مجله مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی
پیاپی 54 (بهار 1400)

addiction is one of the biggest problems that threatens the life of rural youth. Therefore, investigating the factors affecting addiction is an important step in combating with this deadly phenomenon.

the aim of this paper is to investigating the factors affecting the reduction of rural youth tendency to drug use in the Ardabil County.

The research method is analytical -explanative survey type. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all youth living in rural areas of Ardabil County in 2017 (N=496), among which 217 persons were selected as statistical sample using Cochran formula. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.75-0.89).Studied Areas: Ardabil is an ancient city in northwestern Iran, and the capital of Ardabil Province. As of the 2016 census, Ardabil's population was 529,374.

the findings of this research show that addiction is very common among rural youth and several factors is involved at the tendency of rural youth to drug use and the most important of them is the lack of meaning.

the findings of this research showed that most important factors reduction of rural youth tendency to drug use in studied region includes four components (empowerment and support actions, combating poverty and making healthy of phenomenal environment, reinforcement of family foundation and psychological capital and extension of mass activities and reinforcement of value and ethical foundations) that explained variance and the cumulative variance by the five factors 48.93.

Rural growth and development, has a close relationship with the rural participatory, Because participatory increases the performance of economic, social and cultural plans, and the quality of decision making for the rural areas.

Goal: 

The target of this research, is to check the relationship between the participatory and the level of area development.

The research type, is practical development and the way of the attributive study, is analytical. The statistical society is the whole Saravan village rural households. We've selected 370 samples by the Morgan Table. To analyze the information of the area development conditions, 20 indexes in different social, economical and physical dimensions, have been selected. We've tested these indexes according to Morris Model. In addition, to test its relationship with the participatory, Croscal Valis Nonparametric in SPSS Software have been used.

Geographical area of research: 

The statistical population of the study is the whole rural household of Saravan rural district, which was selected using 370 Morgan table.

On the other hand, having a high population by itself can not be an indicator of development and greater participation of villagers in development-related matters; As in this study, villages such as Golsarak, Kacha and Moushanga, which have a smaller population than Imamzadeh Hashem village, but the residents of these villages have a higher rank in participation in the development of the village.

The results of the study indicate the relationship between these two variables. In fact, the highest participation is in the villages of Saravan, Ghazian, Golsark, Kacha, Moushanga, Imamzadeh Hashem and finally Jokulbandan, respectively.

Rural areas of Langarud County, which is selected as the under-study zone in the present survey, is one of the most attractive areas in Guilan province and almost always makes the tourism destination of numerous tourists and enthusiasts.

Purpose of the study: 

The main purpose of the present survey is studying the pathology of tourism activities in rural areas of this county.

In the present study, the descriptive-analytic approach was applied. In order to perform the field studies among 193 populated villages, 15 villages were selected as the study samples through purposive and judgmental sampling methods. Local residents and administrative managers and experts of Langarud County comprised the statistical society. The sample volume was estimated to be 342 according to Chocrane method.

Under-Study Zone:

 Rural areas of Langarud County is selected as the under-study zone in the present survey.

The results revealed that booming rural ecotourism activities has led to increased pollution of ecologic resources as well as decreased attraction of landscapes in the under-study rural settlements. Accordingly based on polls by respondents regarding 11 items surveyed in this study, it turned out that the “destruction of village’s natural landscapes” item obtained the weighted average of 4.13 which had the highest significantly meaningful difference, after that “destroying natural and human views due to inappropriate constructions unrelated to village climate” and “threatening rare and vulnerable vegetation species” items which respectively had the weighted averages 3.89 and 3.82 were ranked as second and third vulnerabilities.

The occurrence of natural disasters such as earthquakes, in urban texture and in population density region has caused hard damage. Regarding the country’s location on the earthquake zone, the current study has studied Urmia city due to natural features and the risk of seismicity in order to identify the most important damaging factors in order to manage the urban disaster caused by an earthquake.

