فصلنامه راهبرد اجتماعی فرهنگی
پیاپی 37 (زمستان 1399)

This study aims at investigating the role of ideological programs of the Vesal satellite network in religion conversion among the citizens of Khuzestan and working out some scientific and practical strategies to control or reduce the effects of this phenomenon in this province. The statistical population of the study was selected through cluster sampling from the citizens of some cities of Khuzestan Province including Susangerd, Hamidyeh, Ahvaz, Shawar, and Shoosh and the snowflake sampling method was adopted for selecting 161citizens, as an accessible sample size, who had gained convert to Wahhabism. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant inverse relation between the use of the ideological programs of  Vesal Satellite Network and the preservation of Shi’i identity, that is, the more the time allocated to watching ideological programs of Vesal Satellite Network, the less the adherence and attachment of the individuals to their Shi’i identity and the more tendency towards Wahhabism.

This paper aims at sociologically studying and analyzing the intergenerational changes in educational and religious reference groups in Kermanshah the city. It was carried out through a survey method and using a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study includes all the citizens of this city with an age range of 15 years or more and according to the 2017 census it was 855,523. On the basis of Cochran's formula and using cluster random sampling, 575 people were then selected as the sample and the statistical analyses were performed through SPSS software. Findings showed that the age, income, tendency towards modernity, change of religious rites and rituals, migration, and use of mass media had a significant relationship with the educational reference group. Also, the age, level of education, amount of income, change of religious rituals, and use of mass media had a significant relationship with the religious reference group. The results of regression analysis also showed that the two variables of religious rites and tendency towards modernity could explain 0.25 of the changes related to the religious reference group and 0.31 of the changes of the educational reference group.

Discourse analysis is an interdisciplinary approach that can be explained in the fields of linguistics, political science, cultural relations, international relations, soft power, and etc. This approach includes two different attitudes: the first one specifically deals with linguistics and intralingual studies; and the second one, which is the focus of this study, examines the extra-linguistic factors including culture and cultural geography. Through soft power towards implementing the policy of cultural induction, language and literature become the means of hidden power relations because each country tries to pursue its own cultural interests through specific policies of cultural influence on the culture of the target country and its cultural transformation. Furthermore, one of the most important cultural policies to influence other cultures is teaching language and literature and this goal is achieved in two ways. In the first way, the relation between the transcendent culture (domineering) and the audience of the sublime culture (domineered, obedient) is usually made by the preachers and introducers of the former through preaching and explaining that culture along with its intellectual and cultural attractions. In the second way, the linguistic domination and cultural influence are created and strengthened through teaching language and literature in different levels, depths, and to a wide target audience; accordingly, cultural diplomacy is achieved through the soft power of teaching language and literature. Using a documentary method and a descriptive-analytical approach, this research seeks to answer the basic questions of how the soft power of Persian language teaching is analyzed and, consequently, where Persian literature stands in the strategic relations of cultural diplomacy, and how it is evaluated.
One of the most important achievements of this research can be the impact of teaching Persian language and literature in the form of showing historical, civilizational, religious, and linguistic commonalities through explaining the discourse analysis of the common cultural-historical contexts, especially in geo culture (cultural geography) and presenting a strategy for cultural diplomacy.

This study aims at presenting a model for evaluating the effectiveness of implementing the Five-Year Development Plan Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Social Security Organization. As a combined method, quantitative methods (fuzzy inference system) and qualitative methods (interviews to determine fuzzy rules) have been used in different stages so that the implemented policies could be adequately evaluated. The statistical population of the study included the managers of the Social Security Organization and university professors who were selected through the purposive sampling method. The theoretical framework used to evaluate the effectiveness of the policies implemented in this organization was a combination of the two models of Matland and Hill and Hope. The results of the study showed that the level of conflict and ambiguity in the policies of the Social Security Organization was relatively high and the highest weaknesses were in terms of evaluation and accuracy in formulating the policies in this organization. The results of the dependence between the variables and the if-then rules indicate that if there are so many contradictions and ambiguities in the policies, if the level of using influence tools (use of force in the implementation of the policy), exchanging (use of bargaining and market-oriented view), and persuasion (cultural mechanisms) is too much, the policies will get ineffective. However, the final output of the Matland model indicated that due to the fuzzy nature of the model, the policies stood between the two functions of high and medium membership which shows low level of effectiveness.

