فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگی و ارتباطات
پیاپی 63 (تابستان 1400)

Environmental communication and water problem:The content analysis of the eighties and nineties Iranian documentaries Iranian society faces many environmental issues, among which the "water problem" is of paramount importance. Today, the humanities have also studied environmental issues and their consequences. Furthermore, environmental communication is one of the areas which has the potential to help solve some aspects of environmental problems. Accordingly, the present article has studied water problem in eighties and nineties Iranian documentaries from environmental communication perspective by using “Framing" theoretical approach. The main question of the research is how Iranian documentaries has addressed the problem of water crisis in Iran. In order to answer the research question, 22 documentaries were analyzed using qualitative content analysis method. The findings indicate that the sustainable development diagnostic and prescriptive frame is the most dominant and pervasive one which Iranian documentarians used to frame the water crisis problem in Iran .

The increasing depth and spread of surveillance methods and equipment in all levels of private and public life in recent decades has led to the emergence of the new interdisciplinary field of “surveillance studies.” In Iran, although the formal and governmental forms of surveillance and control have been much emphasized, different forms of surveillance and control employed inside homes and by family members upon each other have mainly escaped scholarly attention. In this article, we will give a report of our research on the various mechanisms of surveillance and control employed within families in contemporary Iran. In this research, conducted in the years 2015 to 2017, 35 Tehran-based families with children between the ages of 13 and 23 were interviewed. In choosing the interviewees, attention was paid to their economic, ideological, professional, and neighborhood characteristics to insure that various social groups are represented as much as possible. Research results painted a picture of the transformations of surveillance methods inside families within a three-decade period, and pointed to some factors influencing these transformations. They also showed how inequalities in family resources or various kinds of “capital” can result in drastically different levels and methods of surveillance and control inside homes at a time when protection measures are mostly privatized and commercialized. The results also made clear the contestations that exist in contemporary Iran over the contours of surveillance and control between families and other institutions such as the government, public media, and schools.

It is less common in our country to express one's pain. In a few cases, the mass media have given the word of mouth to ordinary people to talk about their past and present sorrows. However, social media has provided a good opportunity for self-portrait and self-disclosure. The purpose of this article is to cogitate Instagram self-portraits achievements of people who have lost a member of their family due to medical error. The statistical population of this qualitative research, which has been done by phenomenological method, is all the members of the families of the victims of medical error who have a page on Instagram for self-writing in this subject. Sampling was targeted Snowball method saturated to 17 people and semi-structured interviews were conducted with the individuals. Data analysis was thematic, with three central brings: relieving hot pain, finding similar persons and community formation, and transferring and receiving experiences and information. The users employ Instagram which is launched to post photos of users daily life, for others goals and defined new fonctions: association for the support of families of victims of medical error or grouptherapy. Therefore, the results showed that users appropriate Instagram, and it is used to meet the psychological and social needs of these people.

Humor, both as a defensive mechanism and as a literary genre, expresses a desire to channel a common worrying issue or a hidden energy in a person. Humor can be divided into different categories, but in practice these categories are combined. Today, the space for publishing critical-political content without a fun and commercial role has become narrower in the popular mediums, however there are traces of criticism and political rhetoric found in this entertaining and commercial content. A common cultural base and understanding is one of the frames for humor existence so this interdimensional study concentrates on the role of culture in shaping contents and also with a communicational approach, looks into satire as a carrier of various messages. In this article, with an attempt to classify, first the types of humor in cyberspace are analyzed in general and then the contents of humor and jokes that were published on social networks during the spread of Corona virus are assorted. The final effort of this research is to accumulate unconscious layers of a concentrated energy, anger or anxiety that manifests itself in the form of humorous content and jokes in cyberspace; while limiting its subject to Coronavirus and related humorous content. Typology of satire content can be useful to determine conscious and subconscious concerns of the society and in this article, satire of the corona virus era is analyzed as everyday political, taboo breaker, social-communicational and popular types.

Social activists in the field have employed new communication technologies in order to change their surrounding environment. This article studies the social activism of the Kurds of Iraq in the cyberspace. This research was conducted by the combination of two methods cyber ethnography also known as virtual ethnography and In-deph interview. The results of this research have revealed that limitations such as pertaining to a part for media have caused Iraqi Kurd activists to not be able to utilize the main channels for achieving their objectives. These factors have led Iraqi Kurd activists to employ the alternative media which currently are the social networks for action. The main privileges of the social networks for Kurd activists of Iraq are promotion of citizen journalism, demolition of censorship and state control, the chance of resistance and political action, entanglement of online and offline dimensions and connecting with Kurd activists from other countries. The latter is the most significant characteristic of Iraqi Kurd activism in the communicative cyberspace is that they can find the Kurds of other countries and be able to execute joint actions related to their Kurdish identity.

This article looks for analyzing how professor’s cultural and artistic consumption. We problematized it as Professor’s cultural life. How is a professor’s cultural life? For answering this question, also, we refer to the professor’s scientific life to illustrate better understand the effects his scientific life on the cultural life. Thus, based on the qualitative method, we choose University of Tehran and Free University of the central Tehran branch. These two universities have different faculties from art and human science to engineering science and we did the deep interview with 120 professors from different fields. Consequently, the professors’ scientific life is trapped in a tough official structure in which they have to publish many scientific texts otherwise they will lose their position. Therefore, professors transform into a cultural laborer who needs permanently to produce scientific texts and this is out of standards of the creative scientific productions. Then, professor despair of his position and also, Iranian university disregards the condition of professors’ cultural life. Hence, Iranian professor’s primary choice is to spend time in his/her professional field and not only is he/she not aware of the necessity of the consumption of cultural and artistic production but also his/her cultural life is in a crisis condition.