This research is descriptive and analytical in method and applied in purpose. In the descriptive section, the results of the general census of population and housing in 1395, documents and library studies have been used, and in the Analytical section, the Network Analysis process (ANP) and fuzzy operators in ARC GIS software have been applied.

Geographical area of research:

The study area (statistical blocks) with an area of 4854.91 ha contains 91% of the total area of Urmia city, which has a population of 727066 people (other than Golmankhaneh Town).
Based on the 2016 census and based on the information obtained from statistical blocks, the rate of population and the number of families in the area were 727066 people and 222737 families, respectively. The study area includes 97.83% of the population of Urmia city.

The highest vulnerability is in areas with a slope of more than 20% and areas with high population density are observed. Areas with very high vulnerability with 34.12%, high with 11.81%, medium with 30.47%, low with 20.89% and very low with 2.7% accounted for the area of statistical blocks. In general, it can be said that 45.93% of the study area is vulnerable based on the criteria used in the analysis.

In vulnerable earthquake zoning in Urmia, 5 vulnerable classes were obtained. The very high vulnerability class in the Zone 2 urban area with an area of 341.09 hectares (13.19%) has the most vulnerable uses, Zone 3 with 8.24%, Zone 1 with 7.57%, Zone 4 with 2.76% and Zone 5 with 1.92% have the most uses with very high vulnerabilities, respectively.

Today, urbanization and population growth have led to the development of cities with numerous problems. Hence, several approaches have been proposed to answer the problems of urban development and ultimately achieve sustainable development. In this regard, urban prosperity has been proposed to achieve balanced and harmonious and sustainable development in cities. The present paper aims to prioritize the urban areas of Tabriz metropolis in terms of five dimensions of urban prosperity. This research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive-analytical in terms of method.

In order to achieve this goal, all factors involved in the development and prosperity of the metropolis of Tabriz, in the form of five dimensions of prosperity including productivity, infrastructure, quality of Life, equity and inclusion, environmental sustainability have been extracted. And their relationship has been evaluated structurally by the MICMAC software and fifteen key factors have been extracted. At this stage, spatial data from existing urban maps and non-spatial data from housing census data have been extracted. And, by integrating geographic information systems and decision-making Support Systems, information was analyzed and ultimately, urban areas were ranked in terms of prosperity key factors with the Oreste model.

Geographical area of research:

 The area is the city of Tabriz located in northwestern Iran and is the capital of East Azerbaijan province.

By studying the 38 districts of Tabriz, based on the existing conditions, the fifteen key factors of prosperity revealed that the core of the city and the bazaar, Baghmehisheh and Roushdiyah, parts of the cities of Eram and Rezvanshahr, Yaghchian, Golshahr, Valiasr, Zafaraniye, and Ehle Goli are neighborhoods with very solid prosperity. These areas 25.43% of the population and 22.16% of the area of Tabriz have been allocated. Studies have also shown that the neighborhood of Karkaj, Iradak, Malazinal, Idelo, Sylab Ghoshneh, Resalat, Jalaliyeh, Razi, Khalil Abad, Eram, and the airport are very weak prosperity areas. These areas are either industrial areas or turbulent and congested texture resulting from unplanned and accelerated development in recent decades. And 18.82% of the population and 31.48% of the area of Tabriz have been allocated.

The results of the study indicate that the areas 8-1, 2-2, 5-1 have the first to third ranks in terms of prosperity. And areas 10-1, 5-6 and 10-2. And areas of 10-2, 5-6, and 10-1 are on the last three ranks in terms of indicators urban prosperity.

The spatial configuration is the way spaces are placed together and in their relationships, which illustrates the importance of spatial communication in the whole system. Goal : In order to measure the relationship between security and spatial configurations, the indicators of interconnection, connection, selection, control, and types of theft crimes have been investigated.

Geographical area of research: 

The study area of the research is the legal area of Pakdasht city.

