مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
سال شصت و چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 176، خرداد و تیر 1400)

Exercise increases glucose intake and is an effective way to control diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interval and continuous exercise on GDF-15, pancreatic beta cell function and insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes.

45 women with type 2 diabetes with a mean age of 38.69±3.11 and fasting blood sugar of 9.78±1.25 mmol/l were randomly divided into three groups: continuous exercise, interval exercise and control. Continuous exercise consisted of twelve weeks, 3 sessions per week from 50 to 75% of maximum heart rate. Interval exercise continued from 75 to 90% of maximal heart rate. Sampling was performed before and after the intervention. Dependent t-test was used to compare within-group changes and analysis of covariance was used to compare between groups.

According to the statistical results, in the continuous group, a significant decrease was seen in the post-test compared to the pre-test, and in the interval group, an increase in the level of GDF-15 was observed. There was a significant difference between the mean insulin resistance in the pre-test and post-test periods in the continuous and interval groups compared to the control group. In the continuous and interval groups, there was a significant difference between the mean performance of beta cells in the pre- and post-period periods compared to the control group (P= 0.05).

Performing a period of continuous and interval exercise is effective in improving beta cell function, blood glucose Reduction and improving insulin resistance.

Pain after surgery is an unpleasant experience. This process causes physiological disorders in all systems of the body. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most widely used drugs to control postoperative pain. Therefore, this study was performed to compare the prophylactic effect of intravenous ibuprofen and intravenous ketorolac in pain control after upper extremity surgery.

In this randomized double-blind clinical trial study, 60 patients with anesthesia class I and II underwent upper limb orthopedic surgery. Patients were randomly divided into intravenous ibuprofen and ketorolac. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and heart rate before surgery, 1, 10 and 20 minutes postoperatively were recorded. Pain was measured before, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21 and using descriptive and inferential statistical tests.

Ibuprofen and ketorolac groups were similar in terms of gender, age, BMI and ASA. The results of Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a significant difference between ibuprofen and ketorolac groups in terms of pain at 6 hours postoperatively (p <0.05). At 6 hours postoperatively, the mean pain in patients in the ibuprofen group was higher than in the ketorolac group. Also, the results of Friedman test showed that the pain trend was significant in the ketorolac and ibuprofen groups (p <0.05).

Based on the results of the present study, injection of 30 mg intravenous ketorolac had more pain relief than 400 mg ibuprofen during the study, especially in the first 6 hours after surgery among patients undergoing upper limb orthopedic surgery.

Having a disabled child can be associated with experiencing negative emotions in the parents, including their mothers. Such negative emotions may include guilt, shame, sadness, anxiety and worry, anger and tension, and despair. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on hope and distress tolerance in mothers of children with physical-motor disabilities.

The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population was comprised of all mothers of children with physical-motor disabilities who referred to schools for physically disabled children in Tehran during April to July 2019. Purposive sampling was used to select 30 female subjects who were then randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 15) and control groups (n = 15). In the pre-test stage, Adult Hope Scale and Distress Tolerance Scale were administered. Afterwards, the experimental group was treated for 8 sessions while the control group did not receive any intervention. Finally, both groups participated in post-test and follow-up (3 months). Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.

The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups after the treatment. Consequently, the mean score of hope and distress tolerance in the experimental group increased compared to the control group (P <0.001).

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in improving hope and distress tolerance in mothers of children with physical-motor disabilities.

Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) produsing Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as a threat to hospital infection control, due to its multi-drug resistance. Nowadays treatment of this infection is a serious problem due to spreading of antibiotic resistance. In this study, the frequency of blaVIM (1,2) , blaIMP(1,2) genes in P.aeruginosa strains isolated from samples of of health centers in Khorasan Razavi province was investigation by phenotypic and genotypic methods.

Totally 74samples of P.aeruginosa were collected from Khorasan Razavi's hospitals during the years of 2017-18  and identified by biochemical methods. In these strains, the production of Metallo-β-lactamase was measured by Combined disk method and the presence of blaVIM (1,2) , blaIMP(1,2) gene was investigated by multiplex PCR method.

The highest rate of infection is related to urinary culture (45.94%). Totally, 38 samples (51.35%) were diagnosed as MBL by Combined disk method. in Multiplex PCR 11 samples (14.8%) contained blaVIM1 gene, 3 samples (4%) contained blaVIM2 genes. 12 samples (16.2%) contained blaIMP2 genes and None of the strains contain the blaIMP1 gene.

The blaVIM1 and blaIMP1 gene has the highest frequency among the samples and The highest rate of infection is related to the urine specimen. Considering the increasing of antibiotic resistance, identifying the type of resistance and selecting the appropriate drug can be a major step in the treatment and control of infections caused by this bacteria.

Most women experience one of the symptoms of PMS and these symptoms affect the quality of life and relationships of women in the family, workplace and community. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy on the severity of premenstrual symptoms.

The research design was quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test with three experimental groups and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all married women in Tehran. From this population, 54 people were selected as a statistical sample by the available method and randomly replaced in three groups (two experimental groups and one control group). The required findings were collected using the Premenstrual Syndrome Questionnaire (Steiner et al., 2003) in three rounds: pre-test, post-test and follow-up test, and using repeated measures analysis of variance test Was analyzed.

