مجله علوم پیراپزشکی و بهداشت نظامی
سال پانزدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 37، پاییز 1399)

Today, due to the increased drug resistance of bacteria to common antibiotics, it is important to find new antimicrobials with easy access, natural and with fewer side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pecanum harmala ethanolic extract on the activity of some standard bacteria in vitro.

After collecting the plants and confirming their scientific name, Pecanum harmala extract was extracted by Soxhlet extractor distillation method and different concentrations of the extract were prepared. Then Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) extracts of standard bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined by dilution in broth and well propagation in agar. The above test has been repeated 5 times to decrease the test error. Data analyses were performed using SPSS software version 18

The results showed that Pecanum harmala ethanolic extract inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria compared to gram-negative bacteria in high concentrations.

The results of this study show that Pecanum harmala can be considered as a group of medicinal plants with antibacterial properties. After evaluating their effects in vivo and identifying the active ingredients, it can be used as an alternative to conventional chemical drugs in used to treat infections.

Proliferation has long been the main source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in tissue repair , cell therapy and tissue engineering strategies. On the other hand, regular exercise as part of a person’s daily routine may help manage pathological conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem cell injection and aerobic exercise on the expression of β-catenin and GSK-3β gene in the heart tissue of mice
in an experimental model of knee osteoarthritis.

For this purpose, 35 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 250-300 gr were divided into 5 groups (7 heads in each group) : 1) control-healthy, 2) controlpatient, 3) saline, 4) MSCs and 5) exercise + MSCs. The OA model (osteoarthritis) was induced initially. Bone marrow cells were then collected for grouping to use MSCs from the femur and tibia. After culturing in the laboratory, 1000000 per kg body weight were prepared for each mouse. During the recovery period, cells were injected as a single injection at the site of induction. The 4-week training program was implemented progressively in accordance with the principle of overload. Laboratory analysis of β-catenin and GSK-3β gene levels in cardiac tissue was determined using special commercial kits by real-time PCR. Data analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance.

Induction of the OA model in rats resulted in a significant increase in the β-catenin gene. Moreover, it caused a significant decrease in the GSK3β gene of heart tissue compared to the healthy control group in addition, MSCs and exercise + MSCs resulted in a decrease in the β–catenin gene as well as an increase in the GSK3β gene of heart tissue compared to the patient group. The changes in the MSCs group were not significant lonely; however, they were significant in the exercise+ MSCs group.
Discussion and

Stem cell injection had little effect on β-catenin and GSK-3β genes in heart tissue. However, aerobic exercise after stem cell injection in osteoarthritis rats was able to make significant changes in β-catenin and GSK-3β genes created heart tissue. Therefore, stem cell injection combined with aerobic exercise may prevent cardiovascular disease in the experimental model of osteoarthritis by inhibiting wnt/β-catenin signaling in the heart.

The purpose of laboratory test quality control establishment is to ensure the daily stability of the test system. Considering the defined principles guarantees laboratory performance improvement and patients’ confidence in the results of their tests. This study was conducted to survey laboratory test quality control establishment in public and private medical laboratories in Hamedan province.

In this cross-sectional and retrospective study, data of 184 laboratories (117 private and 67 public) was entered to SPSS software version 16 based on the quality system of medical laboratory evaluating check list, available in the reference laboratory of Hamadan province from 2016 to 2019. Data were analyzed using nonparametric equation of Kruskal-Wallis test by comparing the significance level of P-value <0.05.

The highest percentage of non-conformities belonged to the quality control records index with an average of %23.88 (P-value = 0.002). Mean of laboratory test quality control onconformities were %31.72 and %18.81 in public and private laboratories respectively which were not significantly different from each other. However, there was a significant difference in comparison of each of them with all laboratories in Hamadan province (P-value = 0.031 and 0.041).
Discussion and

The assessment of 6 indicators during 4 years showed that private laboratories had better performance than public laboratories in term of laboratory test quality control establishment.

Operating room crises, such as malignant hyperthermia or unexpected bleeding, are rare; however, they are serious threats to the patient’s life in these critical situations. According to global statistics, 234 million surgeries are performed annually in the world. At least 3 million of them are faced the crises in the operating room. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of readiness for dealing with critical situations in the operating room of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital as a trauma center in Kermanshah in 2018.

This study was performed as a descriptive-analytical study. The study population included members of the surgical teams of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital’s operating room (anesthesiologist, technician of anesthesia, surgeon and surgeon assistant) and sampling method was the census. After receiving the letter from Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences and the School of Paramedical Sciences, the researcher distributed the standard questionnaire of surveying the readiness of the surgical team in the face of operating room crises among the members of the surgical team. After collecting the questionnaires, the data was analyzed using SPSS software version 22.

