نشریه اصول بهداشت روانی
سال بیست و دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 97، خرداد و تیر 1399)

Spirituality therapy means considering peoples spiritual beliefs in the therapy process, which guides them towards transcendental source. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of spirituality-based group counseling on purpose in life and personal growth in girls with divorced parents.

In this clinical trial conducted in 2018, 20 girl students of divorced families in Karaj city selected through convenience sampling method and randomly were assigned in the experimental and control groups (10 individuals per each group). Ryff Psychological Wellbeing Questionnaire was used to collect data. The experimental group received spirituality-based group interventions on purpose in life and personal growth for 8 sessions (2 hours per session). At the end of interventions, post-test was administered for the both groups. Analysis of covariance test was used to analyze data by applying SPSS Software program (v. 23). 

The results showed that spirituality-based group counseling had a significant effect on purpose in life and personal growth in girls of divorced families (p < 0.05).

According to the findings, it seems that spiritual intervention is effective to increase purpose in life and personal growth in girls of divorced families. So, spirituality therapy can be used as a primary and/or add-on therapy to increases of psychological well-being in adolescents of divorced families.

Considering the increasing rate of single-child families, this study aimed to compare social skills between children of single-child families with multiple-children families.

This descriptive-analytical study conducted in 2016 among primary schools in Gorgan. The participants included 336 children aged 9-12 years. They were selected through cluster sampling method. Gersham and Elliott's social skills questionnaire was completed by parents and teachers. The data analyzed by SPSS software, t-test, and ANOVA statistics.

In this study, 366 children aged 9 to 12 years (150 girls and 216 boys) were entered. Among these children, 163 were single-child, and 203 of them had at least one sibling. Social skills in the teacher's special form showed a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). The mean score of behavioral problems and academic adequacy in both parent and teacher forms did not differ significantly between the two groups. Children who had parents with higher educational degrees and employed mothers received higher scores in educational adequacy.

Based on the findings, that scores of social skills are higher in children of multi-children families than single children. Children who had high-educated parents have higher educational adequacy and less behavioral problems than their peers with low-educated parents.

Cancer patients often face uncontrollable stress, and their efforts to control their stress are very challenging. The present study aimed to investigate stress coping strategies in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

The statistical community of this cross-sectional study with an analytical approach study consisted of all cancer patients referred to the chemotherapy unit of Gorgan 5th Azar Educational and Medical Center during 2018-19. Amongst them, 96 patients were selected randomly. The research instrument included a demographic checklist and Stress Coping Strategy Questionnaire (Endler and Parker). The collected data were entered into SPSS software (v. 16) and analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical tests.

In this study, breast cancer was the most common cancer among the participants (051%). Based on the scores, the task-oriented coping strategy, the avoidance-oriented coping strategy, and the emotion-oriented coping strategy received high to low scores, respectively. The relationship between the duration of cancer and the emotion-oriented (P=0.026) and the avoidance-oriented strategies (P=0.006) was significant. The relationship between the type of cancer with an emotion-oriented coping style was significant (P= 0.037).

Based on the findings, the relationship between the duration of cancer and emotion-oriented and avoidance-oriented strategies was significant. So, the lowest scores in both strategies were related to the duration longer than three years.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sensory processing styles based on the Dunn model, the deficit in executive functions, and the moderating role of personality traits.

The statistical population of this descriptive-correlation study included all students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in the academic year 2019-20. Among them, 426 students from different fields were selected by convenient sampling method. Data were collected using the Neo-Form Short Personality Questionnaire (NEO-FFI), Adolescent and Adult Sensory Processing Profile (AASP), and the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS). Data analyzed using Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression.

The findings showed that sensory processing styles, low recording (p < /em><0.001), and sensory sensitivity (p < /em><0.01) predict positive and significant performance deficit. Among the personality traits, neuroticism (p < /em><0.01) and extraversion (p < /em><0.01) predict deficit in executive functions significantly. The feature of extraversion modulates the relationship between low sensory recording and deficit in executive functions. It should be noted that low recording sensory processing style with extraversion personality trait predict 48% of the variance of deficit in executive actions.

Based on the findings of this study, deficit in executive functions can be predicted based on the Dunn modeling sensory processing styles of the model, and personality traits, especially the factor of extraversion, play a decisive role in strengthening this relationship.

