نشریه مدیریت راهبردی در سیستم های صنعتی
پیاپی 55 (بهار 1400)

Technical and economic evaluation is a completely scientific way of being able to comment on the economics of risk response strategies. The purpose of this study is to analys the economic feasibility of the risk mitigation strategy proposed by the unit managers taking into account the requirements, standards and constraints of the gas refinery. By calculation the total stop losses of the refinery unit showed that it was found that its amount is staggering, anf if even a part of the relevant costs erosion course of the system can be reduced, large profit can be made for the company. In this study, the financial process of risk reduction strategies, In the form of numerical differences obtained before and after risk correction measures and The effectiveness of corrective actions over ten years was analyzed using techniques the net present value (NPV) and return on capital investment (IRR). The results of the economic analysis showed six risk reduction strategies showed, the financial process resulting from the implementation of risk reduction strategies in the unit to prevent accident or stop the unit, is positive and greater than zero. According Using advanced methods for investment analysis, it is possible to calculate the economics and increase the profitability of the risk reduction strategy.

In today's competitive environment, production productivity is a very important and key issue. However, all department of the production unit are interdependent. Rapid response to customer needs, diversity, reliability and cost of equipment and machinery due to the widespread limitations in production resources to be competitive and gain market share in conditions of uncertainty, is needed to make management decisions from Use an integrated format that incorporates important elements. Accordingly, in this study, the integration of three important areas in manufacturing companies has been addressed. These areas include production planning, maintenance, and manpower planning. In this way, a mathematical model with the aim of optimal use of labor and increasing production volume is presented. In this model of workers' experience, machine utilization rate and machine failure rate are expressed uncertainly and with fuzzy numbers. To solveing this model, the ants meta-innovation algorithm has been used. Numerical results obtained from the implementation in an industrial company show that the algorithm used can provide answers with the least possible error in a reasonable time. Sensitivity analysis also shows that the failure rate of the machine before and after repairs and maintenance has a great impact on the value of the objective function of the mathematical model.

The purpose of this research was investigating the impact of closed-loop strategic orientation on performance by explaining mediating role of green supply chain management in Iran Khodro Company. The type of research is descriptive-correlative research that is done through survey method. Statistical population of research is the managers and experts of Iran Khodro Company, that they were 3050 persons. The sample size was 342 persons throught using the Krejcie and Morgan table. The sampling method was simple random sampling method.Main tool of this research is a questionnaire that it`s validity is obtained by using panel of experts and masters in the industrial management field. The reliability of the questionnaire is done through pre-test and it is confirmed. Structural equation model is used for analyzing of data by Spss and Lisrel softwares. Hypotheses were investigated by structural equation model and was seen that closed-loop strategic orientation with path coefficients of 0.60, 0.43, 0.27, and 0.59 had a positive and significant effect on environmental performance variables, positive economic performance, negative economic performance, and green supply chain management practices, respectively. Green supply chain management measures with path coefficients of 0.55, 0.41 and 0.37 have positive and significant effects on environmental performance, positive economic performance and negative economic performance, respectively. The Sobel test results also indicate the mediating role of green supply chain management measures in the relationship between closed-loop strategic orientation variables with environmental performance variables, positive economic performance, negative economic performance.

The purpose of this study is to provide a model in determining the impact of block-chain technology on supply chain performance in the automobile industry using a fuzzy inference system design. In terms of purpose, this research is considered as applied research. The statistical population is the managers of three automobile industrial companies in Iran, including IranKhodro, Saipa, and ModiranKhodro. The statistical sample size of 36 people was selected by a combination of two methods Nonprobability sampling (Judgmental) and Snowball sampling. Using library and field studies, the factors and sub-factors of the research have been selected. After library studies, seventeen sub-criteria in three main criteria of attenuating, amplifier, and possibility were identified as a conceptual model. After Gaussian fuzzy, 125 rules are set, based on experts' opinions. According to the results, if the changes in the attenuating interval are more than 0.5, it will reduce the performance, and if it is less than 0.5, it will not have much effect on the performance. If the changes in the amplifier and possibility intervals are less than 0,5, it creates a moderate level of change in performance. And if greater than 0.5, it will increase performance output. To validate and ensure its efficiency, Extreme Condition test has been used. The results of test for three SUB-FIS and all the designed FIS, showed reasonable behavior towards the limit’s values of the inputs, which indicates the validity of the designed model and that means the system has good accuracy and validity of the evaluation.

