نشریه خانواده درمانی کاربردی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 7، پاییز 1400)

The present study aimed to develop a structural model of life satisfaction based on emotional regulation, problem-solving skills, and tolerance of ambiguity (TA) mediated by personality traits of couples.

The research method was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population consisted of all couples who visited counseling centers 2 and 5 in Tehran in 2018. Among them, 380 individuals were selected by convenience sampling. The life satisfaction questionnaire by Diner et al. (1985), cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire by Garnfsky et al. (2001), Hepner''s problem-solving questionnaire (1982), tolerance of ambiguity questionnaire by McLain (1993), and the five-factor NEO personality inventory (NEO-PI) by McCrae and Costa (1985) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using structural equations, SPSS22, and AMOS24.

The results indicated a direct significant effects of emotional regulation (P=0.01, β=0.40), problem-solving skills (P=0.01, β=0.32), Tolerance of ambiguity (P=0.01, β=0.22), and personality traits- neuroticism (P=0.01, β=0.22), extraversion (P=0.01, β=0.23), openness to experience (P=0.01, β=0.19), agreeableness (P=0.01, β=0.22), and conscientiousness (P=0.01, β=0.27) on life satisfaction. There was also a significant relationship between emotional regulation, problem-solving skills, and tolerance of ambiguity with life satisfaction mediated by personality traits (P=0.01).

Personality traits play a mediating role in the relationship between emotional regulation, problem-solving skills, and increasing tolerance of ambiguity. Life satisfaction can increase by teaching problem-solving skills and emotional regulation.

The present study aimed to provide a model for predicting emotional divorce based on attachment style, and sexual function components in women with the mediating role of emotional intelligence.

The research was descriptive-correlational and had an exploratory sequential and directed type. The statistical population consisted of married women who visited counseling centers in Tehran in 2019. The research had a multi-stage random sampling method, and its statistical sample size consisted of 350 married women based on Sample Power software, and 372 ones were selected according to the 20% probability of sample drop. The research tools included Gottman Emotional Divorce Scale (EDS) (2008), Collins and Read adult attachment Scale (RASS) (1990), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) by Rosen et al. (2000), and Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i) (1997). Data were analyzed using structural equations (Smart PLS).

The results indicated that emotional divorce based on secure, ambivalent, and avoidant attachment styles, and sexual function had a good fit mediated by emotional intelligence in married women (P=0.01). Furthermore, the study of significant direct and indirect paths indicated that the significant direct path of secure, avoidant, and ambivalent attachment styles, and sexual function with the emotional divorce of married women (P=0.01). Moreover, the results of the indirect path indicated positive effects of secure, avoidant, and ambivalent attachment styles, and sexual function mediated by emotional intelligence on the emotional divorce of married women (P=0.01).

We need to pay attention to the interaction of psychological elements to improve marital relationships during treatment considerations to create cohesion and a satisfactory marital relationship based on recognizing the emotions of each couple, and modifying the types of attachment styles of couples.

Aim The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Farsi version of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ, Luthans, Avolio, Avey & Norman, 2007) among male and female gifted adolescents. In this correlational study, 366 adolescents (182 male and 184 female) completed the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), Health-oriented Academic Life-Style promoting/reducing Behaviors Questionnaire (HALSBQ, Salehzadeh, Shokri & Fathabadi, 1396), School Engagement Inventory (SEI, Salmela-Aro & Upadaya, 2012) and School Burnout Inventory (SBI, Salmela-Aro, Kiuru, Leskinen & Nurmi, 2009). The confirmatory factor analysis and multi-group methods were used to compute the PCQ's factorial validity and its gender invariance, respectively. The results of confirmatory factor analysis based AMOS software showed that the four factor model of PCQ (self-efficacy, resiliency, optimism and hope) fit well to the data across two groups. The results of multi-group confirmatory factor analysis revealed the cross-group invariance of factorial structure, factor loadings, and factor variances and covariance’s of the PCQ across male and female adolescents. Correlational analyses between psychological capacity with academic well-being and academic life style behaviors provided initial evidence for the PCQ criterion validity. Internal consistency coefficients for the self-efficacy, hope, resiliency and optimism subscales were 0/88, 0/86, 0/86 & 0/80 respectively. In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the PCQ to measure of psychological capital in male and female gifted adolescents.