The present study was carried out with the attention of the spatial event of exploratory atrocities and then to investigate the spatial factors affecting the occurrence of crimes of an analytical type.

In these maps, an analysis of the distribution of various types of theft crimes related to the spatial configuration of the city has been obtained. Finally, the correlation between spatial configuration and types of crime counts in SPSS software was measured by Pearson correlation test.

The results of the research show that there is a positive correlation between opportunistic crime (theft) and spatial configurations indicators. This means that an increase in the level of these indicators results in an increase in the number of crimes of theft and the perpetrators, in such a context, can possibly steal more. However, in detail this relationship and the connection with the theft of residential houses and casings have been negated, and the theft of residential houses has occurred in less interconnected areas, but with a higher depth.

Today, one of the challenges facing urban management is worn-out urban fabric. Utilizing the capacities of the people and social capital facilitates the achievement of the goal of modernization and organization of these structures for urban management.Purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the increase of social capital and its relationship with the renovation of worn-out tissues.

The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and based on library and statistical information. Initial information was collected by documentary and survey as well as a questionnaire. The collected data were processed by using SPSS and Smart PLS software.

Geographical area of the research:

 The geographical area of the present study is region 10 of Tehran Municipality, which with a population of 327,115 people, has a significant area of worn-out structures in Tehran.

Findings show that there is a positive correlation between the components of social capital and renovation based on Pearson correlation test from weak to moderate level. Also, PLS path modeling and multivariate regression test show that the components of institutional trust, social interactions and interpersonal trust have more effect and the component of religious participation has less effect on the renovation of worn-out urban structures, respectively.

The results show that there is a significant relationship between social capital and renovation of worn-out tissues. They also show that the components of social capital have different levels of impact on the renovation of worn-out tissues, which can be improved by planning to upgrade and organize these components. Worn out accelerated the study area.

The issue of cohesion and integration of urban space in relation to the ossification or main structure of the city will be the lever of development of the city and the potential for growth, connection, identity and integrity of the whole city. According to its features, it causes spatial multiplicity and diversity and visual, spatial, and physical continuity, which plays a very effective role in the creation of new spaces.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the principle of establishment in the ossification structure of the city and its effect on the formation of the multiplicity and diversity of urban spaces, in order to discover the factors affecting the formation of this structure and determination of the efficiency of urban spaces.

The current study is a quantitative descriptive-analytical study. This study uses combined method of AHP analytical model and multi-variable regression analysis by using one sample statistical T-Tests using syntax space software in order to determine and classify the factors of the study.Geographical area of the research: The study area is the central part of the city with the focus on Enghelab Street in Sanandaj, which includes the historical bazaar of the street and Enghelab crossroads to the square of Nabovvat.

The findings are presented graphically in two forms of interconnected and statistical maps (calculation of spatial parameters) for each period. Analyses show that the average amount of interconnection in Sanandaj, in which the general pattern of interconnection, is very similar to other historical cities in Iran. Accordingly, the market element, which is identified with the darkest lines, has the highest interconnection average and in this regard is the most interconnected structural element of the city and plays the most important role in the structure of the city as a whole.

The design and spatial organization of the axis of Enghelab Street in the center of the city has been based on six criteria of "hierarchy, establishment, balance, dispersion, concentration, and spatial cohesion". The principle of establishment and multiplicity (diversity) has been realized through spatial and physical balance. The concept of "interconnectedness" as the factors affecting "connection, control, depth, interconnectedness" has been evaluated as higher than the theoretical average, which indicates that the criteria of "concentration", "establishment" and "spatial coherence" have the highest rank and importance.

Paying attention to open and semi-open spaces in residential complexes and the psychological needs of the residents in the complexes is one of the important issues in today's world. Vitality and cheerfulness are considered to be desirable qualities of people's life, which play an important role in the physical and mental health of citizens. Open spaces are platforms for expressing public culture and the development of social life and reflect the personal beliefs and public values of users. So, the study of outdoor environments in residential environments is very important for the development of quality of social life in today's societies.

