نشریه اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری
سال دوم شماره 2 (تابستان 1400)

The issue of quality crisis in city’s landscape and consequently urban furniture in the current situation is one of the major challenges of cities and also one of the main concerns for implementers and users of urban environments. Architects and urban planners believe that today's urban environments, although equipped with furniture and have tried to play an important role in responding and serving citizens, do not have the appropriate approach to meet this goal. The purpose of this study is to provide a coherent theoretical framework to explain the appropriate approach to this urban furniture and its components using the mental model of local landscape experts in the urban streets of Tehran. Each of the experts in this field has pointed to one of the dimensions of the process, but a comprehensive model of the dimensions and indicators of the process-oriented and the relationship between them has not been presented. In this research, first by reviewing the literature, the dimensions and indicators of the process are identified and in the next step, by studying the examples and global experiences, important concepts in achieving the appropriate approach in using separators in city streets are addressed. The results show that it is necessary for the pedestrian guardrails to be designed based on identity and landscape of each street and in accordance with other components of the street as an urban sign to increase the readability for the audience.

The protection of historical, cultural and natural heritage is a vital necessity in the present era. Carrying this operation out has great enconomic, social and cultural benefits that will play a role as an effective factor to establish sustainable development. In the current years, Iran follows the development prospects programs to expand its non oil industries such as cultural heritage industry that will play an important role in the sustainable development, and decrease its maladaptive and humongous dependence on oil export revenue. Since protection of historical remains and preservation of heritage of the Iranian civilization is a public duty, boosting public participation in the safekeeping process would be highly effective in protection and sustainable prosperity of the aforementioned heritages. As sustainable development is a multidisciplinary paradigm, a multi-attribute decision making approach is needed. The current study, implements a combination of hierarchical structure and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to respectively obtain the significance of sustainable development’s attributes, and the options of maximizing the public's involvement. Based on the results, protection of natural resources and use of the various potentials of the social networks was the most important attribute and option, respectively. Due to relative sustainability of the ranking lists after performing the sensitivity analysis, it could be concluded that the decision making process was done properly. Hence, this approach is recommended for other managerial and conservation issues in different fields of civil engineering and architecture.

The position of the market and their key role in shaping the fabric of Iranian cities is undeniable, so it can be said; One of the most obvious manifestations of traditional Iranian architecture and urban planning is the urban bazaar complex, which acts as the backbone and beating heart of the city in fact; The market is an urban phenomenon and at the same time it is a factor for urbanization that has always acted as the main nourishing tissue of the city. The present study is a descriptive-analytical method and using library studies to understand the role and formation of the market in urban planning and Explains the content, efficiency and effectiveness of Qazvin market and its impact on the urban development of this city and uses the SWOT technique to analyze the sample in line with the objectives of the research; The importance of the present study is that in addition to expressing the role of the market in the formation of cities, etc., it also examines the position of the market and its elements in the city. In general, our historical cities have taken a physical shape around the axis called the bazaar, so much so that it can be said that the bazaar is one of the social, economic, cultural and physical arteries of the city. They are formed in the direction of a main order.

All over the world, urban spaces have been among the most important places for tourism for many years. Thus, today, strategic management and planning for such spaces require dynamic and systematic perspectives that can be ensured by using urban tools and stimuli. Among these stimuli is the tourism industry, especially sports tourism. Based on the country's sports tourism talents, in talented areas such as Gonbad Kavous city, achieving targeted planning and management seems necessary. Hence, the present study, to formulate and select a strategy; uses strategic analysis that requires the identification and analysis of internal strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats of the studied environment. The SWOT matrix is one of the techniques that can be used for strategic analysis. This matrix evaluates strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and environmental threats, but the results do not provide the ability to assess the appropriateness of decision options based on factors and their ranking. Therefore, in this study, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used to calculate the weight and importance of each of the identified criteria and sub-criteria. Based on the results, external opportunities with a relative weight of 0.375, internal strengths with 0.342 and external threats with 0.178, and finally internal weaknesses with 0.105, respectively, were prioritized. In addition, the results show that the most important practical strategy for the development of sports tourism in urban spaces of Gonbad Kavous city is the SO strategy with a utility index of 0.437.

Statistics of the Statistics Center of Iran show that, Sistan and Baluchestan province, according to the five-year periods of population and housing statistics of the Statistics Center, Leveling the economic security of the cities of the province to achieve the development model can be considered as a right path. Therefore, the research question is: What is the zoning situation of the cities of Sistan and Baluchestan province in terms of economic security? The present research is based on applied purpose and scientific research and based on the nature and method, descriptive-analytical method has been used. The nature of the data used is quantitative and the method of data collection and field information is documentary. The writing framework can be compiled based on the interrelationship of security indicators in the economic dimension, data collection through library studies and field research (interview) and preparation of a questionnaire. Based on the results obtained in the field of economic security in indicators of smuggling of goods and currency, etc., border markets, unemployment rate, variable income, financial poverty, employment and job opportunities by foreign nationals, deprivation of the city in terms of infrastructure, water shortage Consecutive droughts, false jobs, distance from the main axes of development, job security of Fanuj, Qasr Ghand, Mehrestan (Zaboli), Zabol and Konarak counties are more secure than other counties, respectively.

Tree green space has a remarkable positive effect on neighboring land and building prices mainly due to its shading and aesthetic quality. Yet, this value are often overlooked. This paper aims to estimate the effect of tree green space on building price in Jahanshahr neighborhood of Karaj city. Hedonic pricing method was used to value tree green space. The data on 220 residential real estate transactions in 2016 within study areas were obtained from the state-owned Rahbar informatics services company. Spatial information and characteristics of neighborhood and tree green space were collected using QuickBird satellite image and Arc Gis10/3 software. Tree green space neighboring studied buildings was quantified using the percentage of tree crown cover within different radius window surrounding the properties. Then, the optimal radius providing the highest correlation between tree cover and building prices was used in the hedonic model. The findings showed that the characteristics of building and tree green space have significant effects on per-m2 price of buildings. The optimal radius used to calculate tree cover around residential buildings found to be 300 meters. Price elasticity revealed that every 1% increase in the tree cover raise the per-m2 price by 0.6% at the sample mean. Therefore, tree green space in Jahanshar with average tree cover of 29/4 % raise the per-m2 price of buildings by 17/6 %. The results also showed that a 1% increase in the road distance to closest park reduces the per-m2 price of buildings by 9.1%. Finally, % morexpensive.