فهرست مطالب

Journal of New Approaches in Exercise Physiology
Volume:3 Issue: 5, Winter and Spring 2021

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1400/03/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 11
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  • احسان اسداللهی*، رضا حیدری صفحات 33-46
    شیوع ویروس کرونا تاکنون بر آموزش و تحقیقات در ورزش تاثیر گذاشته است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر شیوع Covod-19 بر فرایندهای آموزشی و پژوهشی در ورزش بود. تحقیق حاضر از نظر ماهیت یک تحقیق کاربردی است و از نظر روش تحلیل داده ها توصیفی- اکتشافی است که جمع آوری داده ها به صورت میدانی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری شامل تعداد نامحدودی از کلیه مدیران ورزشی ، مدرسان و اساتید ورزشی ، مربیان ورزشی ، تولیدکنندگان ورزش ، ارایه دهندگان خدمات ورزشی ، داوران ورزشی ، ورزشکاران ، فروشندگان تجهیزات ورزشی و فعالان رسانه های ورزشی در ایران بود و 600 نمونه به پرسشنامه 20 نفره پاسخ دادند. سوالات تحقیق به منظور ارزیابی پایایی سازگاری داخلی و پایداری آن ، در مطالعه مقدماتی از شاخص آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد که مقدار آلفای کل پرسشنامه 972/0 بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و استنباطی با کمک نرم افزار SPSS و AMOS انجام شد. تجزیه و تحلیل عامل اکتشافی نشان داد که آموزش و پژوهش در ورزش تحت تاثیر COVID-19 قرار دارد. این یافته می تواند به نهادها و سازمانهای مربوطه در کشور در بهبود وضعیت آموزش و تحقیقات در ورزش در دوران پس از کرونا کمک کند.
  • محمدباقر فرقانی اوزرودی، علی یعقوبی* صفحات 47-54
  • محمدسعید کیانی*، میلاد پایدار صفحات 67-80
    اهداف

    اوقات فراغت یکی ازمسایل حیاتی در پویایی فرآیند آموزش است و پرداختن به این موضوع می تواند گره گشای تنگناها و کلیدی برای حل مسایل آن و درنهایت راهبردی برای برنامه ریزی در جهت پرکردن اوقات فراغت زندانیان به نحو مطلوب و شایسته می باشد لذا از این رو هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی ارتباط جایگاه ورزش در اوقات فراغت زندانیان و تاثیر آن بر میزان خنوشت زندانیان میباشد.

    روشکار

    روش تحقیق این مقاله مروری کتابخانه ای میباشد محقق با بررسی مقالات گذشته در حیطه اوقات فراغت و زندان و سرچ کلیدواژگان اوقات فراغت،زندان،خشونت و ورزش به بررسی این تحقیق پرداخته.

    یافته ها

    ورزش بر زندانیان تاثیر گذار است و ورزش تاثیر مثبتی بر رفاه زندانیان و جامعه زندان دارد، زندانیانی که ورزش می کنند دارای سطح پایینی از افسردگی، استرس واضطراب و خشونت در میان زندانیان دیگر هستند و ورزش یک روش استراتژیک مقابله با حبس است با قرار دادن ورزش در اوقات فراغت زندانیان میشود میزان خشونت را کاهش داد.

    نتیجه گیری

    زندان یکی از مهمترین و دیربازترین بخشهای جوامع بشری در جهان بوده است.امروزه رویکرد جوامع بشری به زندان و زندانیان تغییر یافته و اصلاح، بازتوانی و بازسازی در اولویت های مدیران این بخش قرار گرفته است. ورزش با نقش تربیتی خود با ایجاد فضایی شاد به رشد و پیشرفت جسمی و روحی زندانیان کمک بسیاری میکند پر کردن اوقات فراغت زندانیان با ورزش میتواند در پیشگیری و درمان بعضی از مشکلات روحی و جسمی زندانیان مفید واقع شود ورزش در زندان با توجه به یافته های پژوهش باعث کاهش میزان جرم و خشونت در سلول ها و می باشد.

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  • Pages 5-10

    The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created extraordinary challenges and prompted remarkable social changes around the world of sports. Consecutive delays in official and international competitions have become a common concern for competitive athletes. It seems that the involvement of athletes in this uncertain future in the long run will pose a serious threat to the mental health and well-being of athletes. In this editorial, we presented some constructs of the Positive Psychology to show how the Positive Psychology can increase resilience levels of competitive athletes in order to cope with the challenges COVID-19 has posed to the sporting world.