In this research the researcher thought to identify the most important factors resulting projects. This research is an exploratory research which tried to identify these factors using the opinions of experts and managers and experts' industry international trade and managers of companies engaged in industrial project in the province of Zanjan the purpose of this research is to use applied research. In order to implement the research future structural analysis technique was used in this research. In this research the sample selected for participation in the Delphi group, experts and managers and experts in industry and international trade, managers of companies involved in exploiting industrial projects in Zanjan province, 23 respondents as Delphi group responded to the research questionnaires. The result showed that the first effective factor resulting from the sanctions in delaying the use of industrial designs is the increase in the cost of finished products. Also, the increase of the exchange rate in Iran from production to import and export. Also, the limitation of the expansion of LC is another factor affecting the cost products of finished products. Also, the limitation factor in currency transfer is very important in delaying the operation of industrial projects, since foreign purchases and import of industrial goods require currency exchange, and the lack of transfer of currency to the country causes delays in the exploitation of industrial designs

Although there is general agreement on the effect of sanctions on production, so far no model has been proposed for production that meets the conditions of the sanctions. In this research, a model of production resilience in critical shocks was presented. The approach of this research is qualitative and in terms of practical and developmental purpose and in terms of method, descriptive-exploratory and data theory. In accordance with the data theory method of the foundation, semi-structured interviews were conducted with production experts (studied by Saipa Automotive Group) and continued until the theoretical saturation based on the snowball technique. After counting 1131 key phrases, 841 first level code, 165 second level code and 79 concepts in open coding stage, 37 categories in axial coding and finally paradigm model in selective coding stage were obtained. The results of the research include causal, contextual, intervening conditions and consequences, specific and most important strategies for acting on factors such as placing the vision of resistance economy in the position of strategy, production appropriate to regional-provincial ecology, implementation of internalization instead of outsourcing, changing intellectual paradigms. Internalization and extraversion, the establishment of a training center for jihadi leaders and the establishment of a center for the accumulation of technical-industrial knowledge in the country are considered as the most important factors in creating resilience.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the antecedents and consequences of green supply chain and prioritize green supply chain antecedents.The statistical population in the qualitative section was 167 documentary articles which were finally selected to 23 articles related to the subject and in the quantitative section 5 companies in the selected parts manufacturing industry were selected as experts by available sampling method. Data were analyzed using Barroso and Sandlowski's seven steps in the meta-combination and the best-worst method in the quantitative part using MaxQuoda, Excel, SPS and Lingo software. Green supply chain precedents in 3 categories (organizational factors, cultural factors and environmental factors) and 8 central codes (management factors, human resource capability, organizational financial policies, promotion of green culture, activities of environmental activists, technology and knowledge, government, Customers and market) And 37 open source, green supply chain implications in 3 categories (economic implications, social implications and environmental implications) and 6 core codes (direct financial benefits, indirect financial benefits, organizational benefits, human health protection, pollution control, Resource protection) and 20 open sources code was extracted. Prioritization of antecedents, respectively, managerial factors 0.167, organizational financial policies 0.152, government 0.147, technology and knowledge 0.145, manpower capability 0.130, customers and market 0.114, promotion of green culture 0.101 and the activity of environmental activists was presented as 0.044. It was concluded that the parts manufacturing industries should implement the green supply chain management process by supporting organizational factors in economic, social and environmental dimensions as well as addressing cultural and environmental issues.

The main purpose of this study is to identify the components affecting HSE risks using Delphi technique in Dorahan Transmission Lines Gas Company. To achieve this goal, data were collected in two phases (qualitative and quantitative) using a Mix method approach. At first, due to the research literature, some of the components were identified through structured and semi-structured interviews with 11 academic managers and experts who were selected by theoretical sampling method. 11 panelists (academic and practical fields) after three rounds agreed on the components affecting HSE risks in the qualitative section using the Delphi method and the research model was presented; and the validity of the qualitative part was also confirmed by Kendall's coefficient of concordance (k = 0.89). Data analysis performed at both descriptive and inferential levels (Friedman) in the quantitative part through SPSS 22 software. Panelists were identified the key elements of HSE risks in the form of 77 key concepts and 3 main criteria including safety (42), health (15) and environmental components (20) which the highest Friedman score is related to the "safety" criterion with a value of 2.82 and the lowest score is related to the "health" criterion with a score of 1.27; accordingly, it can be concluded that if more organizations pay attention to safety, in addition to physical health, it also affects the mental health of employees and by reducing the cost and time, it prevents costs incurred by the worker and employer.

