نشریه جغرافیایی سرزمین
پیاپی 52 (زمستان 1395)

A mosque, a place of prostration and humility and strain before the servants of God "Allah" as is, where to build a relationship with God and expressing devotion to the divinity and greatness of the Creator and small. The sanctity of the mosque, in the same Reciprocity "Abdul and divinity of the Lord" lies. This research effort designed to recognize the fundamental principles of contemporary architecture mosque in Iran. Physical concepts designed to determine the content of Islamic architecture in the mosque, meaning the origin of its structural elements were examined. So Islamic architecture and the architecture of a specific location indicator is the growth and prosperity. Therefore, we can say that the mosque design approach in terms of time and space and contemporary works are not necessarily constant signs of the past, not today is symbolic elements in the urban landscape, while in most modern mosques, as well as form and shape patterns of the past, today's reference design is. The aim of this study was to investigate sustainable architecture and specifically the use of modern technologies to design a mosque in Zahedan. The research method is descriptive - analytic case study and collect data library is done. In this study, the mosque, the quantitative and qualitative benefits of using modern technologies in design is discussed. Then climatic conditions and specific architectural expression of Zahedan in throughput. Finally, the modern technology in the design of the mosque in Zahedan be examined.

The watershed of Hassanrobat which is located in Meimeh in Isfahan province, is studied in current research in order to construct Gabion Dams. Experts suggest the location of dams' in water channels based on economical reasons as a priority for locating dam. Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation is employed to determine critical position of the dam in watershed area. All the maps of key factors divided into two groups and were entered the SMCE as limitation factors. Therefore it is needed to standardize the factors such as slope and rainfall with fuzzy model. However, other ones (vegetation, roads, villages, springs and wells) standardized by Cast method. The two remaining maps: land use and geology standardized based on experts suggestion. Eventually, weighted the factors of first group while, the second group are weighted by hierarchy in order to product of the final map that show the priorities to construct Gabion dams in the region. Obviously, natural factors affect the final choice as well as economy of the region. This study proposes mentioned location to related planners since soil erosion would significantly decrease after dam constructed.

Landslides are one of the most destructive phenomena of nature that cause damage to both property and life every year, and therefore, landslide susceptibility zonation maps are needed for future developmental activities ;Nevertheles , due to complex nature of landslides, usually,a reliable susceptibility map could not prepared by a simple method. For this reason, many procedures have been used to produce such maps. Using Anbalagan Sets to produce a landslide susceptibility map of viliage valdian aria in 1:250000 scale is the main purpose of the present study. Geology, slope angle, rainfall, earthquake and slope aspect were considered as the main landslide factors in the study area. According to produced map, about 9% of the study area is classified as very high susceptibility and about 33% as high susceptibility area. The sudy shows the high sensitivity of viliage valdian aria to slope instability.

The purpose of this evaluation research the effectiveness of structural and institutional factors influencing participation of villagers in the rural guide plans is. In terms of objective research methods applied and the method descriptive and cor relational. Statistical population in this study, 25 villages in the metropolis of Hamedan Policy In which the guide plan has been implemented, among them 10 villages were selected for sampling. Applying random sampling method and Cochran formula, 200 households were questioned. Based on the results of Pearson correlation tests with the co-efficient of 0.488, research findings show that there is a highly significant relationship between structural-institutional factors affecting participation and performance of Guidance Plans, to the extent that structural-institutional factors affecting participation explain 25% of changes attributed to dependent variable. Among the structural-institutional factors, the variable of “the role of non-governmental organizations in encouraging public participation” was 26.5% effective in implementation of Guidance plans. There was overall and direct correlation in spatial distribution of the relationship between structural-institutional factors affecting participation and performance process in Guidance Plans in six villages.

One of the problems that most cities of the world today involve the emergence and formation of the slum. Marginalization of the factors threatening the quality of life and social balance in towns considered disruptive. This phenomenon is one of the most important factors threatening the people in public spaces, fear or insecurity in places and urban spaces and vitality and health in daily life disrupted. By creating an obstacle to cultural development and public participation, high costs it imposes on society. Due to the extent of urbanization and the spread of suburbia in the cities studied this issue, its influencing factors and strategies for strengthening the feeling of social development and social security in the cities has become a necessity. Methods In this descriptive study, analysis and information gathered through extensive literature survey and questionnaire and SPSS software using Arc GIS data has been analyzed. The results indicate that the social balance, social security and the spread of suburbia inverse relationship exists and is increasing the number of marginalized social status will be more unbalanced. According to the results of research appropriate ways to improve the quality of life in marginalized areas Shiraz is presented.

Precipitation including climatic elements in the dimension of time and space changes a lot. In the study of extreme precipitation because of the devastating effect it is of great importance. The aim of this study is to identify and analyze theslope of the western regions of extreme precipitation, which is to achieve this goalprecipitation data of 69 synoptic stations and climate (province of Kerman, Kermanshah, Hamedan, Ilam, Lorestan and Kurdistan), in during the statistical period (2010-1961) were used and the annual threshold of extreme precipitation West generalized method of distributing a limit to the western regions of the country to 22 mm respectively. The extreme precipitation for each month during the period under study western regions using Mann-Kendall method identified and analyzed. and in December this increase was observed in the western half of Kermanshah province and in February this positive trend observed in the northwestern province of Kurdistan conceptual framework, these areas are consistent with the Zagros mountains.

 The aim of this study was to investigate variables affecting citizens' satisfaction with the quality of the living environment in the neighborhood is the city of Qazvin Poonak. On this basis, according to the study of literature pertaining to environmental quality, the conceptual framework consists of fifteen, have been analyzed. The type of research and development for the purpose, in terms of research methods, descriptive-analytic. A sample using Cochran formula and taking into account the assumption of a maximum of heterogeneity were calculated for the range to 120. The results show that the gender of satisfaction, pollution, social security in neighborhood vitality of the built environment and regulatory framework governing the relationship is significant. In the study area between educational level and economic satisfaction with the level of satisfaction with the quality of the living environment has a direct relationship, Due to the size of the neighborhood, because it can be looked at individual differences related to socio-economic characteristics. It should be noted that the level of education and economic satisfaction in perceived quality is remarkably effective in Qazvin Poonak neighborhood. Keyword: Environmental quality of life, satisfaction, individual variables, Poonak neighborhood, Qazvin