مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
سال نهم شماره 1 (بهار 1400)

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is an uncommon malignancy of the thyroid .with poor prognosis and 2 to 6 month of survival time. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of curcumin on bioavailability and expression of p21 and Bcl-2 genes in human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line (SW-1736).

In this study, human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (SW-1736) cell line were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium with 10% bovine serum.
The cells were treated with different concentration (2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 μM) of curcumin and incubated for 24 and 48 hours. Bioavailability was analyzed by MTS kit. The expression of p21 and Bcl-2 genes were investigated after 24, 48 and 72 hours by Real Time- PCR analysis in treated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line.

The results of the MTS assay indicate that the treatment with concentration of 7.5 mM of curcumin at both incubation times significantly reduced the bioavailability of the anaplastic thyroid cells compared to the control and other experimental groups. Furthermore, the P21 and Bcl-2 genes  expression were significantly changed in treatment with 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 μM concentrations of curcumin for 24, 48 and 72 hours, compared to control group.

Curcumin has an inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of anaplastic thyroid cancer cells.

Acute exhaustive activities result in the physiological and immunological changes of the human body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term consumption of Aloe Vera extract on immunoglobulin M, G, A responses and cortisol concentrations in active girls following exhaustive CrossFit exercise.

In this study, 30 healthy young girls (age 23.03 ± 2.33 years, weight 65.55 ± 6.36 kg, BMI 22.99 ± 2.47 kg/m2) were randomly divided into two experimental group (consumption of 300 mg Aloe Vera extract and exhausting activity) and control group (consumption of 300 mg placebo and exhausting activity). After the two-week supplementation, both groups performed CrossFit workout until exhaustion. Blood samples were taken to measure the humoral immune variables in similar conditions in three stages of pre-test, after two weeks of Aloe Vera consumption and after the exhaustive activity. The data were analyzed using independent T-test, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni’s post-hoc test in SPSS software (P-value≤ 0.05).

The results demonstrated that the levels of immunoglobulins A, G, and M (p = 0.001) were significantly increased after two weeks of Aloe Vera consumption, however, the acute exhaustive exercise significantly reduced these factors. On the other hand, cortisol levels increased significantly after one session of acute exhaustive exercise (p = 0.001), which was not significant in the Aloe Vera consumer group (p = 0.621).

It seems that the consumption of Aloe Vera extract for two weeks can moderate the suppressive effects of acute exhaustive exercise on the immune system of active young girls through improving the immune system factors and preventing the increase of cortisol concentration.

Obesity is a chronic and progressive disease that is associated with decreased quality of life and long-term concerns about physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation with cognitive behavior therapy on appearance schemas and weight self-efficacy lifestyle in obese people.

This quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design was performed on obese people referring to psychological counseling centers and Arian Pouya Obesity Research Clinic in Mashhad in 2020. A total number of 40 subjects were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into two experimental (n = 20) and control groups (n = 20). The experimental group received transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive behavior therapy, and the control group received only fictitious stimulation with cognitive behavior therapy. Data were collected using a weight efficiency lifestyle questionnaire and an appearance schema questionnaire.

The results showed that there was significant difference between the mean scores of appearance schemas in the two experimental and control groups (p <0.05). Furthermore, a significant difference was found between two groups in terms of the mean scores of lifestyle and weight efficiency (p <0.05).

The transcranial direct current stimulation with cognitive behavior therapy can be used to treat the clinical signs and symptoms in obese people.

The health care financing is one of the most important concerns of most governments and the health donors funding play an important role in this field. The purpose of this study is to design a health financing model in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education with the approach of health donors social participation.

This qualitative study was conducted using the basic theory method during 2019 and 2020 at the level of medical universities in the country. Participants in the current study were experts, including university professors and health donors. Sampling was performed by purposive method. Data were collected through unstructured in-depth interviews with experts and continued until the theoretical saturation stage was reached. The data were analyzed based on the paradigm model of Strauss and Corbin.

After analyzing the data, 123 primary codes, 27 sub-categories and 13 main categories were determined in order to be account in designing the health financing model including, motivation for financial assistance to the health system in the community, building trust among health donors, justifying and explaining health system development plans for donors, enabling the visit of health system plans and projects for charities, informing the community about the positive effects of social participation in the health system, positive strengthening of charitable actions, promoting a culture of community participation, religious advice on endowments, legal restrictions on health donors social participation, the economic situation of the society, systematic collection  and appropriate using of financial resources from the health donors , and  improvement of the countrychr('39')s health system.