To achieve agile manufacturing in any manufacturing industry, needed to measure agility in that industry. The purpose of article is to identify and explain the main factors for measuring agility in the automotive industry as the most important non-oil industry. This research is an applied research in terms of purpose and a mixed qualitative-quantitative research in terms of method. The statistical population of the research in qualitative section is the academics and the automotive industry managers, and in the quantitative section is the experts of the mentioned industry. The method of collecting information has been through a questionnaire. In the qualitative section, First, by researching related articles by meta-synthesis method, 89 sources were selected and 27 criteria for measuring agility were identified. Then the criteria were generalized to the automotive industry by surveying 16 experts using fuzzy Delphi method. Then these criteria were categorized into 4 general clusters of agility drivers, agility enablers, agility strategies and agility capabilities using cognitive mapping method and with the help of 5 industry and university experts. In the quantitative part, by distributing questionnaires and surveys of 286 experts in the automotive industry, the extracted factors were validated by confirmatory factor analysis. These factors and criteria can be a good tool for managers of manufacturing industries to assess and gap analysis of the agility of their organizations. Agility enablers, agility strategies and agility capabilities measure the current level of agility of the organization and agility drivers measure the level of agility required by the organization.

The need for product innovation is necessary to compete in the domestic and global markets. On the other hand, the importance of new product development, as one of the revenues generating areas for companies and the country as well as identification of the necessary factors and contexts for creating innovation capabilities has become a strategic requirement in the knowledge-based industries. In this article, we strived to identify the factors affecting the creation and strengthening of product innovation capabilities, while the relationship model between these factors is evaluated and proposed, which are the drivers of product innovation. For this purpose, we first investigated meta-analysis model among 52 effective international researches in the field of product innovation, among which 15 researches were selected. Then, the identified drivers were classified into six factors. The status of research variables was assessed through distribution of a carefully designed questionnaire among 250 people of the knowledge-based companies include employees, senior managers and middle managers. Their responses were analysed using structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis and regression correlation test to prove the proposed research model. The Findings showed that three components of innovation culture, intra-organizational communication and knowledge management have an effect on product innovation in knowledge-based organizations, while three components of external communication, organizational structure, and intellectual capital have no effect.

Despite all the consequences in recent years in the field of staff exploitation and the growth of systemic thinking, if this process is done, it will not satisfy the organization by using its other performance and feedback on the results. This study investigates the pathology of the causes of non-successful and practical testing at Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. For an effective and extensive study, a qualitative study with a foundation data approach is used. Sample study with the participation of twenty managers of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences with at least three years of management experience, which has been selected in a purposeful and snowball method, starting and ending with data saturation and observing the confidentiality of information and the possibility of leaving the study at any time Were willing,Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed based on Strauss-Corbin coding method. Based on the findings of this study, disregard for priorities was identified as a central category of pathology in the process of employee performance appraisal and the effect of this neglect in relation to adverse organizational culture (reduced employee motivation and lack of positive interactions within the group), negative appraisal performance. Performance (unfairness of the process, impact of factional political forces on the process and adverse consequences of performance appraisal) and lack of meritocracy (lack of attention to innovation, lack of attention to employee needs and lack of recognition of employee competencies)This study emphasizes the importance of educational interventions in the performance appraisal process of employees and

Limitations of drinking water resources, the country's dry and water shortage, population growth and demand, improper water consumption in recent decades and unbalanced temporal and spatial distribution of water resources are very important. The need to change the methods of managing drinking water demand and anticipate new demands has increased by analyzing the Effective factors water consumption. The purpose of this article is to provide a model for prioritizing water consumption management strategies in the home sector. Information was collected through library research in this field and interviews with water industry experts. Then, by sampling snowballs to form a Delphi panel with a fuzzy approach, the factors that were more comprehensive were identified that finally They agreed 7 main factors economic, social, cultural, technical and engineering, legal and managerial, Place and Time with 26 effective sub-criteria. To evaluate the degree of importance and relationship between factors and prioritization of sub-criteria using fuzzy DANP technique. The results showed that the main factor technical and engineering factors with the degree of importance (0.144), time (0.790) and cultural (0.040) as an effective have a significant impact on water consumption and the effective sub-criteria are diversification in supply, per capita income, population, consumer interests, tariffs and pricing, length of stay at home, consumption motivation, infrastructure level, female employment, network pressure and modify consumption patterns programs.