The results showed that the mean severity of premenstrual symptoms in individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy groups decreased compared to the pretest and the results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the effect of therapies on The reduction in the severity of premenstrual symptoms was significant and stable (p≤0.001) and the results of comparing individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy showed that there was no significant difference between individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy approaches.

Considering the effectiveness of individual and couple Emotion Focused Therapy, this approach can be used as one of the intervention methods by marriage counselors and family therapists.

A special type of alopecia called androgenetic alopecia is one of the most common skin and hair diseases, and topical minoxidil solution is one of the best treatments. Studies have shown that the use of topical 5% minoxidil solution in patients with androgenetic alopecia reduces hair loss, increases patients' satisfaction with recovery and increases hair growth. Also, the therapeutic effects of flutamide in women with hair loss have been shown that flutamide is a very suitable treatment regimen for the treatment of these patients and its low doses are very suitable and have few side effects. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of 5% minoxidil solution with the combined solution of minoxidil 5% and flutamide 2% in patients with androgenetic alopecia referring to Isfahan Skin Clinic.

This study was a randomized double-blind clinical trial that was conducted as a preliminary study from the summer of 1397 to the summer of 1398 in Al-Zahra Hospital. After identifying patients with mild to moderate androgenetic alopecia as a simple coincidence available to 40 people, they were randomly divided into two groups of cases and 20 subjects. Patients in the control group received 5% minoxidil solution, 1 cc each 20 drops 2 times a day, and patients in the combined group received 2% flutamide and 5% minoxidil in the same way for 9 months. The required data were collected based on the checklist. After collecting the data in SPSS software, version 22 was examined at a significance level of 0.05.

There was no significant difference between gender, age, hair thickness in the two groups of case and control (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference between hair thickness in the two groups of case and control after intervention (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between hair thickness in the case and control groups before the intervention (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference after the intervention (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between hair thickness in the case group before and after the intervention (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the control group before and after the intervention (P>0.05). There was a significant difference between hair size in the case and control group before and after the intervention (P<0.05). However, the difference between the mean of the control group before and after the intervention does not show much difference. There was a significant difference between patient satisfaction and physician satisfaction in both case and control groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the time of admission in the two groups of case and control (P>0.05).

According to the results of this study and since conducting this study was an introduction to better understanding the therapeutic effects of minoxidil and flutamide in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia and comparing its therapeutic effects in men and women with androgenetic alopecia, so the necessary measures can be taken. He used a combination of these two drug solutions.

Curcumin has an effective protective and therapeutic role in antioxidants that can play an important role during exercise. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of swimming training and curcumin supplementation on antioxidant indices inactive young men. 

In this quasi-experimental study, 40 young men with an age range of 25-20 years were randomly and purposefully selected and divided into four groups of exercise with curcumin, exercise, curcumin, and control. Curcumin was administered orally at a dose of 80 mg nano-micelles daily for four weeks by the groups. Swimming exercises were held for one week for four weeks and three days a week. Blood samples were taken at baseline after the last training session. Paired t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis of data.

The results showed that SOD, CAT, and GPx enzymes increased in the exercise group with curcumin (P≤0.05). In addition, curcumin was able to improve the levels of SOD and CAT enzymes (P≤0.05). Also, no difference was observed in the training and control groups in all three enzymes (P> 0.05).

According to the results of this study, it can be suggested to use curcumin supplements to increase the effects of swimming exercises to improve the level of antioxidant enzymes.

Cardiovascular disease is estimated the cause of 17.3 million deaths annually in the world and 27.4% of deaths in Iran. Since the common risk factors cannot currently predict all causes of cardiovascular disease, researchers have suggested that other factors such as oxidative stress, trace elements, inflammation, and homocysteine may be potential contributors to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, in this study, we assess the association of serum level of homocysteine with the severity of coronary artery involvement.

In this cross-sectional study, 347 patients referred to Ghaem Hospital for angiography and 103 healthy individuals without cardiac symptoms were evaluated. Subjects were divided into five groups with more than 50% stenosis of one (1), two (2), and three (3) arteries, individuals with normal angiography or less than 50% involvement (4), and healthy subjects (5). Serum homocysteine level was measured by ELISA at Bou-ali Research Institute. Statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21.

In this research, 106 healthy people, 91 normal people, and 80, 87, and 89 people with stenosis in one, two, and three arteries, respectively were studied. The mean homocysteine in the groups with stenosis of one, two, and three vessels was significantly higher than the normal and healthy groups (P <0.001). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that increment of one unit of homocysteine raised the chance of vascular involvement in people with one, two, and three-vessel involvement into 1.235 (1. 053-1. 273), 1.289 (1.125-1.414), 1.461 (1.326-1.611), respectively (P <0.001)

The results of the present study showed that increase in concentration of homocysteine as an independent risk factor can lead to greater prevalence and progression of vascular stenosis.