The research method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose, quantitative-qualitative in nature, and descriptive-analytical in terms of method.Therefore, by extracting physical indicators and components through library studies and closed questionnaire tools, the researcher-made answer in two stages, a survey was conducted among the residents of the three residential complexes of Cactus, Pardisan and Lakanshahr in Rasht.

Geographical area of research:

The study area is Gilan province, Rasht city. The subject of study is the residential complexes of the city.

The results show that the factor of "physical diversity" with the highest average of 3.5 has the greatest impact on the sense of vitality of residents.

According to the research results, six factors "physical diversity, visual attractiveness, use of natural elements, favorable vision, safety and proper lighting" are the most important physical factors affecting vitality, all of which have a higher than average effect on residents' sense of vitality.

The development of entrepreneurial family businesses is a complex and difficult process to achieve. First of all, a comprehensive understanding of the factors affecting the development of these businesses in order to provide solutions based on the regional conditions for the development of family businesses is needed.

Goal: 

This study was conducted to explain the factors affecting the development of entrepreneurial skills in rural family businesses

This research was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this research includes all active agricultural beneficiaries and rural entrepreneurs in the agriculture, livestock, gardening and services sectors of Boukan with 12700 people. To select the samples, the Kerjesi and Morgan tables were used. Based on the statistical population, 375 samples were estimated and selected in a simple random sampling method. To study theoretical foundations, documentary studies were used. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaire was determined based on the content validation method and the reliability of the questionnaire through Cronbach's alpha, which was calculated and determined for the main components of the questionnaire between 0.732 and 0.995, which was acceptable on average. Data analysis of the present study was carried out in two sections; descriptive and inferential statistics and using SPSSwin22 software.

Geographical area of research:

 Buokan county is one of the counties of West Azerbaijan province. Its area is 2541,306 square kilometers, occupying about 6.50 percent of the province.

The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between educational, economic, infrastructural, individual, environmental and policy factors with the development of entrepreneurial skills. The results of multiple regression model show that 52.4% of changes in entrepreneurship skills development are predicted and determined.

The results showed that educational, economic, infrastructural, individual, environmental and policy factors have a significant relationship and effect with the development of entrepreneurship skills in determining and predicting the development of entrepreneurial skills.

Land use issue over the past few years Due to the great importance of land use change has received much attention So much so that today the issue of land use change is one of the most important challenges in the natural and human resource management system.

Goal:

 according to this The present study is trying With the help of strategic planning tools, Identify and present optimal implementation strategies to reduce agricultural land use change.

The research method is descriptive-analytical and two SWOT-QSPM tools have been used. From a total of 14 villages in Binalood County that have had unauthorized agricultural land use changes in recent years, 8 villages with more than 100 land use changes were selected as a sample. The Rural Experts Analysis Unit was familiar with the internal and external environment in relation to the research topic and snowball sampling method.

Geographical area of research: 

The study area in this study were the villages with the highest amount of land use change in Binalood County, located in Khorasan Razavi province.

Based on exploratory studies, 18 strengths and opportunities were identified as advantages and 29 weaknesses and threats as limitations and problems facing the change of use of agricultural lands in Binalood County were identified. The opinions of the three groups (local informants and managers) were asked in the designed questionnaire. The results showed that in matrix SWOT, according to the score of IFE = 2.242 and EFE = 2.769, conservative (maximum-minimum) strategies were identified in order to reduce the change of use of agricultural lands. The following 6 strategies were prioritized using the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM).

In this regard, the most important strategy of "organizing illegal and unprincipled constructions by implementing government oversight programs" was identified with a score of 1.211. Therefore, it is necessary to control land use changes by proper land management.

