مجله فرهنگ و ارتقای سلامت (فرهنگستان علوم پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران)
سال پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 13، بهار 1400)

In all countries, development is highly dependent on the activity of elites. In order to better understand the views of the Supreme Leader regarding elites and to offer the opportunity to use his views in the general policies of elite affairs, the content of his speeches was analyzed and compared to elitechr('39')s initiative

This descriptive-analytical study first examined all the speeches of the Supreme Leader related to elites. Then, the key concepts were extracted and compared with elitechr('39')s initiative. The similarities and differences between the two were extracted.

This study shows that many strategic and important views of the Supreme Leader, such as the production of science, deep thinking, streamlining, etc. are not included in the elitechr('39')s initiative. Findings of this study can be used in the initiative that are under prepareation in the Expediency Council.

In general, the Supreme Leader vies are very systemaic, comprehensive and multifaceted, which should be implemented.

Elite and efficient human resources have vital roles in various levels of  national and  they are considered as the main factors of growth and development of countries. Lack of this effective capital delays the development process in developing countries. Therefore, identifying the challenges and their proper management is considered very important. The purpose of this article is to identify challenges and strategic priorities of health elites.

The present study is qualitative study. Womenchr('39')s Health Department of the Academy of Medical Sciences reviewed and analyzed upstream documents and group discussion with the presence of managers related to the countrychr('39')s elite, clinical and health experts in three sessions identified priority issues and challenges related to health elites from the perspective of relevant upstream documents, expert opinions and country conditions.

A set of 27 challenges was developed by analyzing and discussing elite-related issues and upstream document in group discussion sessions;  reduction of free quota for entering medical fields, insufficient educational support, lack of executive guarantee for the tasks assigned to the agencies in the countrychr('39')s strategic document on elite affairs Also, the challenges and problems associated with the three stages of elitism were discussed and summarized: cultivation and identification of elites (4 challenges), leadership of elites (Challenge 5), support and employment of elites (3 challenges).

We are currently facing the phenomenon of elite migration, the presentation of solutions should be developed using the power and capacities of all relevant agencies and organizations. The implementation of the proposed solutions requires appropriate infrastructure and processes, cross-sectoral cooperation and participation of the elite community in order to realize the vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran and gain the position of scientific authority.

The aim of this study was to propose a model of maximum participation of elites in attaining scientific supremacy.

The Carnell & Dolly critical review strategy was used. To find related sources and studies, databases such as SID, Google, Google Scholar, Scopus, IranMedex, and Web of Science were searched, during 2011-2021, using the following keywords: “elite”, “talented individuals”, “elite management”, “scientific supremacy” and “scientific authority”. A comprehensive search was done in both Persian and English. The texts were independently reviewed by researchers. We found 40 articles and then based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and after deleting duplicate studies, eight articles were reviewed.

The findings of this study included three content themes: 1) the roles of elites, 2) the process of elite management, and 3) dividing responsibilities in the process of elite management. The most effective management factors for the three roles, and tasks of each institution in the elite management process are mentioned.

Attaining scientific supremacy in the Islamic Republic of Iran requires the existence of systems, processes, and structures that enable the elite to play superior roles in the country’s strategic domains. Moreover, society should also benefit from their presence. Therefore, having mission-oriented, differentiated, and comprehensive programs for developing the competencies of the elite and talented individuals as well as providing the necessary arrangements to guide the elite to key roles is very important.

Conflict of interest in the health system is a serious issuethe various aspects of which must be assessed.The purpose of this article is to describe the importance and underlying factors involved in managing conflict of interest in the healthcaresystem.

Existing data fromarticles and documents were used for analysis and preparation of this article.

The types of interests, influencing factors,and misconceptions dealing with conflict of interest are described in detail.

Conflict of interest has many dimensions thus finding a simple solution is not always possible. It is recommended that rules and regulations for management of conflict of interest be passed and implemented in the country.

In this policy brief, strategies and actions suggested by the Academy of Medical Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to improve the selection of university students for higher health education are presented.These suggestions have been compiled to implement the general health policies which were announced by the Supreme Leader.

Solving problems and meeting the health needs of the community is the ultimate goal of student admission to the higher health education system. To achieve science , technology, care and health services development and to have a strong, efficient and accountable health system, fundamental changes are needed in the student admission system.The aim of study is mproving the student selection system for training health human resources, in accordance with Islamic values, medical ethics and professional etiquette and its application in health policy and higher health education planning.

In this study, library and field methods and consensus of experts of the Academy of Medical Sciences have been used.