The main purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of Acceptance & commitment therapy on alexithymia, marital burnout and life quality of women exposed to Infidelity. This research was quasi experimental with a pre-test/post-test design with control group. The target population included women referred to Mashhad counselling centers who were exposed to spouse sexual infidelity. Twenty women were selected by convinance sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Each group included 10 members. Before training both groups went under pre-test in which they were asked to complete Toronto Alexithymia scale, Pines Marital Burnout Questionnaire and Life Quality Questionnaire. The experimental group went under Acceptance & commitment therapy in groups which was designed for 12 sessions, whereas the control group didn’t receive any training. After training sessions, post- test was performed and data was analyzed by using ANCOVA. The results showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment on mood dysphoria (F = 7.74, P = 0.012), marital boredom (F = 9.32, P = 0.007) and quality of life (93 / 10 = F, P = 0.004) Women affected by marital infidelity are effective; and this effect was stable in the follow-up phase. Therefore, because of the mental flexibility of this therapy, it can be used for those women suffering from infidelity.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and interaction behavior analysis on marital conflict between couples seeking divorce.

The present study was a quantitative study and in terms of research method, it was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group with 2-month follow-up. The statistical population of this study was all married people with marital disputes in Rasht in the second half of 1397 referred to welfare, dispute resolution councils, family courts and counseling centers that 40 people were selected by available and then randomly They were replaced in three groups of 15 people. In the first stage, by available (voluntary) method, after confirming and signing the consent form to participate in the research, it was randomly divided into 3 experimental schema therapy groups (n = 15), interaction behavior analysis experimental group (n = 15) and group Controls (15 people) were included. Then, two approaches of schema therapy and interaction behavior analysis were performed on two experimental groups at the rate of twelve one-hour sessions twice a week. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.

The results showed that schema therapy intervention and interaction behavior analysis are effective on marital conflict (F = 125.23, P = 0.001) and this effect is stable in the follow-up phase. The results of Scheffe post hoc test showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of interaction behavior analysis and schema therapy in reducing the effectiveness of marital conflict (p <0.05); Therefore, the analysis of interactional behavior had a greater effect on reducing the marital conflicts of the participants.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an Islamic approach based on balance selection on the quality of life, happiness, and life satisfaction of women.

The study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design, experimental and control groups, and quarterly follow-up. The statistical population consisted of married women who visited counseling centers of the Psychology and Counseling Organization in 2018. In the study, 28 married women were selected by a purposive method and were randomly assigned to two 14-individual groups, experimental and control. The research tools included Life Satisfaction Questionnaire by Diner et al. (1985), Short-Form Health Survey by Ware & Sherbourne (1992), and Oxford Happiness Inventory by Argyle et al. (1989). The experimental group was trained with the researcher-made Islamic approach based on the balance selection in twelve sessions, and the control group did not receive any training. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance.

The results indicated that the Islamic approach based on balance selection was effective in improving quality of life (P=0.014, F= 6.20), life satisfaction (P=0.002, F=7.72), and happiness (P=0.047, F=3.15) in married women, and the effect was stable in the follow-up phase.

The results showed that the Islamic approach psychotherapy based on balance selection had a stable effect of treatment on the quality of life, happiness, and satisfaction of women who visited counseling centers of the Psychology and Counseling Organization in Tehran. Therefore, this method can be used as an effective intervention method to increase the quality of life, happiness, and satisfaction of people, especially married women.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and problem solving skills training on the mental well-being of abusers in addiction treatment centers in Sarpol-e Zahab.

