نشریه مطالعات عمران شهری
پیاپی 12 (بهار 1399)

The construction of residential complexes to provide urban housing is inevitable due to the growing population. However, how to build these complexes and coordinate them with the psyche, emotions, and identity of individuals, and consequently, ensuring life quality are more important factors that have not received much attention from relevant authorities. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the role of architecture in improving the quality of life with an emphasis on environmental psychology in residential complexes by descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of the study consists of residents of residential complexes in Ilam, of which 383 people are selected by cluster random sampling. It should be noted that sample size is determined using the Cochran's formula. The research questionnaire has been confirmed through content validity and Cronbach's alpha reliability of higher than 0.7. Data analysis is performed using one-sample t-test, correlation and multiple regression in SPSS software. Findings indicate that the level of life quality in residential complexes is moderate (3.38) and the architecture of these residential complexes does not meet the standards (2.32). There is also a significant relationship between demographic variables (gender, age, marital status, education and income) with the quality of life of residential complexes. In addition, there exists a significant relationship between the components of standard architecture (location, land, built area, design, and construction technology) and improving the quality of life of residential complexes. Finally, it is found that the components of construction technology, education and marital status explain 44% of changes in the dependent variable.

The issue of spatial belonging is one of the concepts that are of great importance among the residents of informal settlements. This is because not addressing the components affecting the persuasion of the sense of belonging among citizens of these settlements, followed by improvident migration and social harms such as depression emphasizes the necessity of paying more attention to the sense of belonging. Accordingly, the present study aims to assess the importance of spatial belonging components. The research method is descriptive-analytical and it is developmental-applied in nature. The required data are collected through library and field studies. The statistical population of the study includes 35,000 people, and the sample size is estimated to be 380 according to the Cochran’s formula. SPSS software and Pearson and Friedman tests are used to analyze the data. The results of Friedman test show that the priority of the importance of spatial belonging components for residents of Hokmabad neighborhood of Tabriz is as follows: environmental quality index is ranked first, with social belonging and spatial identity placed next. The results of Pearson analysis also show that there is a positive correlation between the components of "social belonging and environmental quality", "environmental quality and spatial identity" and "social belonging and spatial identity", but not statically significant.

Many road pavement maintenance projects are carried out at very high costs. Accordingly, the present study aims to provide a software model for prioritizing road pavement improvement projects using fuzzy hierarchical analysis. The criteria selected in this study include route length, current condition of the road, transverse slope, road drainage, traffic volume, traffic composition, route width and whether it is two-way or one-way. There are about 18 selected streets in Aq Qala city. After entering the criteria and options, improvement prioritization is done for pavement projects using hierarchical analysis method. The results indicate that North Khomeini Street is in the first priority and Esteghlal Street is in the last priority of improvement. Then, they are weighted according to the selected criteria, which are of quantitative and qualitative type, experts’ opinion, and pairwise comparisons. The results show that the current road condition criterion has the highest weight and the transverse slope criterion has the least importance. The criteria are divided into two descriptive-analytical and spatial categories, and their discrepancy rate is 0.03 and 0.02, respectively. The overall discrepancy rate is 0.03, which is less than the allowable limit.

The usual mathematical methods are based on certain scales, while the urban form does not have a certain scale due to its various aspects. The city has a concept related to scales within it, where distribution can be seen without the pattern of different scales. Accordingly, the description of the city's characteristics should be based on specific scales. Fractal geometry is one of the most powerful tools for scale analysis in cities, leading to the emergence of fractal cities. However, how to understand fractal on an urban scale is under question. Using the inference of fractal logic and ideas, this paper discusses fractals and fractal dimensions on an urban scale. Fractal dimensions have been studied in the historical neighborhood of Khamachilar in Khoy city. The main block one in the fractal formula is 1.26. The main block two in the fractal formula is 1.32. The main block two is more fractal than the main block one. In fact, one of the main tasks in scientific research is to create these patterns. Determining the fractal dimensions of blocks is one way to achieve these patterns. According to the studies performed in both blocks one and two, according to the counting, box, and self-similarity methods, block one has a higher degree of filling than block two. Block two is more complex than block one and block one is more uniform than block two.

The rapid growth of urbanization in recent decades, especially in developing countries, has severely affected and threatened the urban landscape. Cities today are adorned with ugly forms due to the breadth and complexity of needs and the use of unfamiliar solutions, and the chaos and turmoil in the landscape of cities has increased as such. The present study is descriptivesurvey conducted through documentary studies. A researcher-made questionnaire has been used to collect the necessary information about the variables. The statistical population of the study is Ilami citizens and the statistical sample size is determined by Cochran method (Morgan sampling), turning out to be 384 people. By attending Taleghani Street, 384 questionnaires are distributed among pedestrians who want to answer the questionnaire. The collected data is then analyzed using SPSS software. Aesthetic indicators in walls include two objective (sky line, ground line, building line, wall background, height control, console, etc.) and subjective categories (proximity, continuity, fit, simplicity and symmetry, color, form, order and etc.). Findings show that aesthetic elements affect the urban landscape of Ilam from the perspective of Ilami citizens. Also, the impact of objective and subjective elements on the urban landscape of the area is 29% and 33%, respectively.

One of the phenomena of today's world is the aging of the population. Iran is currently experiencing the stage of transition of the age structure of the population from youth to adulthood and elderly. Although the elderly population has a small share of the Iranian population, but the rapid pace of declining fertility in Iran over the past two decades, the growth rate of the elderly population compared to the growth of the whole country, and prediction of an increase in the number of elderly population in the coming years emphasize forward-looking planning to control issues related to this group of the population. Given that this group, as a special group, has its own special needs, it is necessary to adapt settlements, especially cities, to these needs. Accordingly, the present study aims to investigate the aging status of the urban population of Khuzestan province. The research method is a combination of descriptiveanalytical, documentary, library and secondary analysis methods. The results show that out of 27 cities in the province, 22 cities have femininity elderly (predominantly elderly population of women), 4 cities have masculinity elderly (predominantly elderly population of men), and in Lali city, the number of elderly men and women is equal. The highest number of elderly is observed in Behbahan with 6.23% of the population (the oldest city in the province) and the lowest number of elderly is observed in Karun (the youngest city in the province). The highest number of elderly women lives in Aghajari with 57.66 percent and the highest number of elderly men lives in Indika with 53.13 percent. According to the UN three-level index, out of 27 cities in the province, 9 cities are young (including Karun with 3.32, Hamidiyeh with 3.42, Hoveyzeh with 3.48, Mahshahr with 3.51, Bavi with 3.55, Omidieh with 3.36, Shadegan with 3.67, Dasht Azadegan 3.76, Baghmalek 3.89%), 17 cities are adults (including Ramshir city with 4.12, Ramhormoz city with 4.22, Shoush with 4.26, Khorramshahr with 4.37, Izeh with 4.37, Ahvaz with 4.38, Abadan with 4.5, Shushtar with 4.66, Gotvand with 4.8, Andimeshk with 4.94, Hindijan with 05.04, Dezful with 5.14, Aghajari with 5.31, Haftkol with 31. 5, Lali with 5.33, Indika with 5.49 and Masjed Soleiman with 5.54 percent), and one city is old (Behbahan with 6.23).