پژوهشنامه جغرافیای انتظامی
پیاپی 32 (زمستان 1399)

Stealing is a form of misconduct with social and economic contexts that has a great impact on reducing the sense of social security of citizens. Currently, the increasing rate of thefts in North Khorasan Province has become an issue and concern in the minds of social and security thinkers and thinkers. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between theft damages and the feeling of fear and insecurity of the citizens of North Khorasan province has been investigated. The present study is of a quantitative type. Data were obtained through survey and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information. The statistical population of the study includes all citizens of North Khorasan province. The statistical sample was obtained based on Cochran's formula (384). Sampling was performed by stratified proportional method. Data obtained from the distribution and collection of questionnaires were entered in SPSS software and Pearson torque correlation coefficient was used to test the hypotheses. According to the results of Pearson correlation coefficient, all research hypotheses were confirmed with confidence (0.99) and error level less than (0.01) and between financial, human and prestige losses due to theft with fear and insecurity. Citizens have a significant relationship (0.252), (0.279) and (0.248), respectively. In summary, there is a significant relationship between the damage caused by theft and the fear and insecurity of the citizens of North Khorasan; Losses of life more than other damages reduce the social security of citizens, followed by financial and prestige losses, respectively.

Today, one of the main priorities in the field of urban design is to pay attention to crime prevention through environmental design and its implementation in space and urban design. With this approach, urban space will improve urban quality, increase satisfaction and improve the welfare of society. In a society that is the bedrock of the formation of identity, culture and behavior of individuals, paying attention to sociological factors leads to understanding the roots of an event and its accurate understanding at different levels. From this perspective, this study, considering the spread of crime, has examined the issue of crime prevention with a sociological approach and relying on the concept of generational rupture in the design of urban environment. The present study is a quantitative research and the data were obtained through survey. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information. The statistical population of the study includes all citizens of the main street of Rajai Shahr, Karaj, whose statistical sample was obtained based on Cochran's formula (360). Sampling by stratified method according to the volume, implementation and data obtained from the distribution and collection of questionnaires were entered into the SPSS software; Image-based analysis method was multivariate regression test and semantic differentiation technique. According to the results, attention to the components obtained from the research, in the sociological dimension (identifying immigrants to metropolitan areas, determining the reason for migration and preparing profiles of immigrants, special attention to urban design based on generational rupture and its effect on emotional rupture, especially in youth) The physical design of the environment (controlling access, maintaining territory and providing adequate lighting) will reduce crime in urban space design and, consequently, create a safe city.

Geotourism is a branch of ecotourism that emphasizes the tourist value of terrestrial surface systems in line with the values of human geography. For this reason, over the past two decades, various studies and methods have been developed to identify, prioritize, and evaluate geomorphoses in various mountainous, coastal, karstic, desert, and other areas. This study aims to present and develop a comprehensive management model, to study the comprehensive dimensions of geotourism knowledge from identification, evaluation to sustainable management. In this regard, special emphasis is placed on security considerations due to the importance of guaranteeing the implementation of the geotourism management model. To the extent that if the infrastructure conditions and patterns of behavior of the natives are exploited for exploitation, in the absence of security, economic and cultural development cannot be expected from the management of geotourism. The present paper seeks to explore the study and implementation of security issues in the process of compiling and implementing the management model of geotourism in the desert and desert areas of Maranjab with the help of field and office studies. The results showed that before adjusting the components of natural and human management of Maranjab area, it is necessary to first compile the components and challenges of order and security management in this area, including the required measures (operational security, human security ...) and the implementer of this important (armed forces The Islamic Republic of Iran studied the city of Aran and Bidgol.

One of the most basic human needs are providing security and has a deep connection with the flourishing and growth of political systems and governments. Among the factors affecting security, respect and observance of customs at local, regional or national levels of society; If issues such as ridicule and insult, humiliation of public beliefs, lack of attention to elders and popular symbols, custom, etc., social issues are subject to severe security changes. On the other hand, social problems, if left unresolved, can quickly transform into political or security crises, threatening the integrity of a social system and creating many social costs for society. Issues such as feelings of insecurity among citizens, disruption of their daily lives, weakening of social cohesion and polarization of society, increasing conflict and violent behaviors, declining trust among social actors, etc. are among the most important social security costs of social issues. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of not paying attention to the customs of ethnic groups on the security of social phenomena. The type of development-applied research, its method is descriptive-analytical and the research data has been collected in the form of documents and field and its analysis method has been mixed. Common aspects of religious sources, upstream documents, security schools, psychological and sociological theories, and interviews with thinkers were used to achieve the framework. Findings show that lack of respect for the customs and traditions of the people in society have a direct impact on the security of social phenomena.

Security is a prerequisite for community survival, which it depends on its existence meeting other collective needs. However, the rapid expansion and unorganized growth of cities has diminished residents' sense of security. Accordingly, the purpose of the present research is measurement of economic, social and physical variables on the sense of resident’s security in the Hashtgerd New Town. This research is a developmental one and its method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of research is Hashtgerd New Town in 2016. Sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula with a coefficient of 1.5. The sample size is 378 people. Random and cluster sampling was used. Pearson correlation test, multivariate regression and path analysis model and SPSS software were used for data analysis. The Pearson test results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the two variables of security sense and urban spaces (physical indices) with % 99 confidence and error level less than % 1. There is also a significant relationship between the two variables of security sense and social indices with % 95 confidence and error level less than %5. The results of the path analysis show that The direct, indirect and total impact coefficients of physical variables were %29, %12 and %41, respectively. The direct, indirect and total impact coefficients of social surveillance were % 30, %42 and %12, respectively. Also, the direct and indirect impact coefficients of economic variables were % -25 and % -53, respectively Population density, space form and employment have negative effects and patterns of activities and uses, social surveillance and citizen identity have positive effects on sense of security based on regression analysis.

In human societies environmental hazards such as floods, earthquakes and droughts are influential factors and considered as major disasters. Always iran and especially the border areas in Khuzestan region are at risk of flood due to inadequate distribution of rainfall in terms of spatial and temporal distribution, intensity and volume of rainfall, lack of vegetation, lack of dams and numerous problems. The main purpose of this study is to assess and zoning the vulnerability of places and checkpoints of border units of Khuzestan province from flood risk and identify desirable points in this regard. In this research, after identifying the effective factors in the occurrence of floods in Khuzestan region, information layers were created in GIS environment and then using fuzzy and hierarchical analysis methods, existing layers, standardization and based on overlap models, the final flood map in Khuzestan province it was prepared. To access digital information, topographic maps with scale (1: 50000) of the Geographical Organization of the Armed Forces and land use map with scale (100000: 1) of the Forests and Rangelands Organization have been used. The results of assessing the vulnerability of border areas to flood risk showed that in the northern part of the border (from Doviraj to Talaieh) among the border sites in the region, (5) border points in the area with very low vulnerability, (15) points of Places in the area with low vulnerability, (11) points of places in the area with medium vulnerability, (2) points of places in the area with high vulnerability and (1) points of places in the area with very high vulnerability in terms of flood risk. In the southern part of the border (from Talaieh to the mouth of Arvand River) among the existing border places, (12) points of border places in the area with high vulnerability, (15) points of places in the area with high vulnerability, (6) points of places in the area With moderate vulnerability, (1) points of places are in the area of ​​low vulnerability and (1) point of places are in the area of ​​very low vulnerability in terms of flood risk.