    Keywords: COVID, 19
  • Yahqub Badri Azrin, Sajjad Pashaie * Pages 17-32
    Background
    ‏ ‏The aim of this study has been to investigate the relationship between ‎social factors and the promotion of women to management position in sport ‎organizations in Iran‎.‎
    Method
    Regarding the objective, this study is practical and regarding the method of ‎implementation, it is descriptive, the population of this research in 2021, ‎includes all the staff of the Youth and Sports Office of West Azerbaijan of ‎Iran up to 216 people. Using Morgan’s tables 136 subjects were selected ‎through stratified random sampling as the sample. In order to collect data, ‎the questionnaires of social factors of the promotion of women to ‎management positions were used, the validity of which was confirmed by ‎experts and its reliability was obtained to be 0.86 through Cronbach's alpha ‎test‎.‎
    Results
    The results indicate that there is a positive significant relationship between ‎gender and gender discrimination and women’s promotion to the position of ‎management in sport organizations. In addition, there is also a positive ‎significant relationship between the elimination of conflict between work ‎and family and also family support and women’s promotion to manage ‎mint positions in sports organizations‎.‎
    Conclusions
    However, it appears that women are still faced with gender equity issues in ‎sports governance, athletic media representation, and perception in sports. ‎Therefore, the field of sport management should continue to work towards ‎a level of quality that truly treats women as equals, offers them equal ‎opportunity, and permits them to feel equal in sport management and ‎athletic participation‎.‎
    Keywords: social factors, Promotion, women, Sports Organizations
  • Ehsan Asadollahi *, Ahmad Nzari Torshizi, Reza Heydari, Ali Abrishami Pages 33-46
    The spread of the corona virus has so far affected education and research in sport. The aim of this ‎study was to investigating the effects of Covod-19 outbreak on Educational and research ‎processes in sports.‎‏ ‏The present study is an applied research in terms of nature and from the ‎aspect of data analysis method is descriptive-exploratory that data collection was done in the ‎field. The statistical population included an unlimited number of all sports directors, sports ‎teachers and professors, sports coaches, sports producers, sports service providers, sports referees, ‎athletes, sports equipment sellers and sports media activists in Iran, and 600 samples answered a ‎questionnaire of 20 research questions. In order to evaluate the reliability of internal consistency ‎and its stability, Cronbach's alpha index was used in a preliminary study that the alpha value for ‎the whole questionnaire was 0.972. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential ‎statistics with the help of SPSS and AMOS software.‎‏ ‏Exploratory factor analysis showed that ‎education and research in sport were affected by COVID-19. This finding can help the relevant ‎institutions and organizations in the country to improve the situation of education and research in ‎sports in the post-Corona era‎.‎
  • MohammadBagher ‎ Forghani Ozrudi, Ali Yaghobi * Pages 47-54

    Background‎:

     This study was descriptive, analytic applications that aim to determine of Study of Physical ‎education teachers’ capabilities in Mazandaran University of educators in providing active ‎teaching methods were performed.‎‎

    Method

    Two types of questionnaire to collect data from students and educators, teacher training centers ‎in Mazandaran University were analyzed. Semi-structured interviews were carried out by highly ‎qualified teachers. Moreover, the study also documents, the unit responsible for libraries, ‎educational technology and teacher training institutions in the field of laboratory facilities and ‎the services units were interviewed. In this study, 56 teachers and 207 students were examined‎.‎

    Results

    The results of testing hypotheses show that the amount of teaching experience and qualification ‎of teachers and facilities, Educational Technology Center and the amount of library facilities ‎and teacher training institutions selected by the instructors teaching methods and valid ‎relationship is not statistically significant (α>0.05) and the way teachers teach and students to ‎conduct research activities and research interest rate relationship is valid and meaningful. ‎Teaching between teacher and student learning outcomes are valid and statistically significant ‎relationship exists (α≤0.05)‎.‎

    Conclusions

    Based on instructional objectives and course content and learning conditions to select an ‎appropriate method for teaching and to deepen students' educational media makes maximum use ‎of the facilities.‎

    Keywords: Educators’ Competency, Active Teaching, Capabilities, COVID-19‎‎
  • MohammadSaeid Kiani *, Milad Paydar Pages 67-80
    Purpose

    Leisure time is one of the vital issues in the dynamics of the education process and addressing ‎this issue can untie the knots and the key to solving its problems and finally a strategy for ‎planning to fill the leisure time of prisoners in a desirable and appropriate way The present ‎study investigates the relationship between the status of sports in the leisure time of prisoners ‎and its effect on the rate of prisoners' sleep‎.‎