The study of sexual harassment of disabled women is one of the topics that have so far received little empirical attention. Therefore, the present study has been conducted to investigate the social factors bringing about disabled women’s sexual harassment in Mazandaran province. The theoretical framework of the research was based on the theory of routine activities and the theory of lifestyle. It was mainly aimed at investigating the causal relationship between disabled women's sexual harassment and the variables of suitable targets, the presence of a powerful protector, and lifestyle. The adopted research method was causal and a researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection and the validity of the theoretical construct was used for determining the validity of the indicators. The research population consisted of all the women and girls with disabilities in Mazandaran province. According to the cultural differences and geographical location of Mazandaran, it was divided into four points namely Sari, Babol, Behshahr, and Noor and a simple cluster random sampling method was used to determine the sample size. A total of 9417 women with disabilities living in these cities were selected as the statistical population. The sample size according to the sampling error at 95% confidence level included 369 people from the statistical population. Since there is always the possibility of some questionnaires having been distorted by the respondents, 400 questionnaires were distributed among the respondents, and after discarding the distorted ones, 343 questionnaires were finally analyzed. On the basis of the research hypotheses, it seems that there is a relationship between disabled women’sverbal sexual harassment and the target vulnerability, the presence of a powerful protector, and their lifestyle. The results of inferential statistics indicated that the lifestyle with a beta value of 0.489 and a positive and direct influence had the greatest effect on the respondents’ verbal sexual harassment The second variable in terms of the influence was the suitable target variable with a beta value of 0.170 and a positive and direct effect on the respondents’ verbal sexual harassment. However, the presence of a powerful protector with a beta value of 0.101 and a significance level of 0.093 did not have a significant effect on the respondents’ verbal sexual harassment. The findings were consistent with the theoretical approaches to routine activities and lifestyle.

Kurdistan is one of the provinces with low level of theft occurrences. Considering the theories based on cultural elements and components and adopting quantitative approach and survey method, this study aimed at identifying the socio-cultural preventives of tendency towards committing theft. The statistical population of the study included the citizens, experts, law enforcement experts, and cultural affairs experts of different organizations in Sanandaj from which 265 persons were selected as the sample. The results showed that the citizens’ beliefs in religious teachings, their adherence to the teachings of the Holy Qur'an, Sharia affairs, and Halal- and -Haram;observing Islamic ethics, social control, and self-control; respecting the collective values; the rule of law; high social security in the province; high level of contentment; familialism and family orientation; patience, tolerance, and fatalism; socioeconomic homogeneity of the society ; and citizens' awareness of the crimes were among the most important preventive measures against the occurrence and/or less tendency to committing theft in Sanandaj. In sum, the results of the study indicate a high level of effectiveness of socio-cultural preventive measures against tendency towards committing theft in this region. Although the context of each issue or problem and its solutions are different, the results of this study support the effectiveness of relying on culture and its elements in reducing crimes and in establishing security in the society, especially in vulnerable ones.

This study aims at examining the relation between the tendency towards commodity smuggling and the role of cultural homogeneity in strengthening the culture of profitability and weakening the culture of work in border cities of Kermanshah the province. According to the nature of the subject and the intended objectives, the present research design is a descriptive survey research. The statistical population of the study is all the citizens who have been involved in commodity smuggling from 2019 to 2020 in the border cities of Kermanshah the province. Using Cochran's formula to determine the sample size, the acceptable number was 385 people who were selected through random selection sampling method. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the main purpose of the research. Our collected data were then analyzed through SPSS version 22 and Lisrel modeling software. According to the obtained fit indices, it was found that the developed model has a good fit. Cultural homogeneity showed a significant effect on increasing the tendency towards commodity smuggling. It means that cultural homogeneity has been able to mediate significantly between the culture of profitability and weakening the culture of work. The culture of profitability with a path coefficient of 0.68 and the cultural homogeneity between the two borders with a path coefficient of 0.71 had the highest coefficients of the influence of the path. The RMSEA index was within the standard and the model of tendency towards commodity smuggling and the culture of profitability and weakening the culture of work mediated by the cultural homogeneity between the two borders in the border cities of Kermanshah the province was fit. The highest coefficients of the influence of the path belonged to the culture of profitability (0.68), cultural homogeneity between the two borders (0.71), and weakening the culture of work (0.66). One of the practical results of this study is demonstrating the significant relation between the cultural homogeneity of the residents of the two bordering areas and the culture of profitability in these areas and how this homogeneity has brought about the tendency towards commodity smuggling in these areas. The model worked out of this study can be useful and effective in planning and implementing some educational programs and cultural preventive policies to decrease the tendency towards commodity smuggling in border areas.