مجله طب نظامی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 6 (پیاپی 103، شهریور 1400)

Job burnout as an important subject and essential component of the nursing profession not only reduces the quality of life, but also has a negative impact on the quality of work-life of people. The purpose of this study was to carried out the spiritual coping strategies to deal with Job burnout in military Nurses.

This qualitative study was conducted through content analysis in the second half of 2015. In this study, twelve military nurses were selected through purposive sampling up to saturation data. Initially, they were asked to express their experiences about job burnout and then how to deal with it through semi-structured and deep individual interviews. After collecting the data, all interviews were recorded on paper and converted into text data and then coded with the special software analysis. Participants' contextual content data were analyzed through a conventional content analysis approach.

Data analysis resulted in the 243 primary codes in 9 sub-categories and three main categories. The main theme included religious beliefs, occupational values and pilgrimage-tourism programs that were extracted as strategies for coping with job burnout.

Religious beliefs and spirituality were considered as the most important adaptive factor that could be effective in nursing adjustment with the consequences of job burnout. So that nursing practices are targeted, easy to deals with work problems, and can also improve their quality of work life.

COVID-19 is a deadly disease and treatment personnel have an important role in the care and control of this disease. The prerequisite for this care is infection control measures with good knowledge and practice in this field. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the knowledge and practice of medical personnel in military clinics in Abadan in 2020.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 50 treatment personnel (nurse, operating room) participated in the census by informed consent. The data collection tool in this field was a self-made questionnaire of knowledge and practice of preventive behaviors. Scores are divided into three levels: good (above 24), medium (13-14), weak (below 13). Validity and reliability of this questionnaire have also been done. Data were analyzed using statistical tests and SPSS-22 software.

The results showed that the mean of knowledge of participants was 7.98 ± 1.13 and the level of performance of preventive behaviors was 56.88 ± 13.71; the level of knowledge of 34 people (68%) and the level of performance of 29 people (58%) among the participating personnel were reported as good and there was no statistically significant relationship between the two variables (P> 0.05).

The present study showed that medical Personnel military have a high level of knowledge and practice of preventive behaviors of COVID-19, however, interventions and training programs are necessary for health care workers.

Musculoskeletal disorders are among the most common causes of occupational injuries and disabilities in countries around the world. One of the times when people are at risk for musculoskeletal disorders is during the military. Considering the importance of soldiers' health, which is one of the main military pillars of the country, and considering that previous studies have further examined other occupations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of the intervention program on the level of risk of musculoskeletal disorders in soldiers in different parts of a military unit.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study that was performed on 140 male workers working by hand in different units of a military area in southern Iran in 2020. Sampling was available by sampling method. Assessing and determining the risk level for musculoskeletal disorders was performed using Rapid Exposure Assessment (QEC) software. Educational intervention for the intervention group, 4 60-minute training sessions were held. One month after the end of the educational intervention, the risk assessment of the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders in both groups was determined. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 statistical software.

The level of risk of musculoskeletal disorders after the educational intervention in the intervention group decreased compared to the control group and was statistically significant (P<0.05). Also, after the educational intervention in the two groups of intervention and control, in terms of the level of exposure to the risk factors of vibration, speed at work and job stress, there were no changes in the level of risk and training did not cause a statistically significant difference in these three factors (P>0.05). The level of whole body exposure risk for musculoskeletal disorders in the two groups of intervention and control after educational intervention is statistically significant (P<0.05).

Based on the findings of the present study, the rate of musculoskeletal disorders in soldiers was high and correctional exercises had a significant effect on musculoskeletal disorders. Since musculoskeletal disorders are preventable, it can be concluded that planned trainings to the target community, including educational interventions, can be effective and useful.

In response to the increasing rate of suicides in the world's armies, which also has significant statistics, attention and focus on the development and implementation of suicide prevention interventions have increased. Accordingly, the present study intends to evaluate the effectiveness of brief cognitive-behavioral therapy on reducing suicidal ideation of a group of soldiers.

In a quasi-experimental study based on a pre-and post-test design and control group, 24 soldiers were first selected using purposive sampling and then randomly divided into two experimental and control groups of 12 people. Brief cognitive-behavioral therapy was performed in the form of 10 sessions on a weekly basis for the experimental group. Data collection tools were Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI). The collected data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance methods in SPSS (V21.0) software.

Data analysis showed that brief cognitive-behavioral therapy was significantly effective in reducing soldiers' suicidal ideation after the intervention (P <0.05).

Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that brief cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in reducing soldiers' suicidal ideation. Therefore, the intervention used in the present study can be used as an appropriate method to reduce suicidal ideation, especially in soldiers and militaries, in psychological centers.

Turnover Intention is an introduction to job turnover, and leaving the organization is costly for the organization. Therefore, it is necessary to address the factors that lead to the reduction of this phenomenon in the prevalence of coronary disease in hospitals. This study investigates the effect of managerial coaching on the turnover intention with the mediating role of work engagement and self-efficacy among nurses working in coronary patient’s departments.

The research method is descriptive- survey. From the statistical population, 130 people were selected based on Morgan table by simple random sampling method and data were collected from a standard questionnaire based on the Likert scale. The reliability of the questionnaires was obtained using Cronbach's alpha in the range of (0.81-0.93). To analyze the research data, structural equation modeling using SMART-PLS version 2 software was used.

The results of this study showed that managerial coaching negatively affects the turnover Intention nurses. Also, the role of mediator work engagement and self-efficacy was confirmed in the effect of managerial mentoring on the turnover Intention, in other words, managerial coaching indirectly, through self-efficacy and work engagement, also reduces job turnover Intention nurses.

The results showed that managers who appear in the role of coach in organization reduce tend to the number of nurses 'turnover and increase nurses' work engagement and self-efficacy. The total of these factors reduces the cost of nursing careers. Therefore, it's a good idea for organizations to persuade their managers to engage in coaching behaviors within the organization.

Eye injuries are one of the most common side effects of chemical agents, especially mustard gas, which can cause many conflicts in the long time. The cornea is the most critical component of the eye, and many eye injuries somehow are related to that. Nowadays, corneal transplantation is the conventional treatment for corneal injuries, which is due to the lack of a donor, rejection of the transplant, and the possibility of transmitting the disease from the donor to the recipient, face limitations that require an alternative with high efficiency. Stem cells with the ability to proliferate and differentiate into target tissues play a crucial role in novel regeneration methods. These cells are also harvested from various non-ocular sources such as bone marrow, adipose and umbilical cord as well as ocular sources in the corneal layers. Direct and indirect transfer of stem cells with different ocular and ocular references to the cornea's damaged layers and subsequent differentiation into specific corneal cells and its regeneration has been considered a practical treatment in recent years. Due to the high progress in this field in many countries and its replacement with high-risk and time-consuming surgical methods, it needs to be studied more. In this review, in addition to introducing the challenges of current medical procedures and the structure of corneal tissue, the preclinical and clinical advances in the use of stem cells for cell therapy are highlighted.

The use of blood-sucking insects is one of the most important methods for pathogen prevalence in biological warfare. Fleas are one of the most important insects in transmitting microbial agents. