فصلنامه علوم و فناوری نساجی
سال هشتم شماره 4 (زمستان 1398)

From the point of view of biomechanics, there is a direct relationship between skeletal injuries of hand muscles and risk of various occupational factors. Therefore, it is necessary to use a hand fitting glove. To design a fitting glove, 3D hand model should be obtained. The purpose of this paper is to get the 3d hand model by depth camera. In this regard, 3d hand shape of 30 women and men were captured. Volunteers placed their left and right hands on the back and face in front of the depth camera at a fixed distance. Three-dimensional coordinates of the hand were presented as cloud points. Then, 3D hand shape was prepared by combining data on the back and face of the individual hand and considering a fixed reference point. Dimension hands such as finger circumference, finger length, wrist circumference, palm width, palm circumference, and hand height were extracted from the 3D shape of the hand. In order to investigate the accuracy of the measurement, the dimensions of the hand were measured by manual method and compared with the dimensions obtained from the depth camera. The result showed that the hand dimensions by manual method are in good agreement with the dimensions extracted from the 3D hand shape. The average error obtained for the circumference and length is 4.13 and 3.26 percent, respectively

The uniformity in the structure of the fabric texture is due to the uniformity of the yarn structure and the texture factors and the conditions of fabric completion. There are many and complex physical theories in this regard, but linking yarn structure indicators with fabric properties in practice is one of the most important issues for any manufacturer. In the present study, longitudinal variance- length curve (CVL) and deviation rate coefficient (DR%) were correlated with SIRO FAST indices. Twelve samples of worsted fabric of different materials and designs were woven and completed. First, the samples were grouped according to the statistical method of factor analysis. Then, nonlinear regression analyzes showed yarn uniformity indices (CV%, DR%, CVL) in the fabric with a minimum of wool fibers have a high correlation SIRO FAST 3 test (R2≥0.75.), If the percentage of wool fibers is more than twenty percent of worsted fabric, different indicators of SIRO FAST (1, 2 and 3) related to yarn uniformity indices (R2≥0.75). The uniformity indices of Worsted-like fabrics with viscose fibers are related to SIRO FAST 1 (R2≥0.75) test and the Deviation Rate index (DR%) for the most of worsted fabrics with non-composite texture is much higher than other indices of yarn uniformity (CV%, CVL) has the ability to predict other SIRO FAST indices.

The skin is the largest organ of the body, with a total area of about 20 square feet. ... The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone.The human skin is the outer covering of the body and is the largest organ of the integumentary system. The skin has up to seven layers of ectodermal tissue and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organ. WOUND IS an injury to living tissue caused by a cut, blow, or other impact, typically one in which the skin is cut or broken. Novel wound dressings have practiced incessant and noteworthy variations as the earliest periods. The expansion begins with the usage of natural-materials to merely covering the wounds to the materials of the existing period that could be particularly manufactured to display numerous unexpected purposes. The modern bandage-materials constructed via bio-polymeric nano-fibers holding several active-compounds that are useful for the healing of wounds. With the correct selections of bio-polymers using for production of these nano-fibrous materials, they could improve the healing of wounds expressively compared with the conventional dressing materials, such as gauze. The novel wound dressings could be completed such that they have bio-active ingredients, for instance anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory agents, which could be released to the wounds improving their healing. This review offers an overview of various kinds of wounds, operational factors in wound healing and different forms of wound dressing materials with a superior highlighting to those manufactured of nanofibers.

Persian carpets are known all over the world. Some of these carpets are more famous because of their design, coloring or the quality of the weave, like “Amo-Oghli carpets”. There are special tools and approaches for color-detection, which are chosen based on the type of the product and the required precision for color detection. The main objective of this research is to identify colors and dyes used in these special carpets, based on a non-destructive method. Accordingly, based on reflective data, have been measured by spectrophotometer, the curves of reflection (R) and absorption (K/S) were attained for three red hues of the Amo-Oghli carpet. For this purpose, three red colors of Amo-Oghli carpet, preserved in the carpet museum (with the property number of 556), were considered as the main samples. The color coordinates L* a*b*, C* and h˚ value show that the color matching with experimental prescriptions for red hues in Amo-Oghli carpet is not possible and other possibilities must be considered for the employed dye. Also, the results have been shown that before color matching, it is necessary that dyed yarns exposed to light to be aged.

From old forepassed up to now, Anthrenus verbasci has been known as one of digestive and destructive species of proteinate products specially wool products. Biodegradable materials of madder and walnut hull using pad-batch conventional method were applied in this research to protect wool fabrics. To do so, alcoholic extracting of mentioned natural compounds was fistly attended and in continue, creating protection and optimization of wool fabric mothproofing properties using response surface method was noted and up to now, such as process was not reported and presented. Vicinity time and concentrations of madder and walnut hull natural extracts as independent variables and efficiency of mothproofing property through wool destruction amounts as dependent variable were considered. Statistical models and optimized conditions of wool protection against A. verbasci were obtained and accurately discussed. Results of destruction amounts and SEM images revealed alcoholic extracting efficient method to extract effective materials of madder and walnut hull biodegradable compounds to wool mothproofing aginst A. verbasci using pad-batch conventional method.

Cartilage damages, including degenerative joint diseases, are a current medical‏ ‏problem. Once damaged, adult ‎human articular cartilage has a limited capacity‏ ‏for intrinsic repair. Tissue engineering is becoming promising for ‎cartilage‏ ‏repair. Nano fibers‏ ‏have considered as suitable candidates for improving the tissue engineering‏ ‏scaffold, ‎since they can mimic microarchitecture of tissue extracellular matrix, ‎perfectly. In this research, a biodegradable ‎nanofiber scaffold of 10% silk fibroin and 5% ‎chitosan solution with a ratio of 70-30 or 50-50 respectively, made by ‎electrospinning technique ‎for articular cartilage tissue engineering. By Scanning electron microscope imaging, ‎nanofibers morphology and average ‎diameter were determined. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was ‎performed to ‎investigate the functional groups of the scaffold surface. Mechanical properties of these ‎scaffolds were ‎determined by measuring of Young´s Module, Elongation at break and Breaking ‎tenacity. PBS buffer was used for ‎in-vitro degradation assay. Scanning electron microscope images analysis showed that ‎the fibers were bead-less with ‎uniform morphology with an average diameter of 148.8 ± 52.32‎‏ ‏and 138.5± 24.51 nm respectively for 70-30 and 50-‎‎50 scaffolds. After 12 weeks‎‏ ‏assay, the percentage of degradation for 70-30 and 50-50 scaffold respectively‎‏ ‏were ‎‎6.16 ± 0.9 and 6.82±0.7% of total scaffold weight. As a result, silk fibroin-chitosan nanofiber scaffolds due to ‎containing cell adhesion domains caused by‏ ‏their protein nature and because of their slow degradation, suitable ‎physical‏ ‏structure and mechanical properties are suitable candidates for articular‏ ‏cartilage repair.‎