Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
Volume:13 Issue: 51, Spring 2021

Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) examines the persistent and disturbing thinking about COVID-19. The current study aims to determine the psychometric properties of Obsession With COVID-19 Scale (OCS) in the Iranian population.

This research is a descriptive-cross sectional study to determine the psychometric properties of OCS. The study population included all people of Kermanshah in 2020. 400 individuals were included in the study using convenience sampling. The measurements utilized include the online forms of the demographic information questionnaire, Obsession with COVID-19 Scale, The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Data analysis was done using SPSS-21 and Amos-20. the descriptive statistics indicators, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and Cronbach’s alpha were use applied.

The study population consisted of 94 male and 306 female individuals (23.50% and 76.50% respectively). The mean and standard deviation of the participants’ age was 29.48±9.32. Cronbach’s alpha of the scale was measured to be 0.79. There was a significant convergent validity between OCS with DASS-21 and Y-BOCS (P<0.001). Also, the single-factor model of the scale had strong fitness indexes.

According to the results of the current study, OCS has high and acceptable validity and reliability in the Iranian population.

Using the Roy’s adaptation model in the treatment and care of patients with Amputation is useful.The aim of this study was to determine the factor validity, structural validity and reliability of the Roy’s adaptation questionnaire on veterans with Lower Limb Amputation.

In this methodological study, the initial version of the Roy’s Adaptation Questionnaire on veterans with Lower Limb Amputation consisting of 35 questions in four dimensions of physiological, self-concept, dependence / independence and role playing was examined. 300 questionnaires for exploratory factor analysis and 150 questionnaires for confirmatory factor analysis were completed by veterans with lower limb amputation referring to the Veterans Clinic of Kosar Orthotic and Prosthetic Center. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by test-retest method and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. SPSS software version 22 and also LISREL software version 8/8 were used for data analysis.

The final questionnaire consisted of 20 questions in four dimensions including physiological, self-perception, dependence / independence and role playing.The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the above four factors represent 47.57% of the variances.In determining theIntraclass correlation coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.911.

The Roy’s adaptation questionnaire on veterans with lower limb amputation can examine different dimensions of adaptation based on this model and be a step towards increasing their adaptation and improving their quality of life.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between health literacy and Lifestyle in the families of veterans and families of non-veterans and to assess and compare their lifestyles.

1770 members of the families of veterans and non-veterans from five provinces in Iran were selected through a systematic sampling method to participate in a descriptive cross-sectional study in 2019. Lali, Abedi, and Kajbafchr  Lifestyle Questionnaire (LSQ) and All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale (AAHLS) were used to collect the necessary data. Pearson Correlation and t-test statistics were run using SPSS 24 for the analysis of the data.

There was a positive and significant correlation between health literacy and family lifestyle of veterans and non-veteranschr families (veterans: r= 0.330, p<0.001; non-veterans: r = 0.321, p<0.001). No significant difference was found between the lifestyle mean scores for men and women in the two groups of veterans and non-veterans (P> 0.05).

There is a correlation between health literacy and the lifestyle in veteranschr families and non-veteranschr families while there is no significant difference between the lifestyles in the two groups.

Currently, both government and military hospitals in Iran are attempting to minimize the deterioration of COVID-19 patients. Analyzing the factors associated with COVID-19 patientschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) hospital admission in the intensive care unit will aid this process. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that led to the hospital admission of COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit of selected Iranian Navy military hospitals.

In a descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study, 367 COVID-19 patients were examined in two hospitals in Tehran and Rasht from April to June 2020. The researchers developed a checklist to collect data from variables related to COVID-19 patient ICU admission. The data was analyzed using the SPSS-22 program.

This analysis included 121 women (33% of the total) and 246 males (67 percent). The findings revealed that age, cough, diastolic blood pressure, and blood oxygen percentage of COVID-19 patients were associated with ICU hospitalization, and that age and cough were used as predictors of ICU hospitalization.

Since age is a predictor of patient admission to the intensive care unit, greater consideration should be given to the aged, and quicker immunization must be considered for these groups. Furthermore, the clinical signs of cough as a predictor of ICU admissions should be replicated in a larger and more accurate sample.

This study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of people with disabilities (PWD) towards COVID-19 in Iran and identify its facilitators and barriers. 

