نشریه مطالعات معرفتی در دانشگاه اسلامی
پیاپی 87 (تابستان 1400)

Islamic Thought 2 course is one of the courses offered by the department of Islamic studies for undergraduate students. The purpose of this research is to investigate the educational needs of the students of University of Isfahan in Islamic Thought Two.

The method of the research is quantitative survey and applying questionnaire among 376 students of University of Isfahan. Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient was used to ensure the reliability of the research tool. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire (including 29 items) was 0.93.

The research findings showed that the students in the course of Islamic Thought Two feel more need in the subjects of Mahdism (messianic researches) , the period of advent and the miracle of the Qur'an. The priorities of male and female students and the priorities of students of different faculties are different in the topics of this course. There is a relationship between some subjects and gender and the faculty where the students study.

The results showed that in order to make the course of Islamic Thought two attractive and effective, in compiling the lesson plan and preparing the educational content, it is necessary to pay attention to the gender and the faculty of the students. Practical suggestions have also been presented.

The religious intellectual of Imam Khomeini in his instructions Will was based on the fundamental criticisms of Pahlavi policy with the roots of west and East masters. The Religious content of this text comes from the Islamic traditions, which has been as a social custom among the Iranians during Centuries.

The aim of this paper is to review the campaign thoughts of Imam with the western and eastern foundations of pahlavi regime as through his will.

library method was used for data collection; therefore Skinner's Hermeneutics method was able to analyze the text by analyzing the text reading tradition and discovering the Author’s intentions.

Skinner’s method, explaining the relation between viewpoint and political action of Imam; besides understanding the intention of the text as an intellectual ideology, deals with its alignment with context and ideology from rival ideologies.

based on Skinner's method, Imam’s will as the dominant ideology has played its part in action and reaction intellectual, partical and radical in his era and after them. Thus, by reading the text, it was possible to infer the intention of Imam as the author of the text and his enlightenment.

 The aim of this study is to answer the following question: what are competencies required of Iranian universities in the second step of the revolution. 

 The method of the present research is qualitative content analysis and 29 people were selected by Snowball sampling. The process of selecting samples and collecting data continued until the theoretical saturation of the data. The research tool was semi-structured interview. Various methods were used to ensure the validity of the data, such as continuous data review, simultaneous data analysis, feedback to the interviewees, adequate time allocation and observer review. 

 The results of the research defined the universities competencies as follow : Islamic identity; Knowledge-based and Learner; Innovation and Intelligence ;having constructive interaction; advanced in technology; Empowered workforce; Leader in science and technology; graduate educated in knowledge–rich environment.

 Universities must acquire these competencies in order to achieve goals of the second step of the revolution.

The purpose of the present survey is to study innate alienation in the philosophical anthropology of Jaspers, through the viewpoint of Allameh Tabatabai and to present some critiques.

the method of the research is a library- documantry method.

Jaspers used the phenomenological method instead of philosophical analysis and identified absolute freedom inherent in human beings, thus questioned the inherent basics and divine nature and presented it as the violating factor of human existence, while Allameh, using the analytical method, defined innate basics, such as the principle of causality, as the basis of self-awareness and the way to overcome alienation, and introduced freedom as a tool for innate goals. If Allameh found innate alienation causing of neglecting the innate basics, with the principles of his "philosophy of existence", considered adherence to a priori restrictions such as innate affairs as alienation.

The present study, through evaluating the epistemological foundations of two thinkers, has proved the nature of the innates and introduced the inattention to innate consciousness as a factor of alienation.

This paper primarily aims at introducing the Sadrian thesis of gradation of knowledge, and its educational implications.

  The method employed in the first section, where an ontological analysis of gradation of knowledge in transcendent philosophy, and a systematic arrangement of related sub-theses are formulated, is analytical description. In the second section, where the main purpose is to infer educational implications of those fundamental theses, I have taken benefit of the method of practical syllogism.

In the first section, twelve sub-theses pertaining to the main thesis of gradation of being are inferred. Next, in light of some careful methodological considerations, educational implications of those theses are elicited, and all this yields us eighteen educational principles, two educational purposes, and two educational methods.

  At last, based on the whole philosophical system of Mulla Sadra, all the educational implications are modulated in the form of a conceptual model.

The purpose of this article is to reconstruct and formulate Morteza Motahari's arguments about the meaning of Islamic social science. Accordingly, both his positive and independent views were expressed, and others' negative and critical statements were answered.

The data collection of this paper was text-based and inferential and deductive method based on qualitative content analysis was used in data analysis.

