فصلنامه مددکاری اجتماعی
سال نهم شماره 34 (زمستان 1399)

Divorce is a stressor and challenging experience for spouses that usually occur while family process and content is inefficient. The evidence base, cognitive schema affect the quality of family process and content. So present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on increasing family process and content in couples demanding a uncontested divorce. 

Methodology was semi-experiment and design of pretest-posttest with a control group. Twenty participants (ten demanding couples) of uncontested divorce were selected by purposeful sampling through referents to counseling centers in Ghazvin and assigned to experimental and control groups. The baseline of the family process and content of all participants were measured. Psychoeducational interventions based on schema therapy were done on the experimental group in twelve sessions and for the control group, no intervention was done. Then family process and content of all participants were measured in the posttest. data were analyzed using multiple covariance and Bonferroni. 

Findings indicated that the level of the family process and content of participants in schema therapy sessions significantly was higher than the control group.(P<0.01)

The results provide some evidence to suggest that intervention based on schema therapy is an efficient Psychoeducational package for increasing the family process and content of couples demanding a uncontested divorce. Therefore, to promoting of family process and content in confecting couples, and preventing uncontested divorce, it was suggested to use interventions based on schema therapy.

The parentless and neglectful parenting children are the bitter reality of many societies and countries whose roots go back to the institution of the family and society. The prevalence of behavioral problems among parentless and neglectful parenting children is higher than other children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of narrative therapy on bullying and coercion in parentless and neglectful parenting children.

The research design was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and a control group. The statistical population included all The parentless and neglectful parenting children in welfare childcare centers in Shiraz in 2017-2018. Thirty children were selected by accessible sampling method and randomly and assigned to experimental and control groups of fifteen people in each group. Research tools included the Illinois Bullying scale and Olweus Bullying Questionnaire. The experimental group participated in eight sessions of sixty-minute narrative therapy sessions while the control group received no training during this period. In the end, questionnaires were administered to both groups again.

The results showed that the mean scores of bullying in all three components bullying, victimization, and quarrel and coercion in all three verbal, social and physical components in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group in the post-test. In other words, Narrative therapy has reduced bullying in parentless and neglectful parenting children.

Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that narrative therapy has reduced bullying in the parentless and with neglectful parenting children.

 When learned helplessness formed in the person, the path to any motivation and effort ends, and in that personchr('39')s mind any movement results in failures. The present research was aimed at the effectiveness of the attributional retraining program on the learned helplessness and achievement motivation of students with low academic achievement.

In this quasi-experimental study, a post-test design with a control group was used. Thirty-two boy middle school students with low academic achievement from Karaj were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned in two treatment and control groups for each sixteen people. The treatment group participated in nine sessions of sixty minutes for five weeks and two times a week in the attributional retraining program. After the intervention, the two groups completed the learned helplessness and achievement motivation questionnaires and their data were compared through multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA).

The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that compared to the control group, the treatment group showed a significant decrease in learned helplessness and a significant improvement in achievement motivation.

The results of this study suggest that training an attributional retraining program can reduce the learned helplessness of students with low academic achievement and improve their achievement motivation.

In the medical model, it is the job of the disabled person to adapt to society, but unlike it in the social model, the community is responsible for adapting the needs of the disabled to the situation. Accordingly, the foremost question of the research is this: According to the importance and status of social support, can it be used as a factor affecting the social health of persons with disabilities? And what is the impact of social support on social health mediated by social support variables and social happiness?

This is descriptive-explanatory research with a descriptive-explanatory approach and the survey method has been used. In measuring the variables, social health based on Keyes indices, social support based on Wellman and Fisher indices, social well-being based on Lindbergh indices, and quality of life were operationalized with the World Health Organization questionnaire. After validity and reliability, the questionnaire was administered among three-hundred ninety physically handicapped persons in Tehran province in 2019 by combining the simple stratified and random sampling method with the estimation of sample size through the Cochran formula.

The findings of the research in structural equation modeling with Smart Pls indicate that the direct effect of social support variable on quality of life and social well-being has a stronger and weaker effect on social health.  

Social vitality is evident, and on the other hand the impact of social vitality and quality of life on social health is strong and acceptable. Finally, the direct and indirect effects of three variables of social support, social happiness, and quality of life on social health were R2=0.33.

Parents have the primary responsibility for raising their children. The impact that parents have on their children is sometimes tangible and sometimes completely intangible. These effects can be examined under the heading of parenting. Various plans have been proposed for parenting, one of the most important of which is to prepare children for marriage, and this study was conducted with the aim of developing a model for parenting marriage.

This research is a combined approach qualitative study using documentary studies, Fuzzy Delphi, and field studies (interviews) in which thirty Semi-structured interviews have been conducted to collect information. Six family and marriage specialists were selected by judgment sampling method, sixteen couples, half of them with marital dissatisfaction and the other half whit marital satisfaction, as well as eight of their parents were selected through a judgmental and voluntary method. To examine the content of the interviews and conceptualize and extract the categories the Strauss and Corbin methods were used.

Data analysis showed that fourteen indicators of gender identity, sexual education, opposite sex attitudes, body image, emotional intelligence, parenting, independence, problem-solving skills, communication skills, social capital(within and outside the family) Hierarchy, demarcation, cultural identity and moral intelligence, which are classified into five categories of educational, psychological, social, cultural and moral factors, play an important role in marriage parenting.

Knowing the criteria and indicators of marriage parenting can help parents, couples, and family therapists to become more aware of what are the effective and appropriate behaviors and methods for marriage parenting, and as a result apply these criteria for more successful and satisfactorily cohabitation and marriage.

Extramarital affairs are one of the most important threats to the stability and continuity of marriage and one of the most severe causes of marital disputes. Divorce is another critical issue that affects and damages the functioning of the family. Accordingly, this study aims to understand extramarital relationships in women and seek effective causes of it.

This is a qualitative study using the qualitative content analysis method. Based on theoretical saturation criteria, thirty-four women participated in this study. A semi-structured interview method was used to collect information.

After analyzing the content of the information obtained from the interviews, the themes of disruption in love and feeling of belonging to the spouse, lack of alignment and companionship, low quality of sexual intercourse, and dysfunctional relationships were identified as the main themes.

The occurrence of extramarital affairs in women is not a one-dimensional phenomenon but the result of the several factorschr('39') interaction, plus the role of interpersonal factors is fundamental. Due to the nature of these factors, paying attention and providing the necessary training to couples in this field can play a decisive role in reducing extramarital affairs.