A mixed qualitative-quantitative study was conducted. The researchers collected data using a self-administered online questionnaire which its participants were selected randomly from the entire PWDs in Iran. Quantitative data were analysed using the SPSS. To identify facilitators and barriers of improving KAP, semi-structured interviews were done, in which participants were selected using a purposeful sampling technique, and analysed by content analysis approach.

The mean scores of knowledge, attitude and practice of PWDs were 17.7, 16.6, and 16.9, respectively. We identified 161 codes, which were categorized into three themes and 9 sub-themes. Three themes were identified as facilitators of KAP improvement among study participants: educational contents developed during pandemic and their dissemination using social media; community participation; and the empowerment of PWDs. Weak governance was mentioned as an essential barrier for KAP improvement.

Further interventions are needed to increase the knowledge and improving attitudes and practice of PWDs during the crisis. Among them, the following are in priority: strengthening the governance arrangement of rehabilitation; increasing community participation; providing support packages and their fair distribution; empowering PWDs; preparing infrastructures for tele-rehabilitation; public awareness and, if needed, informing health workers about the specific needs of PWDs and how to treat them respectfully.

The ambiguous nature of Covid-19 disease and its unknownness as well as the implementation of quarantine measures affect many aspects of peoplechr  lives. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine depression, Internet addiction and domestic violence during home quarantine caused by Covid-19 in Iranian married women.

The statistical population of the study was all Iranian married women who used social networks. The sample of the present study was 200 people who were selected by convenience sampling method. Data collection by The Center For Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Hajyahi Violence Toward Women Inventory and Kaplan Generalized Pathological Internet Use Scale. The data was collected through Google Form and on the website of Ni Ni site and social networks Instagram and Telegram. Data were analyzed using SPSS23 software and one-sample t-test, two-sample t-test and Will Coxon test.

The results showed that the rate of depression during Covid-19 quarantine increased. The results also showed that there is a significant difference between the two variables of Internet addiction and domestic violence between before and after quarantine and Internet addiction and violence against women have increased during Covid-19 quarantine.

The results of the present study show the effect of quarantine on various aspects of peoplechr  lives. As, Depression, Internet addiction, and domestic violence have increased in the sample during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Blood and its pressure is an important issue in trauma and injuries. This study reviewed the pathology of hemodynamic disorders in the light of hemo-mechanics to determine the principles of “Hemomechanics” concerning already proven chemo-physical basis and determine the fluid pressure of the aorta through the mathematical application.

The article is a mathematical and physical endeavor to resolve the in-depth questions of blood physiology and pathology. Didactic and theoretical methods were used for this research.

Changing the latent shear force of blood initiates the wear and tear process in the circulatory system, ultimately damaging the endothelium.

The four laws of hemomechanics derived here help better understand normal blood physiology, hematology, blood pressure in a broader aspect, and the co-relation of gravitational force with the blood flow in terms of fluidity.

Ukrainian legislation does not provide different regulations for socio-psychological rehabilitation services to addicts; only medical and social rehabilitation consolidated. This study aimed to assess the socio-psychological activities for addicts in ‎rehabilitation centers of ‎Kyiv, Ukraine.‎ ‎

This qualitative study was conducted in 2021 in eighteen rehabilitation centers of various forms ‎of ownership and subordination (6 centers of state subordination, 6 public, and 6 private) in Kyiv City, ‎Ukraine. The study sample comprised 93 people; 35 specialists of the centers and 58 clients who were ‎undergoing rehabilitation at the time of the study. ‎ The structured interviews and content analysis were chosen as the methods of studying the socio-psychological activities of the rehabilitation institutions.

The socio-psychological rehabilitation services for addicts were represented in three themes; Placebo-suggestive techniques (coding, filing, torpedo, hypnosis);‎ Services of spiritual-oriented communities;‎ and Socio-psychological services.‎

Most centers that assist addicts (regardless of ownership and subordination) are not focused on the socio-psychological aspects of rehabilitation.