The method of the present study was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and follow-up period with two experimental nodes and a control group. The statistical population of the study included all married addicted men referred to addiction treatment centers in Sarpol-e Zahab city in 1397-98 that 60 people were selected by available sampling and divided into three groups (20 experimental groups 1 and 20 experimental groups 2 and 20 control groups). Substituted randomly, all three groups were first assessed with the Life Satisfaction Scale (SWLS), Diner et al. (1985); Both experimental groups underwent 12 sessions of 90 minutes under the intervention of Young, Closco, & Wieshar (2003) Schema Therapy and Dixon & Clover, 1984, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using mixed variance analysis of repeated measures.

The results showed the effect of schema therapy intervention on negative emotions (F = 24.48, P = 0.001), positive emotions (F = 31.84, P = 0.001) and life satisfaction (= 3.82). F, P = 0.081) and problem solving skills intervention on negative emotions (F = 29.74, P = 0.001), positive emotions (F = 21.58, P = 0.001) and life satisfaction ( F = 4.46, P = 0.041) and the stability of this effect was in the follow-up stage.

According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that schema therapy and problem solving skills can be used by therapists as preferential therapies in the interventions of drug users.

This study aimed to predict the sexual performance women of Self-concept, self-efficacy and sexual awareness. To conduct this descriptive study, 500 women (40-24 years old) referred to health centers (2018) were selected by the available sampling method. The Female Sexual Function Index - FSFI (2000), and Multi-dimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire - MSSCQ (2013) were used to validate the data, and Pearson correlation coefficients, correlation variance, and regression coefficients were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the components of sexual self-concept play a role in predicting women's sexual performance. According to the study, sexual beliefs as sexual self-concept play a predictive role in women's sexual performance and the most important predictor of sexual function is sexual awareness, sexual desire, self-blame in sexual problems, sexual self-efficacy, sexual courage, and management It's a sexual issue. According to the results of sexual anxiety, self-blame in sexual problems, fear of sex and sexual depression is inversely related to sexual function. Between sexual self-efficacy, sexual awareness, motivation to avoid high-risk sex, sexual desire, sexual courage and boldness, sexual optimism, sexual monitoring, sexual motivation, sexual management, sexual validity, sexual satisfaction, personal patterns Sex, prevention of sexual problems and internal control of sexual issues are directly related to sexual function.

current study was done by the purpose of identifying Turkmen couples’ problems by their prospective.

For data gathering in-depth semi-structured interviews were used.

By data analyzing four important categories were obtained: couple inThis research was a qualitative content analysis method. The statistical population of this study was all Turkmen couples seeking divorce referred by the judiciary for peace and reconciliation to the counseling center. Twenty couples were selected based on purposeful sampling and saturation criteria and participated in the study.efficiency, individual inefficiency, contextual conditions and cultural conditions. Couple inefficiency with 16 subcategories (couples' reaction to conflict, dysfunctional relationship, lack of alignment, Lack of sexual shyness , unfaithfulness, love deprivation, disregard for kinship, lack of couple relationships, destructive role of main families, major family reaction key in disagreement, inadequacy and Integrity in the Relationship, inefficient bordering, negative attitude to the future of relationship, neglect and difference in religious attitude) and individual inefficiency with 1 subcategory (effective personal characteristics on divorce), contextual conditions with 2 subcategories (inappropriate marriage forming, effective social factors on divorce) and cultural condition with 1 subcategory (effective cultural factors on divorce).

on the research findings, it can be stated that many problems of Turkmen couples are similar to the problems of other couples. And it is possible to reduce marital conflicts by developing an educational package appropriate to the problems.