Doctors and nurses are at the forefront of the fight against Covid-19 disease. The aim of this study was to identify behavioral reactions and coping physicians' improvements in Covid-19 disease.

In the present study, the phenomenological method was used. The population of this study included all physicians who recovered from Covid-19 disease in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd between March 2020 and June 2020.Sampling was purposefully selected and studied through in-depth semi-structured interviews and sampling continued until theoretical saturation. Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data.

Data analysis led to the identification of 2 main themes, 8 sub-themes and 30 basic concepts. The first theme was "Effective Behavioral Reactions." Effective behavioral reactions included a set of reactions that included sub-themes: 1- self-management, 2- supportive behaviors, 3- relationship management, 4- effective emotion-based coping, and 5- problem-based coping. The second major theme was "dysfunctional behavioral reactions." Dysfunctional behavioral reactions included a set of reactions that included sub-themes: 1- avoidance behaviors, 2- pathological behaviors, and 3- rebellion and laziness.

Overall, the results of this study showed that the experience of physicians with Covid-19 has severe and adverse consequences and sometimes growth, which were classified into two main axes of efficient behavioral reactions and dysfunctional behavioral reactions. This article is an approach to continue the study of psychological reactions and the development of psychological intervention protocols.

Researchers seek to find more effective therapeutic approaches to treat various diseases. The aim of this study was to compare meta-analysis of the effectiveness of second and third wave therapies on chronic pain.

The research method is meta-analysis. The study population includes all scientific research articles published in Iran that have been performed in the field of effectiveness of second and third wave psychological treatments for chronic pain. The sample size also includes scientific research articles that have been published between 2001 and 2017 and have the necessary conditions in terms of methodology. The research tool is a content analysis checklist by examining the magnitude of the effect of each of the second and third wave psychotherapies. The effect size scale was the mean difference and the statistical analysis was performed with comprehensive meta-analysis software.

The results showed that the average size of Cohen's effect in the second wave studies was 1.816 and in the third wave studies was 1.181 and in 74% of cases, second wave psychotherapy and in 65% of cases, third wave psychotherapy had a significant effect on chronic pain intensity. has it.

It seems that the second and third wave psychotherapy has a high effect on reducing the severity of chronic pain. However, the effect of the second wave of psychotherapy is greater.

With the increasing use of social networks and cyberspace, cyber bullying has also increased in the virtual world. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of anger rumination in the relationship between family functions and cyber bullying in adolescents.

The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational through structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all adolescents aged 15 to 17 in the second and third grades of high school in Mashhad who were studying in the academic year 1399-1400. The sample size was 471 people which was done by cluster sampling method and through an online questionnaire in schools of the second district of Mashhad. The research instruments included Patchin and Hindoja (2016) cyber bullying questionnaire, Epstein and Bishab family function (1983) and the rumination of anger of Sokhodolovski et al. (2001). Data analysis was performed using structural equations in Spss26 and Smart PLS3 software.

The results of structural equations showed that direct paths from family functioning components including emotional intercourse, problem solving, roles and control to anger rumination, as well as direct path from anger rumination to cyber bullying and family functions to cyber bullying were significant. And indirect paths from family functioning to cyber bullying mediated by rumination were not significant.

Based on the results of this study, family functioning and anger rumination can predict cyber bullying in adolescents.

Each unit of donated blood is a valuable health system resource that may rescue a life so we should try to improve the blood product consumption. In this study we assessed the protocols of packed blood cell reserve and consumption to improve these strategies in Dr. Sheikh and Akbar children’s hospitals.

This is a descriptive retrospective study of blood product consumption during 2015-2016 in two academic hospitals of Dr.Sheikh and Akbar children’s hospitals. All reserved and consumed Packed blood cells were evaluated and compared between two time periods before and after applying new blood product request strategies in pediatric surgery ward.

Among 179 reserved packed blood cells in Dr.Sheikh Hospital, only 14 units were consumed  so the consumption/reserve ratio was  7.8% while among 36 reserved packed blood cells in Akbar Hospital , only 5 units were consumed  so the consumption/reserve ratio was 19.4%. CAH surgery and cleft palate increased the packed blood consumption rate as 17.4 and 3.1 times respectively.

packed blood cell reserve strategies modifications based on patients’ condition and the type of surgery instead of just a rigid and routine protocol will improve the consumption to reserve rate of blood products.

Research has shown that reality therapy can affect many psychological issues. Therefore; The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of localized couple therapy based on reality therapy on marital conflicts.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included all couples referred to Kermanshah Transplant Counseling Center. Statistical sample consisted of 20 conflicting graft pairs that were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The research instrument was the revised Marital Conflict Questionnaire - 54 questions by Bagheri et al. Analysis of variance with repeated measures with SPSS software version 25 was used.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the pre-test-post-test, pre-test-follow-up stages, which indicates the effectiveness of reality-based education in improving marital conflict between couples.

It seems that localized couple therapy based on reality therapy has an effect on marital conflicts. It is recommended to do similar research with more samples to increase the external credibility of the research.