    Method

    The research method of this article is a library review. The researcher has reviewed the ‎previous articles in the field of leisure and prison and searched for the keywords of leisure, ‎prison, violence and sports‎‎.‎

    Results

    Sport has an effect on prisoners, and sport has a positive effect on the well-being of prisoners’ ‎and the prison community. Prisoners who exercise have low levels of depression, stress, ‎anxiety and violence among other prisoners, and exercise is a strategic way to deal with ‎imprisonment. Exercise can reduce violence in prisoners' leisure time‎.‎

    Conclusions

    Prison has been one of the most important and long-standing parts of human societies in the ‎world. Today, the approach of human societies to prisons and prisoners has changed and ‎reform, rehabilitation and reconstruction have become the priorities of the managers of this ‎sector. Exercise with its educational role by creating a happy atmosphere helps the physical ‎and mental development of prisoners. Filling the prisoners' leisure time with exercise can be ‎useful in preventing and treating some mental and physical problems of prisoners. Sports in ‎prison according to the findings Research reduces crime and violence in cells‎‎.‎

    Keywords: Sports, Prison, violence, Leisure Management, Sport Managements
  • Investigating the Relationship between Job Interest and Economic Conditions on the ‎Social Status of Physical Education Teachers (Case Study of Hamadan Province)
    Mohammad Saeid Kiani *, Leila Nazari, Keivan Shabani Moghaddam Pages 81-92
    Purpose

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between job interest and ‎economic conditions with the social status of physical education teachers (Case study ‎of Hamadan province)‎.‎

    Method

    The present study is a descriptive survey and field study. In order to collect data, a ‎researcher-made questionnaire was used. After confirming its validity by experts, the ‎reliability was confirmed with the participation of 11 university professors, with a ‎Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87. The research population consisted of 800 physical ‎education teachers in Hamadan province. The statistical sample was estimated to be 367 ‎people using Morgan table and finally 235 questionnaires were returned and examined. ‎Research data were analyzed using SPSS software‎‎.‎

    Results

    The results showed that there is a significant difference between the mean of job interest ‎components and economic factor in the sample with the average of the population.‎

    Conclusions

    In ‎other words, the interest of teachers is higher than average, and the economic factor and ‎receiving high benefits have not led to the choice of teaching job.‎