It can be concluded that improving the motivation of financial assistance to the health system in society with the approach of social participation of health donors will ultimately lead to improving the health system. However, in this regard, sufficient attention should be paid to different strategies, conditions and related contexts according to the findings of this study.

Improving nurseschr('39') job satisfaction plays an important role in improving the quality of nursing care services. Nurseschr('39') leadership style is one of the most important factors affecting nurseschr('39') job satisfaction. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of transformational and transactional leadership training to head nurses on nurseschr('39') job satisfaction.

This quasi-experimental study of two training styles (transformational leadership and transactional leadership styles) was conducted with the participation of 11 head nurses and 216 staff nurses from Imam Reza (AS) and Ghaem (AS) hospitals in Mashhad. The transformational and transactional leadership styles were taught to two groups of head nurses within six two-hour training and practical sessions in one month. The job satisfaction questionnaire was completed by staff nurses before the intervention and one month later. The results of the questionnaires were compared between groups, before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21.

Nurses’ Job satisfaction increased in the both transformational (p <0.001) and transactional (p = 0.033) groups after the intervention However, it was higher in the transformational management group compared to the transactional management group.

Full-range leadership styles training including transformational- transactional and Laissez-faire leads to a further increase in job satisfaction of staff nurses.

Diabetes is a major public health problem. The self-care behaviorschr('39') training is one of the important factors in the control of this disease. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the efficacy of two educational methods including telephone counseling with questions and answers and educational CD and pamphlets on self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 50 type 2 diabetes patients randomly assigned to two groups that were trained by telephone counseling with questions and answers and pamphlets with CDs. The statistical population included patients over 30 years’ old who referred to Bala Khaf Comprehensive Rural Health Service Centers in 2020. Data were collected at the beginning of the study and two months after the training through valid and reliable questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21.

The mean age of the patients receiving telephone counseling and the educational pamphlet were 61.76 ± 9.38 and 58.64 ± 6.80, respectively. Women comprised 60% of the study population. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in self-care behaviors. The mean score of the self-care behaviors were higher in one of the groups receiving telephone counseling with questions and answers (p <0.001). This difference was also observed in the patients’ self-care subscales (p <0.05).

Telephone counseling training with questions and answers was more effective on self-care behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes. It is suggested that this educational method can be used to change the self-care behaviors of these patients.

The demand for freshwater resources has led scientists to use saline water and effluents. One of the cost-effective methods is the use of salinity-resistant plants to bioremediate saline effluents. Quinoa is a medicinal plant with high nutritional value that can control salinity stress in various ways. The present study was conducted with the aim of examining bioremediation of saline effluent using quinoa and the effect of salinity stress on this plant under hydroponic cultivation.

The experiments were performed in triplicate under hydroponic environment in four salinity levels including 5 (drinking water, control), 10 and 15 ds/m and pH of 5.5-6. Finally, some important morphological characteristics as well as the amount of absorption of important elements in different parts of the plant were measured in order to analyze the behavior of plants against salinity.

The results showed that among the morphological characteristics  measured for quinoa leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and panicle dry weight have significant differences in different levels of water salinity (P<0.05). There were also a significant differences between the amount of studied elements (calcium, sodium, potassium, chlorine and magnesium) in leaves, stems, roots, panicles and the whole quinoa plant with salinity levels (P<0.05). The amount of calcium and potassium absorbed in different organs of quinoa in most cases were significantly decreased with increasing water salinity, while the absorption of sodium, chlorine and magnesium were increased.

According to the results, it can be concluded that quinoa is a salinity resistant plant that can be used to remediate effluents containing high amounts of salinity.

Acute acoustic trauma is an important cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Determination of the frequency and contributing factors for vestibular disorders is important, therefore, the current study was performed to assess these factors in patients referred to the ears, nose, and throat (ENT) clinic of one of the hospitals in Tehran, Iran, during the years 2017 to 2019.

This cross-sectional descriptive comparative study was conducted with participation of 31 patients with SNHL due to acute acoustic trauma referred to the ENT clinic of one of the Tehran hospitals during the years 2017 to 2019.  All patients were analyzed for demographic and clinical characteristics.

The vestibular disorder was seen in 14 cases (45.16%). The mean age was 36.1 and 31 years in participants with and without vestibular disorder (P=0.013). The increase in P13 latency in the left ears of patients (P=0.021) was the only audiological related parameter to vestibular disorders. The number of traumatic events and the time has passed since the traumatic experience had no effect on vestibular disorders. (P > 0.05).

The results of this study showed that older age and longer latency of P13 in the left ear could be considered as related factors affecting the development of vestibular disorders in patients with sensorineural hearing loss due to the acute acoustic trauma.  No correlation was found with other indicators.