 Using programs and comparing them with each other according to ethnic cultural situations in most parts of the world is one of the researches considered by scientists. Therefore; the aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of the Pennsylvania prevention program in both classical and adapted to Iranian-Islamic criteria on the thematic relationships of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders.

 For this purpose, among the mothers of students with autism spectrum disorders who had a file in Shahroud Rehabilitation Center and their autism was identified and registered by a psychiatrist, 45 volunteers were selected by availability and completely randomly. They were replaced in two intervention groups and one control group, so that each group included 15 people. The interventions were performed in five two-hour weekly sessions and participants answered the Bell Thematic Relationship Questionnaire before and after. Data analysis was performed using multivariate covariance statistical method.

 The results of the research showed that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of these two methods of intervention on the thematic relationships of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders.

 The Pennsylvania Prevention Program seems to be effective based on Iranian-Islamic criteria for insecure attachment scales and social incompetence Thematic relationships of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease whose treatment methods have been considered by researchers in various fields. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of educational intervention based on hope therapy approach and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy approach on perceived social support of women with MS.

The present study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and quarterly follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all women with inflammatory bowel disease and a member of the Iranian inflammatory disease association. From this population, 36 people were selected by available non-random sampling method. The research instrument was the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire of Zimet et al. (1988). The experimental groups then received cognitive-therapeutic interventions based on mindfulness and hope therapy, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance using SPSSV19 software.

The results showed that there was a significant difference in the perceived social support variable between the three groups (P <0.05). Intervention groups in the social support variable were significantly different from the control group. Also, there was a significant difference between the two groups of hope therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in the social support variable (P <0.05)

Therefore, it can be said that mindfulness and cognitive therapy methods based on mindfulness are effective on perceived social support of women with multiple sclerosis.

Sexual reluctance is one of the most common sexual disorders in women that causes a major part of marital dissatisfaction and reduced intimacy between couples. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy group training on attachment, intimacy and sexual satisfaction in women with sexual reluctance.

The statistical population consisted of all married women in Najafabad in 1398. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 40 people were selected using available sampling method and randomly assigned to groups. The instruments used in this study were Collins and Reid Attachment Styles Questionnaire, Thompson and Walker Marital Intimacy Questionnaire and Rosen et al.'s Sexual Performance Index. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the results at a significant level (α = 0.05).

The results showed that group training interventions based on acceptance and commitment could have a significant effect on improving the mean of marital intimacy (P <0.001) and sexual satisfaction (P <0.001). These interventions also had a significant effect on improving the mean of secure attachment styles (P <0.001), avoidant insecurity (P <0.05) and ambivalent insecurity (P <0.001).

Considering the significant effectiveness of group therapy training based on acceptance and commitment on research variables, it seems that the implementation of this group therapy method at large levels of society can improve the mental health of women in society.

Coronavirus (Covid-19) has caused changes in the social life of people around the world. These changes include disruption of daily habits and access to public communities and health and education services. The purpose of this article is to investigate the symptoms of children with autism, before and after Quarantine-19 quarantine.

The present study is a prospective comparative causal study aimed at investigating the effects of quarantine and withdrawal from society on the severity of symptoms of the disorder in children with autism. The statistical population was all children aged 6 to 13 years with autism in Tehran. For this purpose, 30 of these children, who were selected as the available sample, were tested with the Gilliam (Garz) Autism Diagnostic Test. This test was performed on the eve of the unforeseen general quarantine of Covid-19 in early March 2017. After the end of the quarantine period, the test was answered again by the parents of these children. The obtained data were analyzed using the statistical analytical method of multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures using SPSS software version 25.

The results showed a significant difference in the severity of symptoms of children with autism before and after quarantine (P≥0.001).

It seems that the reduction of social relations, withdrawal from society and lack of access to education and rehabilitation services for children with autism can be significantly related to increasing the symptoms of the disorder in these children.

Social developments in the past few decades globally, the family system has faced many changes, challenges and gradually reducing the satisfaction of family members, causing psychosocial disruption and increasing cases such as tendency divorced. The aim of this study was to study the role of communication skills, conflict resolution, and problem solving in predicting divorce tendency among married women and men.

The statistical population of the study included all couples in Kashan, 383 of whom were studied using cluster sampling method and data were analyzed using SPSS software. The instruments used were Qaderzadeh et al.'s Divorce Tendency Scales (2012), Rahim Conflict Resolution Scale (1983) and Communication Skills and Problem Solving Scale by Yarmohammadi Vasel et al. (2010).

Findings showed that there is an inverse and significant relationship between problem solving skills, coping with stress, communication skills, assertiveness, self-awareness, empathy, conflict resolution, sexual skills and affection with a tendency to divorce (r= -0.187). Multiple regression analysis by stepwise method also showed that among the factors, only two factors, communication skills and love and emotional interaction, and decision making have a significant role in predicting the divorce tendency (p<0.05).

It seems that having communication skills of love and emotional interaction and decision-making skill may play a role in reducing the divorce tendency by reducing conflict between spouses.

