فصلنامه روانشناسی سلامت
پیاپی 38 (تابستان 1400)

Psychological capital can strengthen people's sense of self-efficacy, hope of life, resilience, and optimism. therefore the present study was conducted aiming to investigate effectiveness of psychological capital elements training on psychological flexibility and psychological distress on the women with breast cancer.

It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest with control group. The statistical population of the current study was the women with breast cancer referring to Shohadaye Tajrish hospital in the city of Tehran in three months of the spring of 2018-19. 30 women with breast cancer were selected through with conscious and voluntary consentand they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 15). The women present in the experimental group received psychological capital elements training (Akhondi, 2017) ten ninety-minute sessions of training psychological capitals during ten weeks. The applied questionnaires in this study included the questionnaire of psychological flexibility (Denis and Vanderwal, 2010) and the questionnaire of psychological fusion (Kesler et.al, 2003). The data from the study were analyzed through MANCOVA method.

The results showed that psychological capital elements training has had significant effect on psychological flexibility and psychological distress in the women with breast cancer (p<0.001) in a way that this therapy was able to lead to the improvement of psychological flexibility and decrease of psychological distress in the women with breast cancer.

Considering the study results, psychological capital elements training can be used as an efficient method to improve psychological flexibility and the decrease of psychological distress on the women with breast cancer through applying the concepts such as resilience, hopefulness, self-efficacy and optimism.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based psychotherapy on psychological helplessness, acceptance and pain intensity in People with symptoms of back pain.

In order to achieve the research goal, 28 people suffered from chronic low back pain symptoms by sampling method were selected and randomly assigned to the control and experimental groups and were assessed using multidimensional pain questionnaires, pain acceptance questionnaire and Psychological helplessness questionnaires. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of treatment intervention and the collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results of covariance analysis showed that mindfulness-based psychotherapy had a significant effect on pain severity, pain acceptance and Psychological helplessness of the experimental group compared to the control group. (p<0.05).

The results of the study indicate that the effect of mindfulness-based psychotherapy on psychological helplessness, acceptance and pain intensity in people with back pain symptoms can be used as an effective method.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction therapy on hypochondriasis and anxiety in men suffering from chronic pain.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The target population of this study consisted of male patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain who previously received treatment from Shiraz rehabilitation centers in the second half of 2019. Based on initial evaluation and by use of targeted sampling 30 patients who scored highest in the McGill Pain Questionnaire were selected as the research sample and were randomly assigned to two experiment and control groups, )15 patients( control group and (15 patients) experiment group. For the purpose of data collection Ahwaz Hypochondriasis Questionnaire and Cattell Anxiety Scale questionnaire were administered in pre-test and post-test post stages of this study. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.

the analysis of research data showed that by controlling the effect of pre-test, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean of post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in both hypochondriasis and anxiety.

it is recommended that mindfulness based stress reduction group therapy be used as an effective treatment strategy by mental health counselors, psychologists, and psychotherapists for the reduction of hypochondriasis and anxiety in patients suffering from chronic pain.

Validation of the Maternity Fear Scale can help identify women with high fears of pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the factor structure and validation of the electronic form of the CAQ fear of childbirth questionnaire in pregnant women.

This study is a psychometric tool that the statistical population included all pregnant women in Jiroft. The number of samples was determined based on psychometric criteria of 100 people for the predictive narrative section and 251 people for the convergence narrative section. The samples were selected by cluster sampling. The research information was collected electronically through two questionnaires of childbirth fear (CAQ) and fear of postpartum delivery by sending a questionnaire link to the participants' mobile phones. Content validation methods, convergence and factor analysis were used to evaluate the validity of the scale. The reliability of the scale was assessed by internal consistency and purity reliability methods.

The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the researcher-made questionnaire consists of three factors and has good validity and reliability. The second-order confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the three-factor model. The questionnaire was implemented along with a short form of CAQ fear of childbirth, which had a good reliability and validity with 13 items.

A researcher-made questionnaire on the prevalence of CAQ scares in pregnant women can be used to assess the fear of childbirth in pregnant women.

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world that not only costs a lot for different societies, it also has significant psychological effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of coping therapy on self-control and HbA1c among female patients with type II diabetic.

This study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all diabetic female patients who have been referred to Resalat Medical Laboratory in Tehran. Subjects were screened using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample of this research was 23 persons, who had diabetes and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Data were collected using Tangney's Self-Control Scale (SCS) and Three-Month Blood Glucose Test HbA1c before and after protocol implementation. Coping Therapy was conducted during 8 sessions in the experimental group while the control group did not receive any treatment.

The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the intervention of the Coping Therapy was effective in decreasing HbA1c level (P <0.05), but it did not affect self-control.

According to the research findings, Coping Therapy is an effective method to reduce HbA1c levels in diabetic female patients biomarkers (HbA1c) in female diabetic patients. Therefore, it is suggesting to be used this intervention in diabetic patients.

Physiologic and chronic diseases damage the children’s psychological, communicative, social and emotional processes. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of child-oriented mindfulness on pain self-efficacy and pain anxiety of the children with rheumatism.