The student selection system should be based on the following evolutions: "Islamic Thoughts and Values, with Emphasis on Educational Justice and Justice in Health, Social Factors of Health, Medical Ethics and Islamic Health Professional Manners"; " health needs of society";" Recognition of talents, observance of interests, guidance of motivations and considering the physical, mental, social and spiritual abilities of the candidates, appropriate to the fields of study; And improving the competition between volunteers ";"Rationalizing social demand to enter high-demand disciplines"; "Strategic change in the important factors influencing the theory of talent and interest, quotas, gender, localization, entry points and the like"

The selected student for education in the system of higher health education must seek knowledge; Religious; Be competent and committed to the health needs of society and value-creating capacities; Dynamics; Cheerfulness; Transformation; And creativity and innovation; Professors and the university system should also be concerned with the training of scientist graduates; Believer; Wise; Thoughtful; Jihadist and practitioner with divine and human motives; Taken from the school of Islam and the Islamic Revolution; To serve in order to ensure, maintain and promote the health of the people .

researchers, policy researchers, and social policy makers have always paid special attention to family institution as one of the most important axes of national policy. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the macrotrends in the field of family developments and trends foresight and explanation, evidence and national considerations in the policy making of the family institution in Iran.

The data used in this research were extracted based on the documentary studies and statistical reports. Moreover, a foresight approach based on the trend impact analysis was used to explain problems and challenges. In this research, the developments of the family institution were investigated at different levels, and some solutions were proposed for policy makers in this area by identifying the futuristic macrotrends in this area and through the strategic analysis of the status quo.

Among the most important trends related to the future of family developments in Iran, we can mention the weakening moral and spiritual issues, Weakening of emotional relationships in the family, Shrinking family with living in small houses, Increasing consumerism and individualism , Increasing womenchr('39')s demand for employment, education and social participation, Changing the pyramid of power in the family, Increasing economic power and freedom and financial independence for women, Increase migration and urbanization, Development of social networks and communications, Deformation of the family structure and, etc.

In conclusion, we can say that we need the pathology of the macro-trends of modernity in the field of family studies it is necessary to take effective steps to move towards the values and beliefs based on Iranian Islamic Values in order to form, strengthen and preserve the family.

In our country, as a model of Islamic government, paying attention to mosques is very importance. Considering the significant population using the mosques, if the attention is not paid to this important issue, the mosque may become a focal point in the transmission of pathogens.

This study is a qualitative-quantitative exploratory study. In this study, qualitative research plays a secondary role. The purpose of this study was to obtain enough information to build a suitable tool.

In this study, 51 individuals were interviewed including prayers, clerics and mosque workers. Findings of the qualitative section were analyzed by content analysis. First, the characteristics of the participants were described, then the data analysis process was presented. Given that this research is based on knowledge and knowledge, for data analysis, inferential content analysis method was used. After determining the unit of analysis, open coding and then classifying codes and then classes and exploration. Finally, it was identified in two areas of management and knowledge and a number of subcategories.

The health status of the mosques is very important and should be taken into consideration. The most important areas of activity are knowledge and management. The results showed that better ventilation, a preventive cleaning strategy, and a more detailed study are needed.

Medical tourism is one of the growing sectors of the tourism industry and is considered as one of the attractive industries in the fields of economy, job creation, introduction of culture and even political interests for countries. Considering Iranchr('39')s capacities in the field of tourism and the significant benefits of the growth of this industry, the purpose of this study is to identify the most important cultural motivational indicators of foreign patients travelling to Iran.

The analysis of effective cultural indicators attracting medical tourists to the destinations in Iran was performed using interpretive structural modelling (ISM) technique. Methods of system analysis examined the interactions between its elements. The method of interpretive structural modelling was based on the opinion of experts. The experts in this study were experts in the field of medical tourism, activists of the Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization, and managers of medical centers and hospitals accepting foreign medical tourists.

Findings indicate that the indicators of the possibility of creating a common language between foreign medical tourists and medical staff and their familiarity with Iranian culture and tradition,was the most basic cultural indicators affecting the motivation and attraction of foreign medical tourists to Iran.

Many factors affect the relationship between patients and health care providers, such as language and culture.

The World Health Organization defines the concept of social health means as an the evaluation of an individualchr('39')s performance towards society. The social health of the individual is more important and more sensitive than the physical and mental aspects of the individualchr('39')s health, because the factors that endanger the physical health of the individual have limited effects and consequences, but the factors that threaten the social health of the individual are constantly his relationships affect others and always disrupt more than one person. Before paying attention to social health, it is important to pay attention to its indicators. The aim of this study is to determine the indicators of social health in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad (Iran) provinces.

The present study was conducted in a qualitative-focus group method in two fases.

After collecting information and analyzing the report, it was determined that; Social health indicators in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Provinces 1- Murder 2- Robbery 3- Suicide 4- Drug use 5- Rape of children 6- Harassment of spouses 7- Harassment of children 8- Rape 9- Divorce 10- Mass conflict 11- Unemployment 12- The rate of children dropping out of school 13- The rate of illiteracy of the population.