Brucellosis, as the most important and most common disease between humans and animals  (Zoonosis), in the field of emergence and recurrence of infectious diseases, has many damages and dangers. The control and eradication of the Brucellosis has always been considered by experts and articles and books have been published in the form of scientific collaborations. The study was to investigate the status of the "Co-authorship Social Network Centrality" in Brucellosis.

This research is applied research that was performed using scientometric methods with an analytical approach. All Brucellosis publications indexed on the WOSCC from 1901 to 2020 cover this article's statistical population. MeSH was used to identify keywords were used to analyze the data. Excel 2016, UCINET 6.528.0.0 and Netdraw software were used to analyze the data.

The publication trend of Bursellose territory was upward and the highest in 2019 with 398 articles. The "Journal of Clinical Microbiology" and "Blasco, Jose-Maria" were the most influential journals  and authors Impact Factor and h-index. "FERREIRA, F," "LETESSON, JJ" is in the first rank of the Degree of centrality and betweenness centrality of the Brucellosi, respectively. Five authors had the same centrality of closeness and the same chance in all citations.

Scientific collaboration is a complex phenomenon that improves the sharing of capabilities and new scientific knowledge. Examining coauthored social networks' characteristics could provide valuable information about the essential and influential author in the brucellosis network. Study of Social networking indicators coauthors could provide valuable information about important and influential people in the Brucellosis network. The results of the above analysis are a guide for experts and scientific centers in decision-making and policy-making of scientific collaborations and budget allocation.

Various methods, such as genotyping based on coa gene and PCR-based methods, have been used to genetically classify Staphylococcus aureus. In the present study, coa gene tracking was used for genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus strains.

Of the 220 clinical samples obtained from the most common nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, 92 samples (41.81%) were infected with Staphylococcus aureus and were traced in 46 isolates of coagulase encoding gene. Based on a multiplied band of coa gene proliferation isolated in coa+ isolates, four I to IV genotypes were identified from the coa gene, with 29 isolates in the coaI type, 9 isolates in the coaII genotype, 3 isolates in the coaIII genotype, and 5 isolates in the coaIV genotype. In the RFLP test using the AluI enzyme, in the coaI type isolates, there were three 140,170,210 bp fragments, in the coaII type isolates, two 450 and 260 bp fragments, and in the coaIV type isolates, three 450,170 and 210 bp fragments were observed, but in the isolates belonging to coaIII type, no enzyme digestion was found.

Overall, the PCR-RFLP coa gene is a rapid and reliable method for the molecular identification and typing of erectile Staphylococcal isolates, and the high prevalence of coaI genotype in strains isolated from various clinical infections indicates that this type could be a potential source of Staphylococcus aureus spread in the community.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common genetic heart disease which is described as the thickening of the heart wall and causes abnormal cardiac load. It can be associated with dangerous complications such as heart failure, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction and even sudden death. In this study we investigated echocardiographic findings in Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients.

In the present study echocardiographic records of 58 patients who were referred to echocardiography clinic of Ghaem hospital between March 2014 and March 2018 were analyzed. After investigation and categorizing the data in echocardiographic recordings, these data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and significance level was set as p<0.05. Exclusion criteria was included patients with suboptimal echocardiography view.

the most common hypertrophy phenotype among the patients was anterolateral phenotype (44.8%). In patients with mild and severe left ventricular outlet tract obstruction, 60% of them had anterolateral phenotype. Among the patients with mitral regurgitation, in 69.6% of them the etiology was systolic anterior movement. In the present study 21.8%, 23.6% and 20% of patients had mild, moderate and severe left atrial enlargement respectively. Left atrial enlargement severity was significantly associated with the degree of diastolic dysfunction. (P<0.001)

As the anterolateral phenotype is the most common pattern in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and associated with more incidence of mitral regurgitation and LV out flow track obstruction, patients with this phenotype need to be evaluated more precisely.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness training based on stress reduction on resilience and life expectancy of AIDS patients.

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group. The statistical population of the study was among the patients with HIV / AIDS in 1398 who referred to Shariati Government Hospital in Isfahan. Using available sampling, 61 people were studied as a sample. اند. Then, based on the entry and exit criteria, 45 people were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The instruments used to collect data were the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale and the Hertz Life expectancy Questionnaire. After the implementation of the research data, the subjects studied, scored and interpreted and in order to compare the mean scores of the two experimental and control groups and the effect of pre-test scores and other intervening variables on post-test, analysis of covariance was used.

The results showed that there was a difference between the mean scores of resilience in the three groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness training based on stress reduction and control. There is also a significant difference between the mean scores of life expectancy in the three groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness training based on stress reduction and control.

In general, the results indicate the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness training based on stress reduction on resilience and life expectancy of AIDS patients

Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) cysts are often discovered by accident. Due to the lack of specific methods for the definitive diagnosis of premalignant lesions, the management of LUQ cysts is of great importance. In this regard, Awareness of differential diagnoses (such as adrenal and pancreatic cysts), the use of imaging techniques, and surgical indications are very important.

