مجله الجمعیه العلمیه الایرانیه للغه العربیه و آدابها، فصلیه علمیه محکمه
سال هفدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 58، ربیع 2021)

The proverb is the subject of a transient study of specializations, especially since it is a linguistic heritage as much as it is cultural. We use it to justify and support our words and ideas in all fields, different times and ages. The proverb is a rhetorical statement characterized by its content, sources, symbolism, rules, and even its rhythm and music. It is also an influential discourse that reflects a general reality that expresses linguistic and rhetorical practice and collective cultural and social experiences. For all these reasons, this paper aims to study the linguistic and educational aspect of proverbs and linguistic and stereotypical structures (Lachkar 2004, 2013, 2014, 2016 & 2019, Anscombre 1994 ; Kleiber, 1994; El Attar,1999). By registering it in the field of lexical semantics and Arabic dialectology, this study will start by defining the concept of proverb and what distinguishes it from other stereotypes such as the ancient sayings, popular judgment… etc. Then, whatever the logic contained in the proverb and the resulting connotations that may reinforce the representations of an individual or a group, the aim is to study the relations between gender and sex that exist within Arab and Moroccan proverbs. This would help to understand the way in which each category or class sees the other and how this leads to the establishment of a linguistic class and linguistic insecurity. In other words, how does a male see a female (and vice versa) in Moroccan speech and culture? The objective is thus to analyze the way in which members of a class perceive each other and how they interpret their motives and intentions.

Phonetic consistency is manifested by the order in the character of letters in words; To the extent that this arrangement is consistent with the concept derived from the text. Relying on this approach and in order to discover the structural and linguistic beauties hidden in the Holy Quran, this divine book has always been the focus of scholars; Analyzing and explaining these beauties to the audience is one of the things that reveal the aspects of the artistic miracle of the Qur'an. One of the miraculous aspects of the Holy Quran is its musical structure, which is the most important level in the study of stylistics and the first axis for entering the study of literary texts. In a way, the fit and connection between music and the concept leads to a better transmission of meaning to the audience and arouses their feelings. The purpose of this study is to analyze Surah Ibrahim based on descriptiveanalytical and statistical methods, and focusing on its phonetic level. The result of the analysis of the surah in this research shows the connection between the meaning and the music of the letters in front of the audience; Because the thematic atmosphere of Surah Ibrahim is drawn in line with the controversy between the divine messengers and the infidels. For this reason, when the context of the verse seeks to instill fear and warning of the disbelievers, it chooses words in which the music of the letters corresponds to their meaning in the verse. Also, in the context of such verses with the subject of fear and warning, in order to have a greater impact on the ears and minds of the audience, the choice of unknown and explosive letters prevails over other sounds. But when the context of the verse seeks to instill concepts such as a sense of calm and serenity in the audience, such as the atmosphere of prayers and conversations of the prophets with God Almighty, the context of the verse chooses words whose music also inspires peace; In addition, the frequency of emission of tangible sounds and occurrences and moderate sounds between intensity and occurrence in these verses have a more significant application.

The Free association is one of the techniques that novelists use to interpret the events of the story and introduce its characters to the reader. Operations in which thoughts and memories recall each other based on the principles of similarity, proximity and contrast. Considering that free association in the novel "Zakerat-al-Jasad" by Algerian author Ahlam Mostaghanemi has a high place; therefore, this study investigates the novel based on the free association technique using descriptive-analytical method and it's got the following results Free association has created a lot of beauty, diversity of contents and colorfulness of images to this literary work, and it has taken it from a repetitive state that makes the reader tired. Recalling the memories of the novel's characters and using the similarity principle that seems to be most applicable to the novel, the author details the characters' personalities, problems, wishes, and psychological and behavioral characteristics. Using the principle of temporal and spatial proximity, she introduces many celebrities, including the real people of the Algerian revolution, painters, poets and many historical trends and disasters, as well as the locations of these events to the reader. Despite the fact that the main axis of fiction is often based on two types of similarity and proximity, in some instances the narrator of the story remembers the memories based on the contradiction in them without prior decision, but recalling those memories is not always based on famous and traditional contrasts.