Aims Following the application of chemical weapons against Iran by Iraq, approximately 100,000 people were affected by chemical weapons. This study aimed to assess the quality of life in mustard gas victims. Information & Methods In this meta-analysis study, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, IranMedex, Magiran, and SID databases were searched until 2019. The extracted data were analyzed by the random-effect model. The heterogeneity of studies was assessed by the I2 index, and the data is analyzed by STATA 12.1. Findings The average quality of life by SF-36 and SGRQ questionnaires was reported based on seven studies including 1241 victims. SF-36 showed that the Pooled score of the physical component scale is 28.33 (95% CI: 24.02-32.63), whereas the MCS is 35.83 (95% CI: 29.07- 42.59). The victims achieved the least score, 21.76 (95% CI: 19.99-23.53) for the physical component in the subscale of Role Function-Physical, and the mental component score in the Role Function-Emotional subscale that is recorded as 31.36 (95% CI: 17.70-45.01). The result from the SGRQ questionnaire showed 66.9 (95% CI: 56.7-77) as the Pooled total average of the quality of life and the symptom subscale recorded 79.05 (95% CI: 68.8-89.3) as the highest score for the chemical victims in Iran. Conclusion The quality of life of chemical weapon victims is very low. These victims possess poor physical and mental components. While they have a better situation in the mental component comparing to the physical.

The influence of coinfections on the morbidity and mortality of the new clinical syndrome coronavirus disease 2019 is unknown (COVID-19). Fungal agent of aspergillosis, mucormycosis, and candidiasis is the main superinfection that occurs as complicated to COVID-19; it may be related to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), diabetic disease, or long time exposure to a corticosteroid that cause immune-suppressive even cytokine storm. These factors act as risk factors for fungemia and fungal shock that causes severe inflammation, disturbances in blood circulation with sepsis, and damage in many organs. Therefore, This review aimed to identify the main fungal agent and explain the pathogenesis and pathological aspect as complicated to COVID-19.

The high rate of severe infection and mortality in patients with COVID-19's is thought to be due in part to a lack of natural immunity and raped viral replication in the lower respiratory tract, as well as superinfections, secondary infections, or coinfections, the mainly fungal agent that cause severe lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as well as cause damage and sepsis in other organs.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common heart rhythm disorders. The study aimed to identify the effectiveness of surgical ablation of the atrial fibrillation substrate in cardiac surgery.

From January 1, 2016, to July 1, 2019, 46 procedures of left atrial surgical ablation of the atrial fibrillation substrate were performed in patients with paroxysmal, persistent, and long-lasting persistent AF based on the State Institution "Scientific and Practical Medical Centre of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine". The control group consisted of 23 studied patients.

In most patients, recovery and retention of the sinus rhythm were observed throughout the entire time after the surgical intervention. 25 (56.8%) such patients were registered after three months, 30 (68.2%) after six months, 28 (63.6%) patients retained a sinus rhythm 12 months later and as a result of further observations. 7 (15.9%) patients have a persistent AF, 5 (11.4%) patients have a typical atrial flutter, 1 (2.2%) was diagnosed with a rhythm disorder in the form of left atrial flutter, 1 (2.2%) – with a persistent multi-focal atrial tachycardia. During the first 3-6 months after the procedure, some patients have recurrent AF. 15% of patients require restoration of the sinus rhythm by electro cardioversion and consultation of an arrhythmology-electrophysiologist to select antiarrhythmic therapy.

The rationality and effectiveness of surgical ablation of the atrial fibrillation substrate in cardiac surgery were determined.

Despite the importance of neighborhood social capital in well-being and health outcomes, very few studies have focused on predictors of neighborhood social capital, especially among older adults. This study aimed to identify the factors related to neighborhood social capital in the coronavirus pandemic among older adults.

This cross-sectional survey was conducted during the autumn of 2020 in Aran & Bidgol, Iran. The sample consisted of 414 community-dwelling individuals aged 60 years and older, chosen by the clustered sampling. "Adapted Social Capital Assessment" and "Place Attachment Instrument-Older Adults" scales were used. Data analysis was undertaken using SPSS 24 by bivariate analyses and multiple linear regressions.

The mean age of the participants was 70.43±8.84 years, and 77.3% of them were married. The mean social capital score was 4.98±1.99, and the mean percentage score was 15.48±6.64. Being younger, attached to the neighborhood, the possibility of recreational activities in the neighborhood, knowing the number of neighbors, and home satisfaction significantly contributed to higher neighborhood social capital. Residence characteristics, including home satisfaction and the possibility of recreational activities in the neighborhood, had the strongest effect on the neighborhood social capital.

The neighborhood social capital is very low in the pandemic, leading to the social exclusion of older adults. Findings suggest that alternative policies should be implemented to improve proper recreational activities and connections with neighbors, especially for the oldest-old, to compensate for older adults' neighborhood social capital during the outbreak.