Journal of Clinical Physiotherapy Research
Volume:5 Issue: 3, Summer 2020

Football is one of the most popular sports in the world, however, the risk of injury in football players is high. So, it is necessary to do exercises that prevent injury. The FIFA 11+ warm-up program is one of the most recent injury prevention programs developed by FIFA. This program includes warm-up preparation exercises. Recently, many studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of this program in injury prevention. The purpose of this review study was to investigate the effect of FIFA 11+ training on the extent to which football players are injured and their performance.

Using the keywords of Football, Soccer, Injury prevention, FIFA 11, and FIFA 11+ in the Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed databases, related studies were searched from 2002 to 2019. Finally, 6 studies had the inclusion criteria.

Players who used the FIFA 11+ program reported less damage. Also, those who followed the intermittent exercise program showed a significant improvement in performance and health-related factors.

FIFA 11+ training is recommended as a type of warm-up exercise due to its ease of use in soccer athletes, as it has been shown that doing this exercise program can significantly reduce the risk of injury in footballers.

Since the height of the medial longitudinal arch decreases in people with flatfeet, thereby resulting in biomechanical changes in the foot-ankle complex, the use of medical insoles as a common treatment has been of interest for therapists. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of using medical insoles on the kinematics of lower-limb joints during walking in male athletes with flexible flatfeet. 

A total of 15 male athletes with flexible flatfeet with mean±standard deviation (SD) of age of 21.33±3.39 years, height of 178.72±5.28 cm, and weight of 71.76±8.04 kg participated in the study. The peak angles of ankle, knee, and hip movements in the stance phase of gait in three conditions (bare feet, sandals with insoles, and sandals without insoles) were assessed by eight motion analysis capture cameras (VICON UK). Data analysis was carried out by repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test in SPSS software. P-value≤0.05 was considered as the significance level. 

The findings showed that in individuals with flatfeet, the variables of the peak points of the ankle dorsiflexion (P=0.001) in mid-stance and knee flexion (P=0.001) in loading response were significantly different between test conditions. However, there was no significant difference between the peak points for the ankle plantar flexion (P=0.24), knee extension (P=0.92), and hip extension (P=0.87). 

The results showed that controlling the foot motion during walking using sandals and custom medical insoles can make changes in the kinematics of the ankle and knee joints. However, it did not have a significant effect on hip kinematics.

Evaluation and analysis of scientific outputs and between-keywords relationship could provide the investigators with useful information. The aim of this study was mapping of scientific outputs in the field of physiotherapy, with applying the co-word analysis in the ISI Web of Science database.

This study was a scientometric approach using the co-word and network analyses in the field of physiotherapy. Published papers from 2000 to 2018 were reviewed and the results were analyzed by Excel, UCINET, Netdraw and VOSviewer.

Results showed an increasing trend of scientific outputs in the field of physiotherapy. United States of America (USA) achieved the first rank (7400 documents) followed by England and Australia. Among the Middle East countries, Turkish with 981 documents achieved the first rank while Iran with 235 documents owned the third rank. Regarding the frequently used subjects, the most scientific outputs in the field of physiotherapy were shared with Physical medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopedic, Neuroscience, Sport medicine, Internal medicine, Surgery, Rheumatology, Health medicine, Pediatrics, and Pulmonology. Results revealed rehabilitation, physiotherapy, exercise, physical therapy, and management based on degree centrality and disability, therapy, physiotherapy, outcome based on both of the betweenness and closeness centrality had the most impact on the network.

Regarding the trend of scientific outputs, physiotherapy is most related to orthopedic, neuroscience, and pediatric. Moreover, scientific interaction to increase scientific outputs in Iran and other Middle East countries seems to be essential. Additionally, mapping of co-word analyses could provide the policy makers with information regarding the research, key words, and the relationship between key words in the field of physiotherapy. Therefore, they can plan essential and appropriate programs to improve both the quality and quantity of the scientific outputs in this field.

Parkinson's disease is a chronic multisystem disease that can cause motor and non-motor symptoms and cognitive changes. One of the most important conservative treatments for Parkinson's disease is physiotherapy. Lack of simultaneous attention to the cognitive aspect of rehabilitation consistent with its physical aspect may be one of the effective reasons for the ineffectiveness of Parkinson's exercise therapy, which has not been considered before. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of fifteen sessions of combined rehabilitation (cognitive and exercise therapy) and conventional rehabilitation (exercise therapy) with virtual monitoring method on the impulsivity of Parkinson's patients.

This pretest-posttest study had two groups of intervention. The patients were of both sexes and between 50 and 75 years old. The two groups of combined rehabilitation (n=32) and conventional rehabilitation (n=31) were examined for 15 sessions. Before and after the interventions, the level of impulsivity was determined by Barratt questionnaire. The method of measuring and monitoring the interventions in virtual space was designed and implemented. The scores obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS 26 software. Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the mean scores due to the abnormality of the variables.

The results showed that after 15 sessions of intervention, there was a significant difference between the two groups of samples in the impulsivity scores of unplanning and coping stability. Combined rehabilitation intervention (cognitive and exercise therapy) had a greater effect on patients' impulsivity than conventional rehabilitation (exercise therapy).

Performing both combined and conventional rehabilitation interventions reduced the impulsivity of Parkinson's patients. However, in the group that received combined rehabilitation, the rate of this reduction was significant in most cases. Further interdisciplinary research between physiotherapy and cognitive rehabilitation is recommended, especially for neurological patients such as Parkinson's disease.

 Rocker-soled shoes are usually used to help for preventing foot problems in the diabetic population. However, different designs of rocker sole exist, there is limited knowledge regarding their effect on gait parameters in diabetic patients. 

Six subjects with type 2 diabetes (4 males, and 2 females) walked in a gait laboratory setting. A three-dimensional motion capture system was used to acquire gait data when walking barefoot, with un-adapted footwear, or footwear adapted with a heel-to-toe rocker sole. The gait variables were as follows: spatiotemporal parameters (walking speed, cadence, percentage of stance phase, and stride length) and sagittal range of motion of ankle, knee, and hip joints. 

 Among spatiotemporal parameters, only the stance phase percentage was significantly increased when the subjects walked with the rocker-soled footwear (12%) and un-adapted footwear (10.7%) compared with barefoot walking, but not significant difference between 2 footwear conditions. There were no significant differences between the three test conditions in hip, knee or ankle joint ranges of motion in the sagittal plane. 

 This pilot study demonstrated that footwear can potentially be adapted with a rocker sole profile in diabetic patients without significantly affecting hip, knee and ankle sagittal plane kinematics.