A 56-year-old woman with a history of the left adrenal cyst was referred to the Department of Surgery for LUQ pain after eating. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scan showed a 120 mm cystic lesion of the left adrenal gland. The patient was a candidate for laparoscopic surgery. During surgery and contrary to the initial diagnosis, a large cyst about 150 mm in the tail of the pancreas was detected by the involvement of the splenic vein and artery. Distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy were performed. Pathological examination revealed a mucinous tubulopapillary neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia along with an undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma that was as small as 5 mm.

Current imaging techniques are not able to pinpoint the origin of large LUQ cysts, which can lead to errors in the management of malignant lesions of the pancreas or adrenal. Therefore, it seems that the use of the laparoscopic method not only has advantages such as less pain, reduced hospitalization period, and faster return to daily activities but also can help make the correct diagnosis during surgery and allow the surgeon to make the right decision.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy on perceived stress and depression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

The method of the present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest, posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included 55 patients with irritable bowel syndrome who referred to Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol during the first 6 months of 1398. Using available sampling, 36 people were surveyed as a sample. Then, they were divided into three groups by random sampling method (the first experimental group, the second experimental group and also in a control group. Perceived stress and Beck depression questionnaires were used to collect data. Version 22 was evaluated using analysis of covariance (p <0.05).

The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of perceived stress and the mean scores of depression in the three groups of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and acceptance, commitment and control therapy.

That mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy are effective on perceived stress and depression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

The patients with ischemic heart disease gradually stop following their treatment and self-care behaviors due to vulnerable physical conditions and high involvement in the treatment process. Therefore the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of the intervention based on protection theory on the drug complianceof the patients with ischemic heart disease.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study included the patients with ischemic heart disease at Payamabar-e-A’zam hospital in Bandar Abbas  who came there more than once in the period of March 2019 to May 2020. 16 patients with ischemic heart disease were selected through purposive sampling via paired method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 8 patients). The experimental group received six ninety-minute sessions of protection motivation theory intervention during one-and-a-half months. The applied questionnaire included drug compliancequestionnaire (Morisky et.al, 2008). The data were analyzed through ANCOVA method via SPSS23 software.

The results of ANCOVA method showed that the intervention based on protection motivation theory has been effective on the drug compliancein the patients with ischemic heart disease (p<0.001) in a way that this type of intervention led to the increase of drug compliance (0.46)in these patients.

According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that the intervention based on protection motivation theory can be used as an efficient intervention to increase drug compliance of the patients with ischemic heart disease with the emphasis on teaching correct nutrition, self-care skills, increasing awareness, and relaxation exercises.

Given the high rates of divorce and the necessity of remarriage, the existence of interpersonal and intra-family relationships and its impact on remarriage families performance is undeniable. Due to the importance of the subject, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a communication-enrichment-based intervention on family functioning in remarried families in Khorramabad.

This study was conducted as a pretest-posttest and follow-up study with unequal control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all remarried families with at least one adopted child (3654 families) in Khoramabad city in 2019. Subjects completed the McMaster Family Function Questionnaire. Parents in the experimental group received 12-sessions in 120-minute of 5 weeks of communication enrichment training. Data analysis was performed using repeated measure analysis in SPSS software version 25.

The results showed the effectiveness of communication enrichment package on performance improvement in remarried families.

According to the findings, it can be concluded that using the enrichment package of remarriage families can improve family functioning.

OCD can seriously endanger the patients’ mental health through disturbing their cognitive, psychological and emotional process. Hence, applying efficient therapeutic methods can decrease the degree of this disorder and its related psychological problems. The present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of unified transdiagnostic treatment on tolerance of uncertainty and thought-action fusion in the patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).

The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group design and two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included the people with OCD who referred to centers of psychology and consultation services in the city of Isfahan from March to July 2020. 30 people with OCD were selected through convenient sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 15). 3 individuals from the experimental group and 1 person were excluded from the study. The experimental group received ten ninety-minute sessions of unified transdiagnostic treatment (Barlo et.al, 2011) during two-and-a-half months. The applied questionnaires in this study included tolerance of uncertainty scale (Mc Leen, 1993) and thought-action fusion scale (Shefran, et.al, 1996). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA.

the results showed that unified transdiagnostic treatment has significant effect (p<0.001) on tolerance of uncertainty and thought-action fusion in the patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). 

the findings of the present study showed that the unified transdiagnostic treatment can be used as an efficient therapy to increase tolerance of uncertainty and decrease thought-action fusion in the people with OCD through employing techniques such as recognizing emotions, teaching emotional awareness, cognitive reevaluation, identifying models of emotion prevention and investigating behaviors resulting from emotion.

The students are considered the main resources in the society and they can pave the way for the development of the societies through successful educational performance. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of training self-compassion on high school students’ school phobia.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population included secondary high school students in the city of Tehran in academic year 2019-20. 40 students were selected though multi-stage clustered random sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group 20 students). The experimental group received seven sixty-minute sessions of training intervention of self-compassion (Germer, 2009) during a month. The applied questionnaires in the study were school phobia questionnaire. The data were analyzed through ANCOVA method using SPSS 23 software.

The results showed that training self-compassion has significant effect on high school students’ school phobia (p < 0.001) in a way that this intervention has led to the decrease of high school students’ school phobia.