The aim of the research was to comparison the effectiveness of integrated systematic- constructive method with solution focusd with systematic- structrual on marital confilicts and boundaris and triangulation among couples in Isfahan. The research was quasi-experimental with pre test, post test and follow up with experimental and control groups design. The statistical population was all married and conflicted couples in Isfahan in 1998-99, from which samples of 30 couples were selected by convenience sampling and non-randomly were assigned in three groups experimental groups and one control group (ten couples in each group).The experimental group received 8 ninety minute sessions while control group was in waiting list. The measurements were marital confilicts scale (Sanaei, 2008) and Bounderis and triangulation scale (Dehghani & Yousefi, 2001). Gathered data was analyzed by descriptive (means and standard deviations) and inferential (repeated measure variance) statistics. The results showed the integrated method had significant effects on marital confilicts (F= 178.29, P< 0.01), triangulation (F= 5.162, P< 0.01) rigid boundaris (F= 38.40, P= 0.01) felexible boundaries (F=905.67, 0.01) and unrestriened boundareies (F= 202.15, P<0.01). The results of tuki Post hoc test showed the integrated method is more effective on improving marital confilicts, boundaries and triangulation among couples and pairwise comparison showed that the results were stable in the follow-up stage. As regard the results it can be said the systematic solution focused can be used to improve marital confilicts, triangulation and boundaries.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of positive parenting education and socio-emotional learning education for parents of preschool children on their children's adaptive behavior.

The present research method was quasi-experimental and the design used in this study was a three-group pretest-posttest design with two experimental groups and a control group with one month follow-up. The statistical population of the study consisted of parents of preschool children with their children in Tehran in 1398, from which 45 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people in each group) and one The control group (15 people) was assigned. The first experimental group received positive parenting training in Saunders, 2005 for 8 two-hour sessions, and the second experimental group received dull social-emotional learning training in 2003, 8 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group remained on the waiting list. The tools used in the present study included adaptive behavior (Wineland, 1965) which was used in three stages: pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.

The results showed that positive parenting intervention and socio-emotional learning on individual independence (F = 18.19 and P = 0.001), social behavior (F = 4.69 and P = 0.010) and total behavior score Marital adaptation (F = 15.39 and P = 0.001) is effective; And this effect was stable in the follow-up phase.

The findings showed that both interventions used in this study can significantly improve adaptive behavior in children; Therefore, these educational services can be used in preschool centers to improve adaptive behavior in children.

The purpose of the present study was to provide a model to determine the relationship between personality traits and parenting styles of children using parenting

This is a descriptive-correlational descriptive-correlational study of partial and directional least squares type and the statistical population consisted of children aged 13 to 15 years in Mashhad high school and their parents in 1998-96 that were 85,842 persons. Multistage random sampling and sample size based on the software estimated the sample size (n = 510) and given the probability of 20% drop in sample size 530 (265 boys and 265 girls) and 1060 parents were selected. The research instrument was the Costa and Wake Carey Personality Inventory of Short Form 1989, the Collins and Reed Adult Attachment Scale of 1990, and the Nourbakhsh Child Abuse Self-Report Scale (2013).

The results showed that the design of a suitable structural model for predicting child abuse based on parental personality traits and attachment styles was in good agreement with the theoretical model. Also, the direct path to secure attachment style (β = 0.41, P=0.001), avoidant attachment style (β= 0.35, P=0.001) and ambivalent attachment style (β= 0.42, P=0.001), parental personality traits, share of neuroticism (P = 0.46, P = 0.001), extraversion (P = 0.44, P = 0.001), openness (β= 0.40, P=0.001), agreeing (β= 0.35, P=0.001), and being conscientious (β= 0.41, P=0.001) Abuse of children is significant.

Based on the research findings, it is suggested that family counselors deal with the interpersonal elements to improve parent-child relationships during preventive considerations in order to create a cohesive and conscious relationship.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on quality of life in adolescents with borderline personality disorder.

The present study was a real experimental factor design with pre-test and post-test with a 2-month follow-up phase. The statistical population of the present study included all adolescent female patients in the age range of 15 to 17 and with borderline syndrome disorder in Bojnourd public ward transplant clinic in 1399-1400. Using simple random sampling method, 40 of them were selected and 3 experimental groups (10 people in each group) and one control group (10 people) were replaced. The experimental groups underwent 20 sessions of 90-minute schema therapy with cognitive, experimental and behavioral techniques; But the control group did not receive any intervention and remained on the waiting list. The Borderline Personality Traits Scale for Children (BPFS-C) of Craig et al. (2005) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36) by War and Chorbon (1992) were used to collect data. The analysis of the information obtained from the implementation of the questionnaires was performed through SPSS software version 24 in two descriptive and inferential sections (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Ben Foroni post hoc test).

