نشریه جغرافیایی سرزمین
پیاپی 53 (بهار 1396)

The impact of environmental factors on archaeological sites, depends on their geographic conditions. In this study, two cities (Darreh Shahr and Abdanan of Ilam province) were considered as geographical scope and impact of environmental factors on the destruction of archaeological sites were studied. In this research, GIS software was used for overlaying environmental factors and also TOPSIS model was used for ranking impact factors on archaeological sites. Ten environmental factors such as height, aspect, slope, rainfall, temperature, erosion class, distance from river and fault, land use and geological formations were selected as affecting factors on these sites. Results shows that rainfall, aspect and geological formations are more effective on destruction of archaeological sites. Also impact of these factors on the archaeological sites of the cities seems equal.

 This study was a descriptive analytical methodology to evaluate the factors influencing the demand for tourist attractions. Using simple random sampling without replacement can result. How to collect data, survey liberality extrusion. For data analysis, Without replacement. The results of data analysis showed a Pearson correlation coefficient between the space and have demand of urban tourism in the city of Ilam and there is a significant positive relationship. According to the test, ANOVA test a significant level (Sig) to Shakhs space in the ./630 is the city of Ilam. Therefore, no significant differences between the spatial indexes in Ilam has been reported neither by the local inhabitants, nor by the tourists. Thus, meaningful agreemwnt in between the responsible authorities. there are also The R squared corrected showed that %70 of indicators into the model changes in tourism demand within the city of Ilam moved to explanation. Results show how tourists expectations of the area is badically formed by former visits, adds, and motivation coming from others. Service quality, easy access, and well and nice treatment recieved all bear non conditional influences on the voyage's quality, tourism experience and also on their futur demand.

Gully erosion is development form of water erosion that that effects of natural and human factors of the imbalance comes. Rural Settlements and Infrastructure causes irreparable damages to be created. Purpose of this study, identified Rural settlements risk is using the fusion model fuzzy - Ahp. The total of nine natural factors that are contributing in Gully event was used in this model and Gully erosion hazard map of Rude- kar-kar river basin was developed using geographic information system and ArcGIS 10 software. Resultant data was checked by field observations and results of previous studies.Results showed that 92 villages at north and south of catchment are located in areas with very high and high risk of flood because of their topographic location. The total of 66 % of catchment area were classified in very high to high risk of gully erosion, which point out that the study area is encountering severe gully erosion hazards. In addition, application of FUZZY-AHP model and method of this resaerch is firmly recommended to be used for planning of gully hazards for human settlements at other parts of Iran.

The goal of this paper is to study the effects of Cyberspace on geographical space and to recognize Relationship use of internet with two hazards: lack of Feeling of security and distrust among a crowd of 300 people aged 15 to 25 years. To achieve these goals, at first, the effect of cyberspace on geographical space was studied using library methodsand then a structured questionnaire was usedto identify the existence or absence of relationship between the use of the Internet and the lack of feeling of security and distrust among users.After collecting data using Chi-square test and Pearson correlation test in SPSS software,efforts have been made to evaluate the relationship between the use of the Internet and the lack of feeling of security and distrust. The findings of this study suggest thatnowadaysCyberspace is influential on human behavior and relationships. For the lack of feeling of security and distrust it became clear that In general, the lack of feeling of security and distrust towards this space and other users would increase with higher rate by increment of internet use among users.

Quality of life from the 1960s into scientific discussions and objective quality of life in rural areas, rural population stabilization and equitable access to land and resources in rural areas.This research is aimed at the sustainable development of indicators of quality of life villages in the central city of the province Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Bahmaei analyze and assess.The study was descriptive survey that after studying the documents,8 village of 60 households with 987 households were studied. Sample sizeusing Cochran formula 243 questionnaires were considered heads of households.After collecting information, sorting and statistical processing in the form of descriptive and analytical inferential statistics (T test samples, Pearson correlation coefficient and cluster analysis) in software SPSS and GIS. The findings show that social indicators and cultural, economic and physical environmental factors are favorable but not in good condition and have been evaluated below average.So we can say good indicators of sustainable development in the village more levels are lower than usual and deterrent role in the process of rural development, sustainability and improved their Villagers.

The participation of women in all aspects of economic life is one of the most important factors in achieving sustainable economic development of rural areas and for that, consider as a fundamental necessity. Accordingly, this article studies the role of women entrepreneurs in rural economic development emphatically on Khoramroud rural district of Tuyserkan city. Research data have been collected by questionnaire and field studies of twenty villages of Khoramroud rural district. After that, the data have been analyzed by descriptive-analytical methodology, field survey and using of Spearman Test. Results anf findings show that the participation of entrepreneur women of Khoramroud rural district has provided the economic development of that area, increase of occupation and revenue along with growth of investment and facilities. Nevertheless, this phenomenon has not caused sustainable economic revival and enrichment with long-term economic diversification of that rural district.

Choose landfill is an important step in the management of municipal solid waste according to environmental impact, economic and ecological waste, the landfill must be done carefully and in a scientific process. . Choose a suitable place to bury garbage, requires consideration of many factors and criteria (criteria distance from the airport, distance from fault, distance from the town, away from the river, away from the city, close to land use, soil type, wind direction, distance residential areas, away from the ground and the distance of communication) is. The purpose of this study, the optimal location city landfill Ahvazba geographic information system and software application and version is Visual PROMETHEE. The type used in this article is an applied research - development and its method is descriptive and analytical. The results show the importance of considering all measures, the proposed locations for waste sanitary burial in the city of Ahvaz, East and North-East part of the city that these places are the standards to accomplish this.

Human development is about creating an environment where people can flourish their talents and potential and productive lives based on their needs and interests to build, argues. This study descriptive approach - analytical subsequently to the Human Development Index, the index of gender inequality and multidimensional poverty index in developing countries to determine and compare them. The results suggest that selected countries in terms of Human Development Index we in good condition, because only two of Pakistan and Egypt respectively 0/537 and 0/689 respectively, the index of human development in low and medium human development countries and other countries such as Turkey, Mexico, Iran and Brazil, with a Human Development Index values 0/759, 0/756, 0/749, 0/744 in countries with high human development are. In terms of gender inequality index Egypt ranked 128 index of 0/580 in the world and is located at the lowest level in selected countries. Turkey also ranks first with the 0/360 in terms of this indicator in selected countries and is ranked 69 in the world.