The findings of the study revealed that training self-compassion can be used as an efficient method to decrease high students’ school phobia through employing techniques such as familiarity with the concept of mindfulness, accepting emotions, facing emotions, the skill of personal accountability, and self-awareness.

Supporting the family foundation is a matter of high importance in various societies. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of couple intelligence training on the couples’ marital satisfaction and adjustment.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, and control group design and two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population of the present study included 20 to 45-year-old couples with marital conflict who referred to consultation centers in the city of Isfahan in the first quarter of 2020. Thirty 20 to 45 year-old couples with marital conflicts were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 15 couples). Three couples from the experimental group and two couples from the control group quitted the study after starting the intervention. The experimental group received twelve ninety-minute sessions of intervention related to couple intelligence training (researcher-made) during three months. The applied questionnaires in this study included marital conflict questionnaire (Barati and Sana’ie, 1997), Enrich’s marital satisfaction questionnaire (Olson, 2006) and marital adjustment questionnaire (Sinner, 1976). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA by SPSS version 23.

the results showed that couple intelligence training has significant effect on the couple’s martial satisfaction and adjustment (p<0.001) in a way that this training succeeded in the improvement of the couples’ marital satisfaction (0.64) and adjustment (0.68).

The findings of the study revealed that couple intelligence training can be applied as an efficient method to improve the couples’ marital satisfaction and adaption through employing techniques such as training empathy, expressing positive emotion, intimacy, self-awareness, motivation in relationship, empathy, steady modification of common sensational, sexual, behavioral and cognitive  models and effective measures.

In recent years, obesity and overweight have become a major public health threat over the world. This research has aimed at investigating the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on eating disorder beliefs, Alexithymia and weight loss in overweight women.

The research design was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test with a control group and follow-up stage. The statistical population included overweight women referring to nutrition clinics in Urmia in 1398. Subjects were screened using the inclusion criteria. Among them, a sample of 30 people was selected by available sampling method and randomly   divided into two groups of 15 people. For the experimental group, positivist psychotherapy training was provided in 8, 1-hour sessions according to the instructions of Seligman and Rashid (2008), while the control group did not receive any training. The research instruments included body mass index (BMI) which was measured by dividing weight (in kilograms) by height squared (in meters), Toronto Alexithymia Scale ( TAS-20)  and Eating Disorders Beliefs Questionnaire (EDBQ).

The results showed that positive psychotherapy has significant impacts on weight loss, eating disorders beliefs and   alexithymia in obese and overweight women.

According to the obtained results, positive psychotherapy can be used for weight loss, eating disorders beliefs and Alexithymia. Therefore, it is suggested that this intervention applies for overweight and obesity treatment.

Behavioral problems such as low self-control cause communicational and psychological damages in the children. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of child-oriented mindfulness skills on the parent-child interaction and the children’s social behaviors with low self-control.

The present study was experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study included the children with low self-control in the city of Isfahan in academic year 2020-21. 40 children were selected through multi-stage clustered random sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 20 children). The experimental group received ten seventy-five-minute sessions of intervention regarding child-oriented mindfulness skills (Burdic, 2017) during two-and-a-half months. Three children from the experimental group and two from the control group were omitted from the study. The applied questionnaires in this study included Children's Self-control Questionnaire, Parent child relationship scale or PCRS by and social skills questionnaire. The data from the study were analyzed through ANCOVA method via SPSS23 software.

The results showed that training child-oriented mindfulness skills have significant effect on the parent-child interaction (0.57) and social behaviors (0.50) of the children with low self-control (p<0.001).

According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that training child-oriented mindfulness skills can be employed as an efficient method to improve parent-child interaction and social behaviors of the children with low self-control through employing techniques such as mindful emotions and thoughts and being in the present time.

Exercising with herbal supplements is recommended as an important way to control and prevent obesity. The aim of the study was to evaluate 8 weeks moderate intensity rhythmicaerobic exercise with green tea supplementation on some of metabolic and body composition indices of obese women.

In the semi-experimental study, 30 inactive obese women, purposefully, based on body mass index (BMI) were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 people. They were rhythmic aerobic exercise with green tea supplement group (Experimental1, BMI:35.69±2.28 kg/m2), rhythmic aerobic exercise group (Experimental2, BMI:36.18±2.25 kg/m2) and control group (BMI:34.65±3.02 kg/m2). The rhythmic aerobic exercise protocol was performed 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week for both experimental groups. The supplement group received one capsule containing 500 mg of green tea daily. Metabolic and body composition indices were measured in pre-test and post-test stages. Paired t-tests, covariance analysis and bonferroni post hoc test were used for data analysis (p<0.05).

Eight weeks of rhythmicaerobic exercise with and without green tea supplement led to significant decrease (p<0.05) in body weight and BMI (both of them respectivly 3%,2%), waist circumference(respectivly 4%,1%), serum glucose(respectively 7%,5%), triglyceride (respectively 11%,4%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (respectivly 25%,9%).