This study was conducted aimed at investigating the motivation of learning Arabic as a foreign language (L2) among the students of this field at Shiraz University based on the Dörnyei's L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) Theory. Dörnyei's 16 variables were studied to identify motivational factors using a questionnaire developed by Dörnyei (2010) to measure learning the L2. To this end, 96 students of Arabic Language and Literature at Shiraz University, who were admitted to the university between 2015 and 2018, were examined. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, and the structural model of the relationships between variables was designed with AMOS software. According to the findings, criterion measures had the most positive correlation with the variables of instrumentality promotion, attitudes toward L2 community, attitudes toward learning Arabic, and ideal self, respectively. Moreover, parental encouragement had the most negative correlation with this factor. The criterion measures were most directly affected by the attitudes toward learning Arabic and then by the instrumentality promotion. There was often a positive interaction between the factors, and only the parental encouragement had a declining effect on the instrumentality promotion while being affected by the attitudes toward learning Arabic.

Teaching a second language is an important issue due to its cultural and ideological nature. Within general policy framework of any educational system micro-goals and cultural- educational strategies of any foreign language are defined. Looking through Secondary school text book of "Arabic Quran, language ", it seems they have not been compiled aiming at teaching Arabic Language with a practical approach. In fact, it seems as if they were compiled with specific purposes of understanding the language of the Quran, religious texts and Persian language. In this research, the mentioned text books are evaluated using content analysis method, based on 7 main indicators and 32 subindicators, at the level of words, texts, grammar, exercises, language skills and culture & evaluate the amount conformity of these books with the objectives of the curriculum and the criteria of the communication approach. The results shows the new edition Arabic text book covers 45% of the indicators in the desired level, 39% in the average level and 16% in the low level. The writers try to cover the objectives of the curriculum, by focusing on Quranic words, religious-moral concepts, Islamic-Iranian culture, by using 190 verses and 120 hadiths in most texts, exercises and illustrations & less attention to communication criteria such as text based, team exercise, and coordinated training of language skills.

The calligraphy of any language is part of its identity and cultural history and represents changes of the language over time. The rule in calligraphy is that the word should be written as it is pronounced, although sometimes there are deviations from the norm in calligraphy. Some Persian and Arabic linguists have considered the aberrations of calligraphy of these two languages as incomprehensible and accidental and consider it as a result of the unsystematic rules of calligraphy. And some of them also believe that the irregularities of the Persian script have been completely influenced by the Arabic script. Therefore, it is very important to study this issue. This article studies the anomalies of common calligraphy between Persian and Arabic, as well as Persian-specific anomalies by adopting a descriptive-analytical method. The reasons such as the influence of old writing methods, the principle of distinguishing between similar forms, preserving the apparent structure of the word and sound effects, and the beauty of the line have been influential in this issue.

Image schemas are among the subjects of investigation in cognitive semantics. The analysis of this cognitive device in narrative texts help us discovering the ideas and ideologies of the author from its language. Therefore, the present study intends to examine the image schemas of the field of emotions in the novel "Tales of Yusuf Tadres" by Adel Esmat, the Egyptian author, based on the views proposed by Lakoff and Johnson. To do so, the image schemas underlying 10 emotion concepts were extracted from the novel of Yousef Tadres Then, they were categorised and analysed in three schema s categories of containment, movement and quantity. The results showed that although the novel is composed of short but related stories, expressing the emotions of the narrator is the common element in all. The narrator tried to make the emotions more tangible and concrete and in doing so image schemas are beneficial cognitive and linguistic devices.

The aim of this study was to identify the educational, skill and attitude needs of faculty members in the field of Arabic language and literature from the perspective of undergraduate and graduate students majoring in Arabic literature in public Universities. The research method is a qualitative-quantitative combination that was performed in two stages. In the first stage, in order to identify the most important educational needs of professors, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 specialists and professors in the field of Arabic language and literature. The collected information was analyzed using thematic coding method and the relevant components were classified into 6 general areas. In the second stage, in order to prioritize each of the domains, among 6000 undergraduate and graduate students majoring in Arabic literature in 31 public universities of the country, first 10 universities were purposefully selected and then 486 people were selected as a sample using proportional classification sampling method. The results showed that in the field of knowledge required by teachers, sufficient mastery of Arabic language and vocabulary, in the field of required skills, quadriceps skills, in the field of teaching methods, observance of scientific and academic ethics, in the field of issues related to students and class, observing the necessary distance In order to maintain moral privacy, professors and students in the field of educational content, efforts to properly convey the content of courses with students and in the field of evaluation methods, evaluation away from creating fear and side margins and are considered as the most important educational needs of teachers. Also, there is no significant difference between the educational level and students' views on the needs of professors, except for the two components of educational content and evaluation method.