مجله پژوهش پرستاری ایران
پیاپی 71 (خرداد و تیر 1400)

 Chest tube installation leads to several complications including pain and anxiety which in this case can become serious and affect the quality of life. Since non-pharmacological interventions can be used instead of drugs.

This study is designed as a non-randomized clinical trial with control group. A total number of 81 were divided into 41 as intervention group and 40 as control group with convenient sampling method. Pain and anxiety lead from having chest tube were measured once daily in both control and intervention groups. Interventions including chest physiotherapy, pursed-lip breathing and upper limb exercises were performed after sampling in control group was finished. Sampling was done within total time of almost 7 months. Data gathering tools were visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and anxiety. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.16.

There was a significant difference between mean scores of pain (P<0.05) and anxiety (P<0.05) among intervention and control group after performing interventions which were lower in the intervention group.

Since performing concurrent respiratory workout and mobility exercises had a positive effect on reducing pain and anxiety in post-operative lung cancer surgery patients with chest tube, results can be used to reduce these complications in those patients.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Mastectomy as a primary treatment changes the quality of life. Self-care plays an important role in promoting health behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-care program on quality of life in women with Breast Cancer having mastectomy.

This semi-experimental study was performed with before and after design and control group among women with Breast Cancer having mastectomy referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in 2020. Sixty patients with inclusion criteria (30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group) were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups using a quadruple block. Data were collected by self-report method using demographic questionnaire, specific quality of life questionnaire, before and three months after the intervention. The intervention included 6 sessions of 45-60 minutes of virtual self-care training (simultaneous and asynchronous) for the intervention group. The control group received the usual training of the research environment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Ver.22 software and inferential statistical methods of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Fisher exact test, independent t-test and chi-square, paired t-test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used.

The results of independent t-test showed that the quality of life score before the intervention was not significant between the experimental and control groups (p = 0.009) but after the intervention there was a significant difference (p <0.001). The intervention caused a 21.80% increase in quality of life in the intervention group, but these changes showed a decrease of -10.06% in the quality of life in the control group.
Discussion and

Self-care program training in women with Breast Cancer having mastectomy can increase and improve their quality of life. it is highly recommended to focus on the self-care in the care and training programs of the target group in inpatient and outpatient centers and community.

insufficient depressive symptom disorder is a main predictor of Major Depression Disorder. Therefore, the aim of this study was investigation of effect of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on quality of life, behavioral activation and cognitive emotion regulation in women afflicted insufficient depressive symptom disorder.

this study was Quasi-experimental pretest-posttest and follow-up design that performed in 32 women with insufficient depressive symptom disorder were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received MBCT therapy over 8 session and he control group did not receive any psychological treatment. The Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS), Quality of Life – the short Form- (WHO-QOL-BREF) and cognitive emotion regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) were used to collect the data in the pre-test, post-test and f follow-up. The data were analyzing by the statistical test of mixed variance analysis.

data revealed MBCT significantly improved the all components of quality of life, behavioral activation and cognitive emotion regulation. and the changes made during the follow-up phase were also stable.

The results of this study revealed the effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on quality of life, behavioral activation and cognitive emotion regulation of women with insufficient depressive symptom disorder. In this way, mental health professionals can prevent the onset of major depressive disorder by on time screening, diagnosis and treatment of insufficient depressive symptom disorder.

Conflict in marital relationships is a common problem and extensive therapeutic interventions have been suggested to reduce them and increase marital adjustment. The purpose of this study was to the comparison of the effectiveness of schema mode therapy and emotionally focused couple therapy on marital adjustment in couples with marital conflict.

This experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all couples with marital conflict who refer to Ahvaz counseling centers in year 2019, using a purposive sampling method, 45 couple were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (each group of 15 couples). To collect data marital adjustment of Spanir (1986) questionnaire were used. The experimental groups underwent individual schema mode therapy training (12 sessions 120 minutes) and emotionally focused couple therapy training (14 sessions 90 minutes), but the control group received no training. Data were analyzed by analysis of Covariance Analysis in SPSS-19 software.