Morteza Motahari's criticisms of the meaninglessness of Islamic social science were as follows: the prevalence of Islamic social themes;The interplay of Islam's end with social science, the epistemic logic of Islam with social science, the relevance of Islamic knowledge, and the relevance of Islamic analysis to social science.

First, Islamic social science was religiously justified, and Islam had such a link with social science; secondly, rationally, there was also a possible impediment to the scientific rationality of science. And it was meaningful, necessary, and necessary, and we must seek to theorize about it.

 To answer the question whether in the process of production of Islamic humanities, we will see a change in the nature and foundations of these sciences, or only by maintaining the nature, changes in their identity will occur? Finally, the preference of the founding view over the refinement view is one of the aims of this article. 

In collecting information, the author of the article has used the library method and in inferring the point of view, has used the descriptive-analytical method and in his functions and results, has used the ijtihad method.

While criticizing the monotheistic view, the dualistic view was accepted for some reasons.

First: the nature-building elements of these sciences are influenced by factors such as theological propositions and the result is the Islamism of these sciences, so Islamism is related to the nature of the humanities; Second: The acceptance of the theory of Harmony (Tanasogh) in the criterion of the distinction of sciences and the requirements of the three-level relationship of the components of science can provide a good justification for accepting this claim. On the one hand, in the discussion of religious science, the meaning of the discipline is central, and on the other hand, the effect of the propositions of Shiite theology on the components of humanities In terms of territory, is maximum and in terms of quantity, is fundamental, so that There is no choice but to propose new nature-building elements in the Islamic humanities.

: The present survey aims at analyzing the concept of aesthetic experience as the most powerful and meaningful experience of human life. The author of the article attempts to find the relation between aesthetic experience and Faithful experiences with a glance at allameh tabatabaee views.

the method of the paper is theorical (descriptive- analytical) and library data collection.

The results of the research indicate triple relationship among elegance, the faith and mysticism,

The authors of the research conlude aesthetic experience as an indicator of Truth in the field of Imagination and is gained through Mindfulness and  intuition  based on the faith and knowledge . The faith in the viewpoint of allameh tabatabaee is based on the love of Allah and aesthetic experiences are related to love. Therfore in order to find the relation between aesthetic and Faith, we have to analyse the meaning of love. on the other hand aesthetic is not just related to materials .the truth of aesthetic is rooted in rationality and furthermore, even the materialistic level of aesthetic is also has an inner and deep level which should be explored.

The present article aims at evaluating the influential factors in the field of Islamic preaching and Christianity in the nature of revelation and its realm, ethics and spirituality, interaction and dialogue, structure, media and social services and it was noted that each of these factors can play an effective role.

The method of the present article is descriptive-analytical method.

  Christianity, despite its weakness in the field of revelation and its realm, as well as its weakness in the history of interaction and dialogue with other religions, has been successful in its evangelical and interpretive field.

It can be seen in the field of structure, methodology and professional advertising services. In contrast, Islam, despite having divine support in the field of revelation and its realm, as well as a deep-rooted history of interaction and dialogue with other religions, faces harms in the field of preaching ( Tabliq) that in most cases go back to the structure, media and professional services.

One of the most important topics in economic systems is how to distribute wealth among individuals. Economic systems appropriate to their fundamentals have often attempted to introduce mechanisms for distributing wealth. The Islamic economic system (which is a justice-centric system) based on divine servitude has provided mechanisms and strategies for distributing wealth among individuals.

Accordingly, the present study seeks to answer the question of what role and effect does divine servitude have on the just distribution of wealth from the Qur'an's perspective?

The method used in this study is analytical-interpretive.

  The research findings show that the Islamic economic system with regard to divine servitude offers a fair distribution mechanism based on three principles (work and effort - ownership - adequacy and need) as well as approaches from the Qur'an's perspective so that human beings can achieve their goals; Divine attainment and both  material and spiritual dimensions.

The outhors of the article conclude that distributing wealth among individuals in Islamic aconomy system – before and after production- based on work and ownership principles on one hand and adequacy and need principles on the other hand will conclude in justice in wealth distribution..

The purpose of this article is to try to comprehend the Quranic-narrative knowledge of goals, dimensions, and methods of one of the most important and complex existential-nature threats against the system and religious rule; it means "strategic influence".

The method of the present research is descriptive-analytical, which has been compiled by the "library method" and based on the "ijtihad/jurisprudence interpretation" method with the tendency of "thematic interpretation". Quranic verses and hadiths base on related and influential components in "strategic influence" are equated in comparison, analyzed in content, conceptualized, and categorized.

Research findings show that "strategic influence" which is done with a central focus on cognitive-perceptual warfare, targets all aspects of insight-epistemology, attitude - motivation, and Internal/direct-external/active of the religious system at the structural levels, Supreme Leader, rulers, elites and the populace. This article deals with the strategic influence in the field of "attitude-motivation".

