مجله پژوهشهای جانوری (زیست شناسی ایران)
سال سی و سوم شماره 4 (زمستان 1399)

Gastropods are the largest group of molluscs, with the highest abundance and habitats diversity. The species diversity of true limpets (Nacellidae) in Hormuz Island was investigated by collecting 121 specimens belonging to this family from two stations in the intertidal zone in fall and winter 2016 and 2017. Morphological studies were carried out on the basis of shell morphological characteristics, foot color, radula structure. Besides, the molecular study was also performed using the cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (CO1) of the mitochondrial gene. The results of morphological studies indicate that all the specimens, despite having different phenotypes and differences in pattern and color of the shell traits, belonged to Cellana karachiensis which was also confirmed by the molecular finding. Therefore, the results of this study show various phenotypes for C. karachiensis, which also cast doubt on the taxonomic value for identification of this family, based on the color pattern, shell and radula traits.

The amphipods of genus Niphargus Schiödte, 1847 inhabit in subterranean waters and constitute a substantial part of the groundwater biodiversity. In the last decades, there have been many developments for using of modelling algorithms, although not exclusive to the specific case of subterranean habitats. In this study, ecological variables were used to investigate the effect of environmental factors on Niphargus genus distribution. The occurrence points of the genus in north, west and northwest provinces were obtained from previous studies. Then, climatic variables, topography (slope, elevation, and moisture) were used, as well as temperature and moisture data at depths of 0 to 10 cm and 10 to 40 cm. In order to evaluate the similarity between habitat areas, k-mean clustering were used. Then, species distribution modeling was performed using Maximum Entropy Method at the country scale. The results showed that among all the variables used, only Bio14 had no normal distribution (P-value>0/05). Clustering results also showed that, the occurrence points of genus members is placed in two clusters, cluster 1 in the north of Iran and cluster 2 along of Zagros mountain range. There is similarities between two clusters. Two variables include the annual rainfall and soil temperature at depths of 10 to 40 cm have the most effect on the distribution of genus Niphargus. The results also showed that due to distance from the ground surface and the environmental variables, the same conditions exist in most occurrence points of this taxon.

This study aimed to assess the effect of different mulberry varieties namely Ichinose, Kenmochi, Kines and Guilani local on economical nutritional and biochemical characteristics, of silkworm hybrid 103*104.The current research tries to select and introduce a suitable variety for 103*104 hybrid. The hybrid 103*104 egg batches were procured from Silk Research Center (Pasikhan- Rasht) and were bred on different mulberry leaves on the basis of classical culture method in controlled condition (25± 1 °C, 70 % RH and 12:12 L;D). Our results showed that the Kines variety possessing higher amount of protein, when fed by silkworm exhibited better economical parameters comparatively.

The aim of the present study was to characterize the effects of L-methionine and L-lysine supplementation on population growth, honey bee (Apis mellifera Meda) Queen egg laying, brood rearing and honey production. This study started in 17 May to 1 July continued for 45 days in Ardabil province. For this experiment, 48 hives was chosen and colonies equalized for environment condition, population, honey and pollen store and same sister queens. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 12 replicates. The experimental treatments were: 1) control group (sugar syrup without amino acid supplementation) and treatments 2, 3 and 4 were fed with sugar syrup with Methionine, Lysine and Lysine and Methionine mix, respectively. The results showed that, in first and second periods, highest population was observed in Met/Lys treatment (P > 0.05). In fourth and mean of periods, the highest populations of colonies were belonging to the Met/Lys group (12.6 and 9.42 frame, respectively) and the lowest population (10.4 and 8.19 frame, respectively) was belonging to the control. In all of periods, Laying performance of queens was increased significantly by feeding Met/Lys compared to the control (P < 0. 05). For brood rearing and honey production, the best performance was obtained by colonies supplemented with Met/Lys treatment as well. In overall, our study confirms the positive effectiveness of feeding Met/Lys on population size, laying performance of queens and honey production.

Due to the importance of morphometric studies in understanding the taxonomic status and intraspecific changes, In this study, geographical patterns and population characteristics of H. savignyi tree frog were investigated in Two Provinces of Iran: Lorestan and Markazi. In order to investigate the changes in the traits and geographical patterns of populations in this species, 19 morphological characters in more than 67 specimens were studied in 13 different geographic regions. Intraspecific geographic communication pattern was investigated using one-way ANOVA and principal component multivariate analysis (PCA), Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) and cluster analysis with UPGMA algorithm. The results of ANOVA test showed that among the studied traits, 14 traits of SVL, FL, TFL, TML, HW, ND, HD, EAD, T1L, ES, FLL, IMTL, WMT, WUE had significant differences among different populations (P≤0.05). Based on morphometric characters, our analaysis showe that at least two distinct tree frog populations with 100% probability: Makhmal Koh (Group 1) and Lorestan-Markazi (Group 2).

In this study, protective effects of bioactive peptides extracted from Anchovy on total antioxidant capacity, sperm parameters, sperm tubular diameters, epithelium thickness (ET) and DNA damage in ofloxacin treated rats was investigated. Thirty-six healthy male rats (200±40) were randomly assigned to 6 cages and fed with experimental diets (Control, 20mg bioactive peptide P, 72 mg ofloxacin OF72, 360 mg ofloxacin OF360, OF72+P, OF360+P) for 45 days. The results indicated that the rat fed on ofloxacins + peptid had siginificant higher TAC then the control .