The changes in the intervention groups compared to the control group in assessment steps was significantly different (P≤0.05) in marital adjustment (F = 6.011, P = 0.001) and about 22% of the observed differences in the marital adjustment variable are due to group membership (interventions). Benfroni subordinate test was used to compare these changes over time. Changes between pretest with posttest, pretest with follow-up and posttest with follow-up were significant only in the intervention groups (P≤0.05). Also, Benfroni subordinate test for pairwise comparison of groups showed that there is no significant difference between the experimental groups(p>0.05); But there is a significant difference between each of the experimental groups with the control group (P≤0.05).

The results showed that both schema mode therapy and emotionally focused couple therapy were effective to increasing marital adjustment in couples with marital conflict (p<0.05) and the results showed that there was significant difference in favor of emotionally focused couple therapy between the effectiveness of schema mode therapy and emotionally focused couple therapy on increasing marital adjustment in couples with marital conflict (p<0.05).

The results indicate that both schema mode therapy and emotionally focused couple therapy were effective in increasing marital adjustment in couples with marital conflict. Therefore, it is recommended that therapists and family counselors use these therapies along with other therapeutic interventions to increase marital adjustment and reduce marital conflict.

Arterial blood gas interpretation is necessary to train nurses in intensive care units. The need to use modern educational methods to improve the knowledge of nurses with long-term durability is considered important. Regarding the importance of using technology in nursing education and the necessity of interpretation of arterial blood gas testing, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of arterial blood gas interpretation training on mobile phones on the knowledge of intensive care unit nurses.

This quasi-experimental study were performed on 114 critical care units nurses of three teaching hospital affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences.The hospitals were randomized in three groups (application smartphone, lecture) and controls were allocated. Lecture group content and application smartphone packages was the same content. In the educational application group on mobile phones, educational content was designed as software in the Android environment. The app was installed on the mobile phones of nurses working in the intensive care unit, and they were asked to use it during the day. In the lecture group, the same content was presented in person in two sessions. The control group did not have any special training in this field during this period. The study tool was a questionnaire that included demographic data and researcher-made scale on the interpretation of blood gases. The questionnaires were completed before and 4 weeks after the training in groups. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software 21 and descriptive and inferential statistical tests.

The mean age of the samples was 28.91 ± 2. 12 and 1.66 ± 0.89 years of professional experience in intensive care unit. In two groups, after the intervention, the score obtained from the blood gas interpretation test was increased The difference between the mean test scores of the educational application group in mobile phone (77.46) and lecture (73.79) compared to the control group (54.57) was statistically significant (p <0.001). In other words, using application smartphone had significantly more effect on nurseschr learning. In other words, using application smartphone had significantly more effect on nurseschr  learning.

Considering the results of this study indicating the positive effect of application smartphone learning on nurseschr knowledge, Therefore, it is recommended as an alternative method or use other training supplements for teaching special cases such as blood gases interpretation in nursing.

Due to the role of obesity in mental health and the importance of emotional regulation in these patients, the need to pay attention to the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy in women with obesity has been neglected. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in regulating emotion and mental health of obese women.

The present study was a quasi-experimental pretest, posttest with a control group. The statistical population included all obese women who referred to the obesity treatment center of Rasoul Akram Hospital in Tehran in 2019; From the research community, among the eligible individuals who volunteered for cooperation, 30 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data collection tools included the Gross and John Emotion Regulation Scale (2003) and the WHO Quality of Life Short Scale (2000). The experimental group participated in eight sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy program Mitchell et al. (2007), but the control group did not receive any intervention and were placed on a waiting list for treatment. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS-24 software.

The results showed that in the post-test, after adjusting the post-test scores on the pre-test scores, the mean scores of reassessment and mental health of the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group, but the mean repression score decreased (p <0.001).

Based on the results of this study, group cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used as a complementary therapy along with other treatment methods to improve emotion regulation and psychological health of obese women.

The purpose of this study was to the relationship between goal orientation and academic procrastination with academic burnout with emphasis on the mediating role of academic self-regulation in nursing students.

