نشریه جغرافیا و مطالعات محیطی
پیاپی 39 (پاییز 1400)

Economic development, as one of the key pillars for development in developing countries, must be pursued with firm determination. There are many components within the lands of countries to achieve economic development One of these components, considering some ports and cities, is the free zone in order to facilitate lucrative trade for the country, border region and province concerned, and nationally and regionally in general. And even set some free zones around the world for economic development. Although there are seven free zones in Iran, the level of economic development within the country remains inadequate. Aras Free Zone is one of those areas in the northwest of the country that can play an important role in developing economic relations as a bridge linking the Caucasus and Eastern Europe. The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of Aras Free Zone on economic development of the country. To achieve this goal, the paper is a descriptive-analytical research using library resources and websites. The results show that the Aras Free Zone at local and national scale has had a better impact on Iran's economic development than the regional scale.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of rural development using SWOT and AHP models (Case study: Pesikhan village in the central part of Rasht). This research is a descriptive-analytical research and in terms of the purpose of an applied research. The statistical population of the study consists of officials and villagers of Pesikhan village in the central part of Rasht. The method of collecting information is field and library. Statistics and information available in the culture of settlements during statistical periods have been used to study. SWOT and AHP models were used to analyze the data. The results indicate that the village of Safsar is at the level of a development and is one of the developed villages of the village and Klash Talshan and Atashgah villages are relatively developed villages and other rural areas are underdeveloped villages of the village. Although studies show that there is a lot of potential in the villages of Pesikhan district to achieve rural development; However, in the current situation of rural settlements in Rasht, there is an imbalance in the level of development and the development of villages in this city is facing serious challenges and obstacles. This indicates that the rural settlements of Rasht city have suffered from imbalances and imbalances in the level of development and should be considered with the help of rural villages and village councils, if possible, considering the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the region. Have services.

Drought is one of the most important natural hazards and often affects the lives of many people and causes economic damage, environmental damage and social problems. This study was conducted to evaluate the drought trend, intensity and duration during 1988-2019 in relation to the existing climates in the southern Alborz region. To describe droughts in 3, 6, 12 and 24-month time scales, two drought indices, namely standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) were used. In the case of SPEI, evapotranspiration was an important factor in monitoring drought. Therefore, (HS) method was used to calculate evapotranspiration. Drought intensity and duration maps were presented for SPI and SPEI. The correlation between SPI and SPEI was also examined. In the present results, unlike humid climates, SPI does not have a good correlation with SPEI in extremely arid and arid climates and shows the importance of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) to identify drought in these areas and the index (SPEI) has more accurate monitoring results. Relative to the index (SPI). In addition, drought intensity maps for (SPI) and (SPEI) have shown that the region is experiencing very dry conditions and water resources are affected by intense drought in the short and medium term. Short-term drought in the east of the region (Zanjan) and long-term drought in the center and west of the region (Garmsar, Semnan, Karaj, Tehran) have been more.