The results showed that the mentioned treatment with its three techniques in the post-test and follow-up stage compared to the control group had a significant effect on increasing the quality of life of borderline personality (P <0.05).

Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that schema therapy can be used as a treatment method to increase the quality of life of borderline personality of adolescent girls with borderline personality disorder in medical centers.

The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of psychological vulnerability in the relationship between dependence on social networks and emotional divorce in women.

This study was a correlation of structural equations with a covariance-based approach. The statistical population of the study was all women aged 20 to 40 years who referred to 5 counseling centers in cooperation with the Department of Justice in Babol to receive divorce-related services. Taking into account the possibility of incomplete questionnaires, 432 people were selected as purposive sampling. To collect information, questionnaires of social network dependence (2016), psychological vulnerability of carpenters and Davoodi (2001), and emotional divorce of Mohammadi et al. (2015) were used.

The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between psychological vulnerability and dependence on social networks with emotional divorce (P = 0.05). The indirect path of dependence on social networks was significant with the rate of emotional divorce mediated by psychological vulnerability and the fit of the research model was confirmed (P = 0.05).

According to the present study, it is suggested that in terms of mental health as well as the strength of couples' relationships, counseling and providing appropriate information and education for families in the field of marital improvement and satisfaction should be considered.

This study is a combination. A qualitative approach was used to develop an educational package to improve the psychological status of control and self-sacrificing children, and a quantitative approach and a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and two-month follow-up were used to compare its effectiveness with cognitive processing therapy. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research, in addition to scientific texts, included all children of martyrs and self-sacrificing families of Yasuj city, who were studying in Shahed high schools and Yasuj University in the academic year 1397-1398. A small part of the community consisted of all the children of the martyr and self-sacrificing families of Yasuj city. Qualitative sampling was performed purposefully and 15 people were interviewed semi-structured to theoretical saturation. In the quantitative section, 45 children of control and self-sacrificing families of Yasuj city were selected by purposive sampling method and were interviewed with Garnfsky et al.'s (2002) emotion regulation questionnaire and Simmons and Gahr (2005) distress tolerance questionnaires. Qualitative data were analyzed by phenomenological method and emphasized by Klaizi and quantitative data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test.

The research showed that the content of the package to improve the psychological status of children of martyrs and self-sacrificing families includes four main concepts: training to deal with grief and loss, training to cope and overcome suffering, training to expand social support, training to adapt to Conditions and position. Quantitative results also showed that there is no significant difference between the two groups of educational package of improving the psychological status of control and self-sacrificing children and cognitive processing therapy on cognitive regulation of emotion and distress tolerance.

 The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy therapy on the rate of aggression and life expectancy of sexual minorities with bipolar disorder. 

 The research method was quasi-experimental with experimental group and control group, pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up and tatistical population of 62 people referred to the Sexual Minority Counseling Center in 1397. From this community, 30 people were randomly selected and 15 people were randomly assigned to each of the two experimental and control groups. The research tools were the Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992) and Schneider's Lifetime Hope (1991), as well as the Yang, Klosko, and Wischer (2003) intervention schematic intervention intervention programs, which were presented to the experimental group in 8 90-minute group sessions using data from the test. Mixed variance analysis was analyzed. 

 The results showed the effect of schema therapy intervention on aggression (P = 5.33, P = 0.028) and life expectancy (P = 4.62, P = 0.040) and the stability of this effect in the follow-up phase. 

 The results of the study suggest evidence that schematic therapy intervention is a good way to reduce aggression and improve life expectancy, so it can be used to improve the mental state of people with sexual minorities.