One of main threatening factors for people is non-civil aggression behavior, violence, contention, and quarrel occurrence causing disturbance for people and society body and financial insecurity. So, it is necessary to investigate quarrel occurrence reasons.

Goal: 

The aim of current research is recognizing effective factors in quarrel crime occurrence from the viewpoint of 111 jailors at Ardebil city and data were gathered from all the cases by the use of a questionnaire.

The current study is applied regarding the aim and also it is descriptive- analytical with respect to methodology. Statistical population includes all of jailed wrongdoers at the result of quarrel in the first half of 1396 solar year, which they are passing condemnation period at Ardebil jail and it was completed with whole counting method by using questionnaire (111 persons). In order to research data analysis partial at least squares model was used in Warp-PLS software.

Geographical area of research: 

This research has been done in the geographical area of Ardabil.

Results showed that, effectiveness of 10 variables among 12 independent variables were confirmed on quarrel occurrence. Also social- economical bases, labeling, family social problems, family- place origin and relative deprivation variables have the highest effect in quarrel occurrence.

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that, in quarrel occurring, different factors such as personal, social- economic and environmental factors are effective and they have various effectiveness degrees according to factors such as time, place and importance conditions. Main variables in the current study are social-economic base, belonging to race-fanaticism society, social anatomy, genetics feature, negative interactions, place-family origin, social controlling, family social problems, labeling, relative deprivation and cultural intelligence factors which have been mentioned with importance ranking.

Today, the tourism industry, as one of the largest industries in the world, has an undeniable impact on the economic and social well-being of the host society. These conditions are very significant and important in areas such as Golestan province, which have good capabilities in relation to tourism, and especially in its border areas. Therefore, it is necessary to plan and manage it purposefully.

Aim of the research: 

The present article has been compiled with the aim of identifying and analyzing indicators for measuring the satisfaction of tourists in the border province of Golestan.

The research method was descriptive-analytic and data collection was done by library and field method. Data analysis was performed using the Akama model, Kolmogorof-Smirnof test, Friedman test and factor analysis.Geographical area of the study: The geographical area of the study includes all tourist areas in the border areas of Golestan province.

Findings from the survey and measuring the dimensions of satisfaction showed that all the indicators are suitable indicators to assess the level of satisfaction of visitors. In this research, while revealing the attitude pattern of the research sample as a representative of tourists in Golestan province, the indicators affecting the level of tourist satisfaction have been identified in order of priority.

The results of this study showed that five factors of being reliable, reliability, accountability, tangible elements and empathy index are effective in assessing the satisfaction of tourists. Also, among the indicators evaluated by Friedman test, the "confidence" index has the highest rank and the "empathy" index has the lowest rank.

In recent decades, quality of life as one of the topics of interest to many sciences, has been considered by researchers, planners and governments.

The aim of the present study is to assess the quality of life in rural areas of Zarrin Dasht county.

The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method of work. The statistical population of the study consists of all heads of rural households in Zarrin Dasht (7927 people), of which a sample size of 310 questionnaires was completed using Cochran's formula by simple random sampling. Also, 30 questionnaires have been completed by experts to weigh the indicators. Fuzzy hierarchical analysis has been used to weight the indicators and fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy Vicor models have been used to rank rural settlements.

Geographical area of research: 

Zarrin Dasht city is one of the cities of Fars province, which according to the 2016 census had a population of 72951 people. The distance between this city and the center of the province is 255 km. Geographically, it is located in the southeast of Fars between the cities of Darab-Lar-Jahrom-Fasa.

The results of the research based on the fuzzy TOPSIS model show that Ziraab village with a value of 0.855 is in the first rank and Chah Anjir village with a value of 0.221 is in the last rank. Also, according to the results of fuzzy Vicor, Ziraab village with the value of 0.000 has the first rank and Chah Anjir village with the value of 1.000 has the last rank in terms of quality of life.

The results of the study indicate the fact that the villages of Zarrin Dasht city are not at the same level in terms of quality of life indicators.