The number of participants was 40 members of the surgical team. The interpretation of the data showed that the readiness of the surgical team in the operating room of Taleghani hospital is in very good level for controlling and managing fire crises, asystole and cardiac arrest (VF or VT). On the other hand, the level of readiness and awareness of the surgical team is at a low level to control air embolism crises, anaphylactic shock and malignant hyperthermia.
Discussion and

The results of the present study show that the surgical team’s readiness against air embolism crisis, anaphylactic shock and malignant hyperthermia is at a low level. In addition the awareness of the surgical team to control this crisis is low. Thus, educational interventions are essential to increase awareness of the surgical team for controlling and managing these crises.

Organizational commitment issue is one of the most significant motivation factors. These issues have been currently developed in psychological studies and they have an important position in the researches. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the correlation between organizational commitment of emergency medical services staff and care quality of pre-hospital in chaharmahal and bakhtyari province.

This was an analytical, cross-sectional, and practical study in which 113 emergency medical service staff and 217 patients were randomly selected from nurses hospital wards. Data was collected through two standard questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using correlation tests and one-way ANOVA by SPSS software version 18.

According to the results of this study, normative commitment was statistically associated with the quality of services (P = 0.05, r =0.52). Furthermore, there are significant positive relationship between the continuance commitment and reliability (P = 0.02, r = 0.52).
Discussion and

Considering the correlation of normative and continuance commitments with some dimensions of the quality of hospital services, it seems that planning and action towards improvement of these commitments may lead to high-quality services.

The exact cause of most autoimmune diseases is still unknown; however, several factors play a role in causing or exacerbating autoimmune reactions. In addition to environmental factors such as bacterial, parasitic, fungal and viral infections, factors such as genetic characteristics and lifestyle are also included. Infections caused by viruses usually trigger a strong immune response that is essential to control the infection. However, in some cases, failure to regulate this immune response may lead to destructive immune reactions against host antigens. The present article discusses about mechanisms that viral infections and the path way that immune system responds to those infections. In addition, the present article review data related to ncidence of viral infections in development or exacerbation of autoimmune diseases.
Methods and Materials: This review article has been performed by searching in international databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar as well as Persian databases such as SID and Magiran.

Epidemiological studies on humans as well as experimental studies on animals have shown that viral infections can cause autoimmune damage depending on various factors including genetic characteristics, host immune responses, type of virus strain, viral load, and time of onset of infection. They can induce or protect against its occurrence. However, limited data are available to describe the apparent interaction between the virus and the immune system to induce immune reactions.
Discussion and

Available data indicates that autoimmunity derived from viral infections can be activated through a number of mechanisms including molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, bystander activation, and immortalization of infected B cells. Protective effects can be achieved through overlooking autoimmune responses that were suppressed autoimmune events. Therefore, it is essential to have a better understanding of immune-related molecular processes in autoimmunity arises from viral infections.

Job satisfaction has an effective concept for expressing employees’ assessment of the conditions in the workplace and its consequences. The Health Information department is considered as the most important reference for obtaining information related to patients, how to treat them, how to manage and perform staff in hospitals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effective factors on job satisfaction of health information management
staff.
Methods and Materials: This review article has been performed by searching Job Satisfaction, Hospitals, and Health Information Department keywords in domestic scientific databases such as Magiran and SID, and foreign databases such as: OVID, PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar searching engine.

The results showed that factors such as the incidence of various diseases and subsequent long absences, fixed, non-rotating and strict leadership, manager intervention in correcting the mistakes of the department staff and the uniformity and non-rotation of jobs have a great impact on reducing job satisfaction of health information staff.
 Discussion and

Increasing the job satisfaction of health information staff is very important because this issue can improve patients quality of health care and increase confidence in meeting health related needs. The findings of this study provide examples of work supervision and health information department manager support for department staff. These supervisions and protections must be specific, and if they are public, they can reduce job satisfaction.

During the outbreak of infectious diseases, pregnant women and their fetuses are more at risk than other populations. The results of some studies indicate that some viral diseases cause unwanted complications in pregnant women and their fetuses and infants. The present study aimed to investigate the symptoms of coronavirus and its possible effects on pregnant women and their newborns.

This review article has performed by searching Covid19, Corona, Neonates, Pregnancy, and Pregnant women keywords in various data bases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus and searching the Central Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) website.

In Covid19 epidemic, pregnant women are more susceptible to infection due to changes in the body system. According to the literatures, pregnant women are at higher risk of severe Covid disease and mortality than non-pregnant women. In addition, pregnant women with Covid19 may be at higher risk for other side effects such as preterm delivery (giving birth earlier than 37 weeks). Furthermore, newborns of pregnant mothers, who are infected with Covid19, will be infected with Covid19 if they are in contact with infected respiratory secretions of their mother or caregivers. The symptoms are milder or sometimes they are asymptomatic. The possibility of vertical transmission of the disease in the mother’s womb is also low.
Discussion and

Due to the increased risk of pregnancy complications in pregnant women infected with Covid19, it is recommended that health organizations and officials pay special attention to the implementation of care and support protocols in the case of pregnant women and their babies before and after delivery.