The research method is correlation using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study consisted of all nursing students of Bojnourd University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 98-99, out of which 303 students were selected by stage cluster sampling. Research instruments included: Maslash & Jackson (1981) Burnout Questionnaire, Solomon & Rathblom (1984) Academic Procrastination Scale, Pintrich & De Groot (MSLQ) Learning Inventory Questionnaire (1990) and Orientation Assessment Questionnaire Targets by Elliott and McGregor (2001), all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. In order to analyze the data from the software Amos-24 was used.

The results showed that all indicators of the research model are in the desired range. In general, fit indices are in acceptable ranges. Also, the relationship between goal orientation and academic procrastination with academic burnout is not significant, but there is a significant relationship between academic self-regulation and academic burnout. Academic self-regulation also mediates between goal orientation and academic burnout, but academic self-regulation does not mediate between academic procrastination and academic burnout.

The officials of medical universities should pay serious attention to the issue of studentschr academic burnout and prepare appropriate plans in the form of long-term plans to reduce it.

Depression is a common problem in the elderly that can be affected by various variables. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the rejection perception and depression syndrome with the mediating role of emotional schemas in the elderly in Rasht.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the statistical population of the elderly living in nursing homes in Rasht in 2020 year.  The sample consisted of 218 people from one government center and five non-government centers by cluster random sampling. The instruments of this study included demographic information questionnaire, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Perceived Rejection Scale (PRS) and Emotional Schemas Scale (ESS). In order to analyze the data SPSS-24, Amos-24 and R-4,0,2 statistical software were used.

The results showed that the rejection perception and emotional schemas are directly related to depression symptoms in the elderly (P <0.05). rejection perception is also related to emotional schemas of the elderly (P <0.05). The results also showed that the variable of rejection perception with mediating the variable of emotional schemas has a significant relationship on depression in the elderly (Z = 7.47, P <0.05).

rejection perception and emotional schemas were among the factors affecting depression in the elderly living in nursing homes in Rasht. It is suggested that psychologists and other helpers to reduce depression in the elderly pay attention to appropriate therapeutic interventions to reduce the rejection perception and modify emotional schemas.

Clinical competence is considered as the use of knowledge, skills, abilities, behaviors and characteristics to successfully perform important work tasks in the field of mental health nursing. Despite training that prepares nurses for diagnosis and intervention to promote mental health and reduce the risk of psychiatric illness, most nurses are currently limited in their willingness to provide psychiatric care.Therefore, the aim of this study was to Evaluation of psychiatric nursing clinical competencies in nurses working in Razi Psychiatric Hospital affiliated to the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences from the Viewpoints of themselves and their head-nurses in 2019.

This study is a descriptive cross-sectional research. The sample consisted of 173 nurses working in Razi Psychiatric Hospital affiliated to the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. After obtaining written informed consent, they were enrolled in the study. The number of head-nurses was 25, who filled out the checklists for their subordinate nurses. The following tools were used to collect data: 1. Demographic Questionnaire, 2. Psychiatric nurses clinical competencies self-assessment questionnaire, and 3. Checklist of clinical competencies of psychiatric nurses. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.                                                                                                                                                 

The total score for self-assessment of competencies was 148.62 and the total score for evaluation of nurses was 118.9. This means that the nurses rated their clinical competence at an excellent level and the head nurses rated their clinical competence at a good level. None of the independent variables had a significant relationship with the dependent variables (self-assessment of clinical competencies and evaluation of clinical competencies by the head nurse).

In general, it can be concluded that the clinical competence of psychiatric nurses was desirable from the perspective of themselves and their supervisors. Providing a model and performance plan for assessing clinical competency can help nursing managers and head nurses monitor their clinical staff in relation to their level of clinical skills. Because nurses need clinical competence in all aspects for optimal clinical performance. So that managers and supervisors should have full control over the clinical competence of their nursing staff and identify and encourage highly qualified staff and be aware of the areas in which nurses suffer from weakness and inadequacy and try to strengthen weaknesses.
Keywords: Psychiatric Nursing, Clinical Competence