Maintaining the health of family as the most important basic social entity promotes social health. In this regard, this research was conducted to determine the share of sexual knowledge and attitude in predicting sexual intimacy and satisfaction in couples.

The statistical population of this correlational study includes all couples living in Kermanshah city in 2015 who aged 20 to 40 years and married for at least two years. The sample size included 67 couples selected by the multi-stage clustering method. To collect data the sexual knowledge and attitude scale, Bagarozi's sexual intimacy questionnaire, and sexual satisfaction index were used. Data analyzed through SPSS software, descriptive (mean and standard deviation), and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis).

The results showed a positive and significant relationship between sexual knowledge and attitude toward sexual intimacy and satisfaction (P≤0.01). However, multiple regression analyses showed that sexual knowledge, despite its correlation with sexual intimacy and satisfaction, cannot predict them, but sexual attitude can be an adequate predictor of sexual intimacy and satisfaction.

It seems that couples with higher levels of sexual knowledge and sexual attitude have more sexual intimacy and sexual satisfaction.

Lynch’s model is a new transdiagnostic model that explains the development of internalizing disorders. The present study has examined essential parts of this model regarding social phobia as an internalizing disorder. 

In this study, 521 students were recruited from three universities (Tehran University, Shahed University, and Islamic Azad University-Tehran Medical Branch) in the academic year of 2015-2016 using the convenience sampling method. They responded to the Social Phobia Inventory, Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (maladjusted perfectionism subscales), Ambivalence over Expression of emotion Questionnaire, Social Safeness and Pleasure Scale and the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems. Data analyzed through structural equation modeling, SPSS-22, and AMOS-22 software. 

The model showed good fit ( : 2.9, RMSEA: 0.06, CFI: 0.98, GFI: 0.98, AGFI: 0.96). According to the results, over-controlling coping style (including over-perfectionism, emotional ambivalence, interpersonal problems and lack of social safeness) mediates the relationship between parental perfectionism and social phobia (indirect effect of parental perfectionism on social phobia via over controlling: 0.35, p < /em>< 0.001). 

It seems that Lynch’s transdiagnostic model for internalizing disorders got support regarding social phobia. Accordingly, the parental maladaptive perfectionism leads to an over-controlling coping style. This coping style, in turn, leads to social phobia.

Emotional competence is considered as one of the most important factors related to academic learning. Students' experiences of emotional competence are very important and should be considered. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and describe the experience of emotional learning competencies in PhD students in psychology.

The study was performed with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. Twenty-five students were selected by purposeful sampling and interviewed at the university where they were studying during the academic year of 2017-2018. The data were written and analyzed using van Mann's combined phenomenology method.

The results of the analysis were about two hundred and fifty initial codes, which finally appeared in six themes: recognizing your emotions, managing and controlling your emotions, proper interpersonal relationships, paying attention to the emotions of others, and so on. Empathy, social status, and balance in cognition and excitement. A number of sub-themes also described these themes.

Recognizing self-emotions was one of the main components of this experience. With their emotional management, the students tried to learn better. The educational department of the university and the professors of psychology can use these findings to improve the students’ experience of emotional competences in learning.

The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of group schema therapy and group-based acceptance and commitment therapy on emotion regulation strategies in substance abusers.

The statistical population of this study was all men with substance abuse in Mashhad city in 2018. The samples included 60 substance abusers who were selected purposefully and assigned into 3 groups including schema therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy and control. The both experimental groups received 10 ninety interventional sessions. All participants completed emotion regulation questionnaire (Gratz and Roemer, 2004) in pretest, posttest and 3-months follow up. Data analyzed through descriptive statistics, Kolmogrov-Smirnov test, covariance analysis, and SPSS software.

The results showed that both experimental groups showed a significant reduction in maladaptive strategies of emotional regulation and increase in adaptive strategies compared to the control group. The difference between the three groups was significant in the post-test phase (F= 8.119; P<0.001) and 3-month follow-up (F= 0.907; P<0.002).

It seems that schema therapy is more effective than acceptance and commitment therapy to reduce maladaptive strategies of emotional regulation in substance abusers. This effectiveness was maintained at the follow-up stage.