The result of the research showed that the validation of the principle and opinion of the system of domination in the form of changing the viewing angle towards the False system, accepting the authority of the dictatorship to Idols and passing the Great Jihad; is its first step. Hidden view of enemy hostility via redefining the measures of enemy recognition, disassembling boundaries with enemies, mixing right and wrong, decorating the enemy and turning avoid the enemy into friendship and follow, the self-concept of the enemy, authorization, crediting of the distorted ones and change of intellectual-behavioral authority, change the "reference group" of the masses, attempt to change cultural authority, are other dimensions of such influence. Also in the field of governance, the change of criteria and measures by turning standardism into personalitism, changing the perception of governance in officials, changing preferences, and forming a line of doubt have formed its later steps.

The aim of this study is to reveal the position and role of critical thinking in the flourishing of innate self-awareness based on the words of Imam Ali (as).

Using descriptive-analytical method, first a common definition and concept was extracted from various philosophical, educational and psychological perspectives.

In order to reveal the place of this common meaning in the words of Imam Ali (as), examples such as self-criticism, lack of mental prejudice, foresight and empiricism, as the most important attributes for critical thinking. , were identified as requiring skills such as fact-finding, solution-finding, and the ability to migrate from the past.

The results of the study revealed that these three skills in critical thinking have a significant role in innate self-awareness and are considered as an integral part of it. because the concept of innate self-awareness was not separated from the concept of the ability to comprehend reality, which was introduced in critical thinking; but it included; because the basis of esoteric consciousness in critical thinking in the manner of Imam Ali (as) has been considered as a fundamental factor in the flourishing of innate self-consciousness and ultimately has made it possible for human being to access to the pure truth by paying attention to the supernatural and metaphysics.

This article sought to examine the influence of the need-based approach on educating the student ethics of female teachers of Bint Al-Huda Sadr campus of Farhangian University of Guilan in the second semester 2018-2019.

This research was conducted based on a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group.

Most human abilities go back to Wisdom and Wisdom is not obtained except by acquiring knowledge. Human personality grows and evolves in all areas of existence in the light of acquiring knowledge and cognition. For this reason, Communities whose science and education have not developed in the required disciplines and fields cannot flourish. At present, ethics is considered as one of the necessities of the country's academic community and strengthening and growing the ethics of acquiring knowledge due to its impact on our scientific behavior in the stages of education, teaching, research and scientific services, is one of the requirements of the country.

The need-based teaching method was effective on strengthening and developing the student- teacher’s ethics.

The present study aims to analyse the effect of intelligence ability in religious sources as one of the basic human abilities on happiness so that educational systems can nurture this ability, can educate happy people. In this study, the method of documentary analysis of the content of religious texts, including the Quran and Hadith was used. The results showed the existence of various spiritual abilities, including understanding the meaning of the truth of existence, faith, trust, hope in grace, trust and satisfaction in God Almighty, understanding God's judgment and gratitude and being happy, understanding the truth of the existence of the infallibles, appealing and following them, understanding the truth of this world and the hereafter and the phenomenon of death, understanding the human being, as well as receiving the meaning of calamity and patience have happiness is most important. The better and more understood the meaning of the real world, the greater the happiness of man. Based on research results, training human spiritual intelligence can be effective in training happy man. Therefore, Educational systems in order to educate happy man must train and strengthen human spiritual intelligence, so that they can educate happy man to live in this world and the hereafter

The aim of the present survey is to critique the theoretical foundations of "open society theory" or "negative liberal democracy" of Karl Popper

The goal of the research is achieved through   epistemological critique and refutation of the method of refutation in Popper's philosophy of science.

Although Popper in his theory calls for the realization of a society based on the acceptance of individual originality, the centrality of law and equality against it, democracy and freedom, but the condition for the realization of all these principles was only the manifestation of human will. His theory is based on the assumption of "three worlds" in ontology, "falsificationism" in the philosophy of science, and "transformation of certainty" in epistemology, and in contrast to this theory, there is the theory of religious democracy, which in the reading of pure Islam, The basis for accepting the origin, resurrection, and status of the divine caliph of man is based on ontological "realism," "empirical, rational, and revelatory positivism" in the philosophy of science, and "the possibility and necessity of certainty" in epistemology.

The results of the present article can reveal the paradox in the claim of "negative step-by-step reforms" proposed by Popper reformers in the Islamic world and Islamic Iran, and an approach to one of the most fundamental and historical issues in the field of political philosophy, namely " "The foundations of legitimacy in the realization and survival of government."