نشریه جغرافیایی سرزمین
پیاپی 65 (بهار 1399)

The purpose of activating the role of productive rural development, employment creation and income for the rural environment is maintained.. Resistant housing development funds in line with goals such as housing construction, housing fits the villagers need to preserve the identity and public face of the countryside and so the villagers paid. The this research is to improve the approach to improving rural housing credits role in rural development in their Abarghan Rural District. To this end 185 of the housing and credit borrowers as samples and information about them through questionnaires and interviews were collected and the assumptions also through single-sample t -test and Spearman was to analyze to assess the effect of non-agricultural employment test is intended to demonstrate the effects of Freedman and multiple regression were used. The results show that in the area of credit and improve its ability to create jobs and increase the income of the rural population of the district, there is credit improvement and creation and consolidation activities of the population in rural areas. There is finally being studied in terms of investment, education and subsidies with the greatest impact improvements are CREDIT.

The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and applied in terms of purpose. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the resilience of district 10 of Tehran in various economic, social, managerial, physical and environmental dimensions. The results show that in terms of the impact of elements on the resilience of this region in infrastructure-physical resilience, the component of "network management, infrastructure and arterial equipment", in the social resilience dimension, component of "public participation with relevant institutions in crisis management", in the economic resilience dimension, component of "growth dynamics and economic diversity", in the institutional-management Resilience dimension, component of "public sector performance in urban resilience", in environmental resilience dimension, component of "pollution failure of urban facilities and equipment" have the first positions and it is one of the most important and effective indicators. The results also show that Karun neighborhood is known with high resilience and Soleimani neighborhood is known with low resilience.

Attachment to place and sense of belonging are closely related to the place people have. This relationship, which is also considered as an emotional relationship, is related to the memories, experiences of individuals. It facilitates collective action attachment, increases participation, and encourages investment. It also provides a good opportunity for the growth and social development of places. In fact, attachment is the factor that distinguishes places from each other. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to measure attachment in residential spaces. The research method of the present study is descriptive-analytical that the statistical population is the residents of Nasr, Aseman, Rushdi residential complexes whose sample size is obtained based on Cochran's formula of 200 people. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the studied components at 95% confidence level. The results also show that the physical variable was the only variable that could only directly affect the attachment, while social and cultural variables directly and indirectly affected the attachment variable, among which The most indirect effects were cultural variables.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects and consequences of climate change and global warming on the infrastructure of skiing in the coming years. This research is of descriptive-analytical type, which has been done through modeling and using Matlab software, in order to evaluate the possibility of holding sports in 28 active and widely used ski sites in 2030 and 2050. The scenarios examined were reliable snow level in the lower range and above 1500 meters above sea level. The results suggest that with the current trend, The effects of climate change on winter tourism may be even more severe in countries such as Germany and Austria due to the lower altitude of their ski resorts. In Austria, the current snow line will rise by 200 to 300 meters in the next 30 to 50 years with climate change. If the snow level rises from 1,200 to 1,500 meters, the number of standard ski slopes will be reduced. Also, if the level reaches more than 1,500 meters, the number of ski resorts in the Alps will be reduced to 63%, and only 44% of the ski areas can be called reliable snow.

Abstract Today, migration is one of the main problems of rural communities and empowering villagers seems to be one of the best solutions. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of individual and environmental factors of Empowerment of villagers on reverse migration and the relationship between them to the case study of Kordabad, Vian and Taherlu villages Kaboudrahang. In this regard, the present research method is descriptive-analytical with a practical purpose that has been collected by the data questionnaire tool and to analyze the data is used from Pearson correlation coefficient, step-by-step regression and variance analysis test in the form of SPSS software. In this regard, research findings have shown that there is a direct and significant relationship between individual and environmental factors with rural empowerment with the motive of reverse migration, individual and environmental empowerment factors are effective in reverse migration and that the motive for reverse migration among rural villagers Taherloo and Vian are more than the villagers of Kordabad village. Keywords: Individual and environmental factors, empowerment, reverse migration, Kordabad, Vian, Taherlo villages.

Today, in order to maintain health and physical and mental growth, giving importance to sports and physical spaces and sports places are among the most important uses in the city, which play a key role in improving the quality of life and increasing the desired living standards. Citizens are designing a stadium in line with this goal as an indoor space while instilling a sense of open and free environment for players and spectators. The stadium is actually a place, or rather a place to "watch an event"Therefore, the design of the stadium space will be closely related to the words "watching" and "happening". Designing stadiums strategically with the observance of design principles and criteria can not only have a direct and constructive effect on its hosts in terms of psychological dimension, but it also attracts more spectators, requires a very good source of income and ultimately as an added value. It is considered unique in sports affairs..According to the types of basic, theoretical, applied and scientific research, the present research is of the applied type. The research method in the present research is of the research-analytical method, which ultimately leads to design.

The metropolis of Tehran, as the capital, is facing many problems, and District Four, which is one of the most populous areas of Tehran, is currently unbalanced in terms of development among different areas. Discovering the relationship between these conditions and the situation of governance in the regions is a matter of research. The research was performed by descriptive-analytical method with survey strategy. The indicators were first obtained by Delphi method (DELPHI) and then distributed among two statistical communities of citizens and municipal managers. The results of calculations in the Geographic Information System (GIS) and spatial analysis showed that the areas that ranked better in terms of governance were better in terms of sustainable urban development (areas 1, 2 and 3) and the areas that ranked better. They were worse off in terms of good urban governance, and in terms of sustainable development, they are in a weaker position (areas 6 and 7), so there is a relationship between good urban governance and sustainable development in urban areas.