نشریه جغرافیایی سرزمین
پیاپی 30 (تابستان 1390)

This present article begins with a basic inquiry about "what relationship there isbetween common areas established in Parand new city and identity forming and thesense of belonging to a place and the spaces full of social life.In fact, this article is searching for determining the role, the type and the degree ofthe relationship between common areas and identity in Parand new city meanwhile itsmain purpose is recognizing the degree of the relationship between common areas andidentity and the sense of belonging to a place.Results obtained from studies show that there is a meaningful relationship betweencommon areas as an independent variable and the identity of Parand new city as adependent variable in this research. That is, the higher is the degree of the mentionedindependent variable in the aimed community (Parand new city), the more would bethe identification and their sense of belonging to Parand new city.

All cities and civil spaces may be subject to tear and wear in content and/orfunctions like most of human being products and due to the passing of time andclimatic situations and different accidents. One of the basic problems of historicalcities with special nature and identity is nice attention to renovation and betterment ofhistorical contents and generally interfere in old culture of it.It is for many years that specialists and professionals of civil problems and personsin charge of Isfahan city are involved in betterment and renovation of old culture ofcity accompanied with different guidelines. The current situation of old nature ofIsfahan is a good reaction of the mentioned guidelines.The most important and major goal of interfering functions are for betterment andrenovation of historical culture and planning for returning this collection to its lifechain. The survival of the content is based upon its activity and cooperation in currentlife scale in city. Therefore it is the only way for renovation of historical contents ofcity and planning it with historical ways with Tourism base attitude and guarantees thefurther success. It is possible and so much effective in attraction and activation ofTourism in a historical city like Isfahan.The real object of this thesis is to consider historical, cultural and tourism abilitiesof Isfahan city in attraction of tourists.

Flood is amongphenomenon which bring about considerable damage each year.This has been attractedgreatly by hydrologists. The factors such as physiography,geomorphology and human factors can accelerate this phenomenon in basins. Forusing water source, flood management, damming, watershed management and themost basic hydrologic studies, peak discharge is important, so accuracy of studies andthe safeties’ level of the hydraulic structures and establishments are independent to it.In this research potential flood Zilaki and Firehrud drainage basins were studied byusing of SCS method and finally were compared together. So BasinHydrographdimensions calculated by using of 24 hour rainfall, time of concentration, CurveNumber, rainfall excess, time to peak and peak discharge.Then was designHydrograph for basins in 2,5,10,25,50,100 period time Results show, because ofphysiography of Firehrud basin, It has more ability for making flood than Zilaki basin.

Duo to the status quo and capability of eradication with respect to lithology,pedology and topography, the northern part of Khoroslu region has but an extremepotential of gully erosion regarding to mass movements such as slip, slide, etc. for itsunstable soil. Because of Soil erosion and degradation in this region a large amount ofcultivatable soil is in danger. Nevertheless it is of great significance to study andscrutinize the important factors in creation and development of gullies in the region.In evaluating the origin and features of gully creation and development the role oftopographic and morphogenesis elements is regarded. According to examinations onthe studied region, slope, height, difference and existing materials have been known asthe most important factors in gully creation and development. In this research 29active gullies regarding geomorphologic features are selected. Length, depth, widthand height of the gullies as well as the height of their slope is determined and the dataare analyzed by means of Excel Spss software. The result shows that 0.1% of thechanges in gullies is because of changes in length which compared to the heightchanges is less effective. So the increase in height raises the slope and the congestionof soil then the development of gullies is reduced. Finally the long and deep gullies inhigher slope areas are less common compared to lower slope.

This paper aims at studying the outcome and experience of Indigenous clusters indevelopment of local networks, with emphasis on Garmeh and Shib Deraz villages inIran. In the course of this research, both qualitative and quantitative techniques havebeen employed. 14 interviews were conducted with active members of the indigenouscluster. The data from interviews were used to qualitatively analyze the motivations offorming the Indigenous cluster; the strengths and weaknesses, problems of members,and viewpoints of local people of Grameh and Shibderaz villages were identified.Questionnaires were distributed to collate relevant data. Out of 200 questionnairesadministered, 159 were perfectly filled by eligible respondent. Researcher had traveledthree times to Garmeh village in Isfahan province and several times to Shib Derazvillage in Qeshm Island. Familiarity with these two villages and leveled interactionwith the Indigenous people increase accuracy of response from the questionnaires andinvolvement of participants.The result from both sides of the study indicates that local accommodation causesan improvement in the livelihood of local sect. The result also shows that politicalprocess and economic policies on ecotourism development in Iran needs a brace up.Effective policies should be promulgated to provide the real needs of ecotourism basedon the sustainable development. Also, government through constructive ideas canattract the participation of Indigenous investors to make suitable Infrastructure forecotourism development.

Constructing new towns are done to the aim of spatial structure, optimum use ofnatural sources, limiting the dimensions of population centralization in towns and landlogistic in biology system in the country. For removing the centralization andabsorbing the surplus of the population of large cities with some millions populationssuch as Tehran and Mashhad, preventing the irregular development in large cities,making economical and social development balance and controlling the migrationmovements, constructing new towns has been known as the best choice, Andisheh newtown has accommodation and services performance, and among the four new towns ofTehran (Andished, Hashtgerd, Pardis and Parand) is the only town which could attactthe population more than the expected number in the plan for year 2006. However, thiscity, the same as the other new towns in Iran, has performed weak in urban sustainabledevelopment.

Lahijan's pool, in its east side, is located near Sheytankouh that grounds around itis under this research.Pool phenomenon with the assist of around topography andground steep and by utilizing city historical and cultural caused in physicaldeveloping, then it extended its effective ray on the around environment. Thisinfluence in addition to the form of environment, is glittered in social layers; after thatit created a unique space that we can illustrate: affecting on old city model (inharmonictransforming checker to ray), influencing on ground price, ecologic separation,accumulating the space of housing and traditional application, poverty of educationaland governmental therapeutic services, … .In this research, we try by utilizing GISsoftware and making questionnaires of citizens, show aforementioned subjects andassess the spatial improving approaches in Lahijan.

This article studying informal habitation and formation of informal settlements inAzadshahr City (Gholam Tape Bazi district). After studying the necessary variantscontained in the questionnaires completed by 187 heads of family residing in informalsettlements of Gholam Tape district. It is argued that the cause of this problematicphenomenon is uncontrolled immigration on one side, and financial problems, absenceof unified and coordinated management in solving financial problems and also theabsence of unified and coordinated management of immigration and settlement issueson the other side. Data analysis carried out by factor analysis method and the use of"SPSS" software load the social and economic indicators as the first and secondpriorities, hygienic - environmental and anatomical – physical indicators as the thirdand the fourth priorities, servicing and managerial indicators as the fifth and sixthpriorities for Improvement and Organization of Gholam Tape Bazi district. At theend, proportionate to the research finding, appropriate strategies are proposed.