Representation of the Idea of Progress in Ahmad, the Talibov's BookWith Laclau and Mouffe’s Theory of discourseAbstractThis article examines the representation of the idea of progress in constitutional literature through the discourse analysis of Ahmad, Talibov Tabrizi’s book. It demonstrates that how, with the nodal point of "progressive industrialization” in the discourse of technological progress, society moves towards an "ideal society". This requires fundamental changes in "the education of children" and teach them "science of the modern nations." At the same time, with the establishment of factories and companies, "public wealth" increases, and the country compensates for its deficiency in "science" and "wealth." The idea of progress was examined in four respects: rationalism, generalism, the role of government, and the contrast between what is and what should be. It was shown that Talibov believed in the primacy of instrumental reason as the driving force of society. The historical backwardness of society in relation to Western civilization, which can be compensated by the help of an efficient and lawful government. The main contributors to the progress are "patriotic engineers", "patriotic scholars" and "full effort believers" and they must defend the honor of the homeland against Western colonialism.

Sociological research on institutional cultural development; Institute for Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults in Pahlavi Era How cultural development takes place is an important issue in development studies that goes beyond theoretical discussions, analyzing examples and exploring objective trends, determining capacities, researcher mechanisms, and the resulted social changes which involved in the indigenous communities are important issues. The present article, by introducing the components of cultural development, has analyzed the record of the Center for the Intellectual Development of Children and Adolescents Institute for Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults between 1965-1979.Findings show that although we can talk about the development of artistic creation and cultural interaction in the discussion of the cultural development in limited scale and of course based on the communication action of actors in this institution. It was able to create value and mental patterns on national level and gain success in global sphere.

The “Right to the City” provides a universal entitlement for all citizens to enjoy the public features of Urban Life. The Public Spaces, accordingly, should remain open to those groups and communities who traditionally had the least of fair opportunities to take part in Civil Society. Public Library, as a “Third Place”, is expected to be a pioneer in welcoming the people of “Marginalized” lives. By adopting a critical stance, this research has focused on the experience of a number of women who regularly attend public libraries in variegated regions of Tehran. Based on the results, public libraries are still in serious need of betterment, both spatially and socially, in creating democratic environments in which women are considered as equal citizens. Suffice it to say, there are still a variety of factors that deprive women of an inclusive atmosphere. Most of them are generally inclined to use public libraries, but they also have serious difficulties in expressing themselves freely in such public spaces. The research has also come up with some recommendations in the case of urban management and planning which could be of help in improving the qualities of public libraries.

The present study examines communication patterns and interactions as well as informal powers inside the prison. The importance of informal power can be recognized in its direct impact on formal authority as well as on the social life of prisoners, including communication patterns, interactions, patterns, and economic equations. The conceptual framework of the present research is based on the qualitative and exploratory understanding of the situation, rather than the use of preconditioned concepts. Goffman and the symbolic interaction theory is a reference framework for this study to understand the logic of informal interactions and communications. The logic of symbolic interaction, language, action frameworks, rites and rituals, identity processes, and the logic of power relations are fundamental concepts for this research, which are considered from the horizons of symbolic interaction thinkers, especially Goffman. The applied research method is narrative research and the data is collected through interview technique. The studied population is the prisoners in the central prison of Karaj and I have tried to have a random sample from the list of prisoners, although, in some cases snowball method has been used due to research purposes. The results of this study reveal that, the common understanding of the prison atmosphere is a unilateral understanding and the prison atmosphere is viewed through the legislator's perspective.action formations, in contrast to the formal authority of the prison, comprise a range of complicity, confrontation, concealment and so on, which can be defined as a forms of resistance.

AbstractIn this research paper, the author examines the "position of Tehran metropolis in optimizing cultural communication diplomacy" by adopting an interdisciplinary and theoretical framework that encompasses theoretical approaches to areas: Strategic Public Diplomacy; Public Diplomacy: Cultural Diplomacy; Soft Power theory, strategic communication, networked city-future information, paradigm and urban diplomacy. This exploratory study is applied in terms of purpose, analytical in the form of correlation analysis and in terms of data collection, it is a survey and cross-sectional. The study also uses descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution tables and graphs, concordant tables, and statistical inferential methods such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk test, significant differences in means such as one-way ANOVA, ANOVA tests. Kruskal-Wallis, Tukey's Equality Test, Mann-Whitney U test. The final result of the research shows that all the capacities of Tehran metropolis have not been properly utilized in order to optimize cultural communication diplomacy of the country and only a few measures and processes are active in this regard. It has also been concluded that there is no systematic approach to Tehran's role in cultural communication diplomacy.

In the present day, the growing spread of communication tools and increasing the internet penetration have caused the impact of traditional to decline and the impact of social media to increase. The emergence of social media and their unique features have led companies to pay special attention to these media as a platform to establish long-term communication with customers. One of the most important tools used by companies on social media to communicate with customers is social media based brand community. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of integration in social media based brand community on customer satisfaction and brand evangelism via brand trust. For this purpose, an online questionnaire was designed and sent to a number of followers of different brands pages on Instagram. At the end 265 questionnaires received from the respondents were used. Collected data were analyzed by structural equation modeling method and partial least squares approach, and the software used in the research was Smart PLS2. The results of the analysis indicated that integration in social media based brand community had a positive and significant effect on brand trust. The results also demonstrated that brand trust had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction and brand evangelism in social media based brand community. In addition, the positive and significant effect of customer satisfaction on brand evangelism was confirmed. Finally, the mediating role of customer satisfaction in the relationship between brand trust and brand evangelism was found to be meaningful.