It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up period. The statistical society included the children with rheumatism in the city of Isfahan in the autumn of 2018. 30 children with rheumatism were selected through non-random convenient sampling and randomly replaced into experimental and control groups. Then the experimental group received ten sixty-minute sessions of child-oriented mindfulness interventions during three months. The applied questionnaires included pain anxiety signs (Mc Cracken, et.al, 1992) and pain self-efficacy scale (Nicholas, 1989). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA.

The results of the study showed that mindfulness therapy has significantly influenced pain self-efficacy and pain anxiety of the children with rheumatism (F=83.54, F=311.23, p<0.001). Moreover, the results showed that this therapy was able to significantly maintain its effect in time (p<0.001). The degree of statistical effect of mindfulness therapy on mindfulness on pain self-efficacy and pain anxiety was 74% and 91% respectively in the children with rheumatism.

According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that mindfulness therapy employing techniques such as thoughts, emotions and mindful behavior can be applied as an efficient therapy to increase pain self-efficacy and decrease pain anxiety of the children with rheumatism.

Health care workers are at the forefront of the fight against Covid-19 disease. The purpose of this study was to identify the cognitive reactions of physicians who have recovered from Covid-19 disease.

In the present study, the phenomenological method was used. The population of this study included physicians recovering from Covid-19 disease in Yazd city. 13 people were selected by purposive sampling and interviewed unstructured and in-depth. In orde to analyze the data, Colaizzi method was used.

Data analysis led to the production of 2 main themes, 12 sub-themes and 40 basic concepts. The first theme was "Adaptive Cognitive Reactions." Adaptive cognitive reactions included a set of reactions that included sub-themes: 1- sublime thought, 2- self-compassion, 3- Transcending the self, 4- cognitive ability, and 5- triumphant self-belief. The second major theme was "Mmaladaptive Cognitive Reactions." Mmaladaptive cognitive reactions included a set of reactions that were sub-themes: 1- Cognitive distortions, 2- Rumination, 3- Doubt, 4- Distrust, 5- Blame, 6- Mental dissatisfaction 7- Mental confusion.

Overall, the results of this study showed that the experience of patients with Covid-19 has a wide range of adaptive cognitive reactions and maladaptive cognitive reactions, and these reactions are sometimes similar and in some reactions different. This research is an approach to continue the study of psychological reactions and the development of intervention protocols in this field.

The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between body image anxiety and obsessive beliefs with body management in applicant of cosmetic surgery.

The method of the present study is correlational and structural equation model type. The statistical population of this study included all applicants for cosmetic surgery referred to clinics and beauty hospitals in Mashhad, 2019. Samples were selected by available sampling method (212 people). Data were collected by using three BICI body image concern questionnaires, Yale-Brown's modified scale of obsessive-compulsive disorder for body dysfunction, and body management, and they were analyzed by structural equation modeling using LISREL and SPSS software.

The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the variables of concern about body image and body management, respectively, were strong predictors of the possibility of cosmetic surgery. Also, data analysis shows the appropriateness of the indicators and indicated a good and acceptable fitness for the hypothesized model at a significant level. The findings of the structural model showed that the path of obsessive disorder variable is directly and significant related to concern of body image and is related to body management by mediating anxiety about body image.

In order to improve body management in the cosmetic surgery applicants should pay more attention to the components of their body image concerns and obsessive beliefs.

Covid-19 can lead to serious damages to the patients’ psychological, cognitive and emotional processes in addition to physiologic damages. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the efficiency of online reality therapy on perceived stress and experiential avoidance in Covid-19-improved patients.

It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the study included Covid-19-improved patients in the city of Isfahan in the summer of 2020. 24 Covid-19-improved patients were selected through snowball sampling method and they were randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (each group of 12 patients). The experimental group received ten seventy-five-minute sessions of online reality therapy (Glasser, 2013) during a month. The applied questionnaires in the current study included perceived stress questionnaire (Cohen, et.al, 1983) and experiential avoidance questionnaire (Bond, et.al, 2011). The data from the study were analyzed through ANCOVA method.

The results showed that online reality therapy had significant effect on the perceived stress and experiential avoidance in Covid-19-improved patients (p<0.001) and succeeded in the decrease of their perceived stress and experiential avoidance.

According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that online reality therapy can be applied as an efficient therapy to decrease perceived stress and experiential avoidance in Covid-19-improved patients through employing techniques such focusing on the present time, avoiding excessive criticism and training accountability.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotional regulation, perceived stress and adherence of treatment in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes.

The statistical population consisted of men with type 2 diabetes and overweight in Tehran. By available sampling, 40 men with diabetes who were overweight and members of the Iranian Diabetes Association were selected and Voluntarily completed research questionnaires in the pre-test phase, which included the Gratz and Roemer (2004) Difficulty Scale for Emotion Regulation, Cohen, Kamarck & Mermelstein (1983) Perceived Stress, and Morisky (1992) Treatment Adherence, and randomly completed Were included in the study plan. The experimental group was treated with MBSR for 8 sessions, then in the post-test phase, both groups answered the research questionnaires. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) with repeated measures.

The results showed that MBSR improved emotional regulation, perceived stress, and adherence to treatment in the experimental group and the post-test phase (P<0.0001).

Considering the effectiveness of MBSR treatment on emotional regulation, perceived stress and following treatment in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes, this treatment can be used to reduce the psychological problems of diabetics. Took. In addition, organizations and associations related to diabetes can use the results of the present study to improve the quality of life of patients with diabetes.