    Keywords: Job Interest. Physical Education Teachers, Economic Conditions, Job Satisfaction, ‎Physical Education
  • Why they do not Exercise Regularly?
    Bita Arabnarmi * Pages 93-108
    Purpose
    Analysis current goals at the gyms would answer some of the questions about the ‎‎(un)continuation of physical activity (PA) and point out factors that have less attention in care ‎and health program. This article examines women's exercise space in order to answer an ‎important question: ‘Why most women have problems with regular PA and cannot permanently ‎benefit from a long-term regular exercise program?’ This was a qualitative study.
    Method
    ‎Data collection ‎was carried out through attendance at women's gyms and registration of symbols and symptoms ‎and analyzed by thematic analysis (Broun & Clark, 2006).
    Results
    Results showed that there were two ‎main themes for women to participate in the PA which can be defined in terms of goals.‎‏ ‏Objectives called fear of obesity and overweight; and the goals of trying to be healthy and health ‎management. However, the categories related to these two theme overlap but they are different ‎in nature and make fundamental changes in‏ ‏women’s PA performance. By examining the ‎persistence of women's participation in PA this hypothesis is raised; i.e., women’s long-term ‎goals and regular attendance in PA is related to goals created by the health management goals ‎and personal responsibility about their own health behaviors while irregular attendance activity ‎is related to priorities and goals created by the fear of obesity atmosphere.
    Conclusions
    ‎The preliminary ‎evidence of the presence of women in the practice confirms this claim but additional studies are ‎needed to confirm this‎.‎
    Keywords: Regular Exercise, goals, obesity, Overweight, health care
  • Designing an Entrepreneurial Education Program Model with Emphasis on ‎the Relationship between Industry and University in the Sports Science
    Zeinab Mondalizadeh *, Esfandiyar Khosravizadeh Pages 109-126
    Purpose
    Today, sport is considered as an industry and sports as a science discipline recognized in the ‎world, requires effective cooperation with industry. The development of sports is ‎accompanied by the development of science, which doubles the need for appropriateness and ‎attention to the field of science to develop entrepreneurship in the university and the ‎relationship with industry. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to design an ‎entrepreneurial curriculum model with an emphasis on the relationship between industry and ‎academia in the sports science‎.‎
    Method
    The research approach was qualitative and used a grounded theory methodology and in-depth ‎interviews were used for this purpose. Participants included students and professors of sports ‎sciences at public universities, who were considered as 23 according to the purposeful ‎sampling‎‎.‎
    Results
    The results showed that the university structure, communication with industrial institutions ‎and centers, training of university manpower are effective in developing the entrepreneurial ‎curriculum model and the development of learning in the real world. As a result, to strengthen ‎the curriculum, the need to pay attention to cooperation between institutions and gain ‎experience through internships and contracts between universities and the participation of ‎other disciplines as well as industrial centers can strengthen knowledge, skills, and attitudes‎.‎
    Conclusions
    It seems that the increasing practicality of educational programs and their close relationship ‎with the sports industry and related organizations can affect sports entrepreneurship in ‎society‎.‎
    Keywords: Sports Industry, sports science, university, data foundation, Entrepreneurial Approach ‎
  • Measuring Relative Efficiency of Physical Education Departments ‎in Tehran using Data Envelopment Analysis
    Sara Haseli Mofrad, Maryam Mokhtari Dinani *, Abbas Rezaei Pandari Pages 127-148
    Background
    Despite significant advances in the design of performance appraisal frameworks ‎and systems in recent years, many organizations still rely on traditional metrics.
    Purpose
    The ‎present study aimed to measure the relative efficiency of physical education departments in ‎Tehran through a data envelopment analysis approach.
    Method
    In this research, in addition to ‎identifying and determining the input and output indices of regions, an appropriate model of ‎data envelopment analysis was presented to evaluate their performance, as well as ranking ‎efficient and inefficient regions and units and providing solutions to improve inefficient ‎regions. Input indicators of this study were the ratio of student to physical education teacher, the ‎budget of physical education department, the number and surface area of sports halls at the ‎disposal of the department, and output indicators included the number of sports competitions ‎held by the department, provincial and national trophies won in competitions as well as national ‎and international athlete students of each region. Finally, DEA method was used to design a ‎performance assessment model for physical education departments in different regions. After ‎designing the research model and collecting the data, BCC, CCR and Anderson-Peterson output- ‎and input-oriented models were analyzed using DEA-SOLVER LV software.
    Results
    The ‎results of data analysis showed that 11 out of 19 regions under study in 2017 were efficient and ‎‎8 were inefficient.
    Conclusion
    It is necessary that the degree of changes needed to make ‎efficient the inefficient units be determined by modeling the efficient departments‎.‎
    Keywords: performance appraisal, Data Envelopment Analysis, Physical Education Departments ‎
  • Investigating the Effect of Emotional Persuasion on Intention, Motivation and Change in Attitudes toward Entrepreneurship of Sports Students
    Elham Khoshbakht Ahmadi, Seyed Morteza Azimzadeh *, Mohammad Keshtidar Pages 149-164
    Purpose
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of emotional motivation on intention, motivation and change in attitudes toward entrepreneurship of sports science students.
    Method
    The study method of this research was quasi-experimental with three groups of subjects (two experimental and control groups) and pre-test and post-test design. The research population consists of graduate and bachelor's degree students in sports sciences of Mashhad universities, in which 150 people were randomly selected as a sample and were exposed to persuasive messages for one month.
    Results
    Findings show that positive emotional motivation, intention, motivation and change of attitude towards entrepreneurship of sports science students have a positive and significant effect. Also, negative emotional motivation had no effect on students' entrepreneurial motivation and attitude, but in relation to the variable of entrepreneurial intention, it shows a significant effect.
    Conclusion
    Therefore, it can be concluded that by showing videos and playing clips along with images and messages related to entrepreneurship, students can be encouraged to take steps towards entrepreneurship‎.‎
    Keywords: Emotional persuasion, entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial attitude, Sports Entrepreneurship ‎
  • Impact of COVID-19 Crisis on University Faculty Members' Physical Activity Levels
    Ali Nasiri *, Javad Shahlaee Pages 165-172
    Purpose
    The aim of this study was to investigate the Impact of COVID-19 Crisis on University Faculty Members' of Allameh Tabatabai University Physical Activity Levels.
    Methods
    Data were collected using a researcher-made 21-item questionnaire that 284 people were considered as a sample and answered the online questionnaire.
    Results
    The results of this study show that the faculty members of the university do not have intense and moderate activities. But the general knowledge about the benefits of exercising during the coronavirus period has increased. Other results of this study showed that university faculty members tend to participate in sports activities in post-corona conditions.
    Conclusion
    In a general conclusion, The Covid-19 crisis has created inactivity among human societies. Technology is expanding rapidly and people's lifestyles are changing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop programs for physical activity and health of people.‎
    Keywords: Corona-virus Pandemic, Physical activity, physical health, exercise