However, rhythmic aerobic exercise improved body composition and serum levels of triglycerides, glucose and MDA in obese women; rhythmic aerobic exercise with green tea supplement had a more significant effect on the waist circumference, serum levels of triglyceride and MDA.

Cardiovascular disease is a serious, chronic and life-threatening disease in the world. Therefore, this study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviews on social psychological adjustment, cortisol levels and cognitive emotion regulation in coronary heart disease patients.

For this purpose, a community of women aged 30 to 50 with cardiovascular disease referred to Shahid Rajaei Medical Center in Tehran, 45 people were selected in an accessible way and randomly in experimental and control groups (each group 15 People) were placed. The dependent variables were measured twice before and after the test using the Social Psychological Adjustment Scale, the IBL salivary cortisol kit, and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire.

Frequent measurement analysis of variance showed that both cognitive-behavioral intervention and motivational interview groups improved psychosocial adjustment, decreased cortisol in patients with coronary heart disease, and improved cognitive emotion regulation compared to the control group in both postoperative stages. Examination and follow-up have been significant.

Both treatments were equally effective in improving patients' psychosocial adjustment, but motivational interviews were more effective in reducing cortisol than cognitive-behavioral therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy was more effective than motivational interviews in improving cognitive emotion regulation.

According to most of the psychologists and researchers in the field of ethology, adolescence is a very sensitive and critical period. Any kind of negligence in educating the adolescents in this period can bring about irrecoverable damages. The purpose of the present study was to predict the adolescents’ tendency to high-risk behaviors according to parenting style and healthy life style.

The research method was descriptive in correlational type. The statistical population included the secondary high school students in the city of Qom in academic year 2019-20. The research sample included 252 students who were selected through clustered random sampling method. The applied instruments included the adolescents’ risk (Mohammadzade and Ahmadi, 2013), adolescents’ parenting style (Naghashan, 1979) and health promoting life style (Walker et.al, 1987). the data analysis was conducted through Pearson correlation and multiple regression methods.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between parenting style (control, affection) and three aspects of life style (spiritual growth, health accountability, and exercise and physical activity) and there is no significant relationship between the adolescents’ risk and three aspects of life style (interpersonal relationship, stress management and nutrition). Moreover, according to the calculated coefficient of determination, parenting styles and healthy life style in adolescents can explain 30% of the changes in their risk. Furthermore, according to the calculated Beta coefficient, healthy life style has more effect on the emergence of adolescents’ risk than the parenting style.

The findings of the present study showed that the effect of health promoting life style in the adolescents is more than that of the parenting style in them. Therefore, educational and training planners should sufficiently attend to the adolescents’ health promoting life style.

 Gender dysphoria disorder usually causes psychological damages due to social conditions of the societies. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the efficacy of training group mindfulness on the anxiety and depression of the people with gender dysphoria disorder.

 The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control-group and three-month follow-up stage design. The statistical population of the present study included all men and women with gender dysphoria disorder who referred to the organization of wellbeing in the city of Shiraz in 2018-19. 30 people with sexual dissatisfaction were selected through non-random convenient sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group received the intervention of training group mindfulness (eight sessions) during two months. The applied questionnaires in this study included anxiety questionnaire (AQ) and depression questionnaire (DQ). The data were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA method.

 The results showed that training group mindfulness has effect on the anxiety and depression of the people with gender dysphoria disorder (p<0.0001) as this kind of training led to the decrease of anxiety (0.61) and depression (0.49) in these people.

 According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that training mindfulness can be used as an efficient method to decrease anxiety and depression in the people with gender dysphoria disorder through employing techniques such as thoughts, emotions and mindful behavior.

Coronary conditions affect all aspects of life, including marital relationships. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between resilience and marital conflicts of Iranian couples during the social distance of the outbreak of coronavirus.

The method of this research was descriptive and one of the examples of correlation schemes. The population of the present study is couples during the period of social distancing, the prevalence of coronavirus in 2020. According to the type of research, the statistical sample size of 100 people, which was equal to 50 couples, was selected from the statistical population using random cluster sampling. The research instruments were Connor and Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire and Sanaei Zakir and Barati (2008) Marital Conflicts. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis and simultaneous regression in spss23 software.

The results of the study showed that resilience and its components have a negative relationship with marital conflicts. In general, the higher the resilience and control component, the lower the amount of marital conflicts.

According to the results, it is better for couples to be more flexible with their spouse during the period of social distance from the outbreak of Corona virus, so that they do not fall into the trap of marital conflicts.

In this study, the relationship between IQ and learning styles was investigated and for this purpose, educational personalization strategies were evaluated by identifying unknown and ambiguous relationships between the created data. In this research, to find this relationship, one of the data mining methods called exploratory association rules has been used. In this study, by designing the site and implementing it in schools, a large database was created and ambiguous relationships between demographic characteristics such as gender, aptitude and IQ, academic outcomes and interests with learning styles were discovered. Personalization of student learning has been explained. The innovation of this method compared to other methods is its dynamic aspect. By implementing the student data processing system, we can completely monitor students' activities at different times from the beginning of the study to the end.In this study, three modules were selected for the sample and the aim was to prove the use of big data in students' learning.