched, with the keywords of cryoprotectant and vitrification. In this study, in addition to introducing some common methods of ovarian cryopreservation, the combination of protective factors against intracellular, extracellular, polymeric, and natural cryopreservation was investigated.

For vitrification of ovarian tissue from intracellular types of CPAs such as ethylene glycol (EG), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycerol, propylene glycol, acetamide, and formamide and non-cellular CPAs such as serum proteins, sugar, Polymers are used. Each of these materials has a special efficiency and performance and is generally used in frozen solutions to minimize the damaging effects of the formation of ice crystals both at the intracellular and intra-tissue level.

It seems that more comprehensive research is needed on the best protective compound against cryopreservation so that in addition to maintaining the morphological parameters of the ovary, a variety of functional parameters of this tissue are also preserved after cryopreservation.