Social indicators should be considered to promote community health in policy-making and planning according to the conditions of the region.

Social health is one of the substantial dimensions of human health, one of its two implications is about interpersonal perception, which means how relationships and social interactions are. The purpose of this study is thus to investigate this kind of perception of social health in Islamic resources.

In this research, a mix method is used: the classical descriptive-analytical method in the study of religious resources, and the panel of experts to determine the validity of findings.

The research finding is that, from the twenty-four main concepts of social health, eleven components were obtained: social honor and defense, social dignity, social restraint, social security / safety, social effort, social capital, social uprightness, social trust, social bonding, social exhilaration, and social ornament. From the analysis of the components, five dimensions were obtained:  affective dimension (bond + differentiation), emotional dimension exhilaration + ornament, personality (social dignity), need (capital + trust) and security of communication (social security).

The results show that social health can be improved by focusing on the eleven components and planning for improvement and finding a pathological way for the current situation.

In difficult situations and crisis management, man often  turns to God, the most merciful, and pray for help. Thus , discussions on spirituality and spiritual health and its role in calamities and crises can be effective in helping one cope with and find  solutions   to prevent , intervene  and manage crises . In this regard,  this study was  done to manage crises via  developing a preventive model for coping, intervening  and managing crises via focusing  on spiritual health..

In this study, a model for crisis management based on spiritual health was presented. For this purpose, the method of this research was mixed with a consecutive exploratory method and the statistical population of the present study included a set of researches conducted in the Iranian scientific community, and experts in the field of crisis management and spiritual health. After collecting the data through meta-analysis method, Rereveman software was used to analyze the data, Micmac software was used to analyze the scenarios obtained via  the Delphi method;   Maxuda focal groups were used to analyze the data obtained from maxq groups.

Based on the obtained results, 9 components in the field of preventive strategies and 7 components in the field of intervention strategies and 7 areas of problem solving strategies had the greatest impact on crisis management modeling and spiritual health.

The results of this study indicate that spiritual health is a key factor in providing preventive, interventional and management  strategies to help victims cope in times of crises.

Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease in the world and causes more than four million deaths per year; patients with it diabetes often have problems in the field of optimism, life expectancy and self-management. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of positivism on optimism, life expectancy and self-management in patients with diabetes.

This study was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control groups. The study population was patients with diabetes and members of the Ahvaz Diabetes Association in 2020. The study sample consisted of 60 people who were selected by purposive sampling after reviewing the inclusion criteria and were randomly placed in two equal groups. The experimental group was educated via 8 sessions ( 90 minutes each) by the positivism method and the control group was placed on a waiting list for training. The research instruments were the life orientation revised test, life expectancy scale and diabetes self-management scale. Data were analyzed by chi-square, independent t and multivariate analysis of covariance tests via SPSS-22 software.

The findings showed that the experimental and control groups in the pre-test stage were not significantly different in terms of variables of optimism, life expectancy and diabetes self-management (P>0.05); but in the post-test stage were significantly different in terms of all three variables (P<0.001). The results showed that positivism training led to increased optimism, life expectancy and diabetes self-management in diabeticpatients (P<0.001).

Based on our results, therapists and health professionals can use positivism to improve the psychological characteristics of patients with diabetes, to improve optimism, life expectancy and diabetes self-management.

In the last two decades, the concept of health has gained such a wide range of applications that it can no longer be defined or explained solely on the basis of traditional, conventional or classical theories.Health is now one of the areas of interest in the interdisciplinary field.One of these areas is media and health, because the media can be effective in making the audience smarter and trying to change the behavior of citizens in the field of health.This article tries to address the quality of the success of this issue [media and health] with a critical-social approach and Habermas theory.The theory of communication and dual interaction between the universe and the Habermas system has been used to answer the main question of the article namely: "Has the media been useful in the improvement of health of citizens?"

First, the key concepts of Habermaschr('39') theoretical approach were explained; Then, using Habermas concepts and ideas, health issues  that are empirically researchable and have a strong impact are identified, and  research questions are answered.

In fact, research in the field of health indicates the special role and importance of this field in the continuation of individual and social life of the human race. On the one hand, these researches have established a very wide tendency towards cooperation and integration with behavioral sciences and biomedicine, and on the other hand, they show closeness and symmetry with critical social sciences, social theory and cultural criticism.

According to Habermas, one of the most important reasons for citizenschr('39') disregard of health and the failure of the media in this regard is the lack of balance between rationalization of the system and rationalization of the world and the use of strategic action instead of communication. The imbalance has also led to de-specialization, jeopardizing trust in physician-patient interaction, and major phenomena such as customer orientation and consumerism.