فصلنامه شهرسازی و معماری هویت محیط
پیاپی 5 (زمستان 1399)

Today, with the rapid growth of smart cities, the street is one of the elements of urban space not been considered. so it is necessary for the city administration to take action to facilitate and facilitate pedestrians. Because the pedestrian orientation of the neighborhood has a significant relationship with the physical-spatial and perceptual-biological components of pedestrian. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the pedestrian quality of Gorgan's Mikchehgaran neighborhood by descriptive-analytical method and use of 100 questionnaires and data analysis with SPSS software. Findings show that there is a high correlation between perceptual-biological and physical-spatial indices with orbital. The results of the research show that residents pay more attention to providing comfort and convenience than providing safety and security in the neighborhood and the aesthetic dimension and providing beauty and diversity for residents is more important than social cohesion and environmental sustainability. and. and. and .and.

Today, paying attention to the way how people spend their leisure time in this age that coronavirus has influenced all dimensions of human society, is one the major concerns of sociologist and urban experts. Following the outbreak of this disease in the world, people have started a new lifestyle in the quarantine, to be safe from the disease. Hence, the purpose of the present study is to get better knowledge and understanding of changes in the lifestyle of citizens while spending their leisure time and the extent to which various factors affect it. The methodology of the research is descriptive-analytical, in terms of purpose, is practical and the method of gathering data and information is both field and library data collection. In the descriptive level, tables, frequency, frequency percentage, average and etc. are used to describe data. In the inferential level the F-test is used for comparative variables. The results of the findings showed that with the outbreak of coronavirus the way citizens spend their leisure time has changed completely. 21.6 percent of citizens have chosen the outdoor environment to spend their leisure time during coronavirus pandemic, which shows 47.7 percent decrease than before coronavirus. After coronavirus pandemic for citizens, immobile recreational activities(media), with a significant increase with an average of 21.8 hours in a week have taken the first place in comparison to before coronavirus pandemic(9.72 hours per week) which shows two times increase. Also, results of F-test show a significant difference between before and during coronavirus pandemic. It is recommended, due to existing restrictions, to have a daily schedule and creativity to get best of the leisure time during coronavirus pandemic, which besides increasing happiness, cheerfulness and entertainment of family members, could be effective to prevent problems caused by this isolation from society such as depression and anxiety.

With the advent of urbanization in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries, the problems of urban life have increased. These problems include increased crime in cities and insecurity. Many sociologists and urban planners agree with the role and impact of urban physics and the design of architectural spaces in crime prevention and suggest design principles and strategies.This study aims to investigate the level of security in terms of physical design in the two residential complexes of Hijab and Ghadir in the Qasemabad area of ​​Mashhad intends to provide design solutions to prevent crimes and social anomalies in these two complexes. In this research, descriptive and analytical methods have been used.For this purpose, the questionnaire and interview method has been used, which includes 15 questions in the questionnaire and 4 questions for the interview, which is through library study and related articles and using different theories of sociologists, urban planners and design architects. Has been.Finally, we answered the answers to these questions based on Cronbach's alpha chart and SPSS software, and provided them with our statistical sample, which is explained in detail in the statistical community section, so that we can evaluate the characteristics. Based on the concepts and results obtained, we will provide design and modified design solutions for the Hijab residential complex, which we will reach at the end of the research.As a result of these studies, principles emerged as an independent theory, now known as location-based CPTED, prevention using environmental design. Thus, the basic concepts of this approach, including territoriality, natural surveillance, environmental quality, access control, and its role in crime reduction, have been expanded to express the basic concepts of CPTED.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of biophilic design elements on the design of urban rivers that are designed according to nature and naturalism and biophilic principles. Biophilic is the inherent biological connection of man with nature that is formed in the urban space and is manifested in different forms of form, function and meaning. According to the research method and in order to achieve the goal, the main research question is as follows; How to design a city that meets the needs of human naturalism? In order to answer the questions, the bed of the plan has been studied and the biophilic elements and its impact on the design of urban rivers have been studied using the characteristics of the urban urban space. The research method is descriptive-analytical that the knowledge and analysis of the subject is done using library and field studies to identify the Balkhloo river. The results obtained in the process of studies indicate that the design of urban rivers as a strong natural capacity for design in cities and are examples of clean, safe, fun and economically efficient space.

Abstract Urban furniture is effective in creating value and attractiveness of added tourism spaces, a place for people to attend and a place for citizens' social interactions, vitality, well-being, comfort, strengthening tourism movements, economic development and job creation. The purpose of this study is the quality of urban furniture components (quality of space, correct placement of furniture, safety, beauty and uneven urban structure) and its impact on the development of urban tourism spaces. The applied method is descriptive-analytical. Library and field methods have been used. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the opinions of experts in the field of urban planning and tourism and the reliability of the instrument was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test. The statistical population included citizens and tourists of the region, the number of samples was estimated based on Cochran's formula 280 people, which was completed by simple random sampling among tourists entering the region and citizens. The results obtained from the sample t-test showed that the quality of urban furniture in Zaribar Lake is not very suitable in terms of the overall dimensions of urban furniture. The results of the regression test are multiple (0.655) are dependent changes and the aesthetic variable model of urban furniture with the highest standard coefficient of 0.843 in explaining its dependent variable. Then the quality of space with a coefficient of 0.519, uneven urban structure with a coefficient of 0.318 and correct placement of urban furniture with a standard coefficient of 0.171 are the variables.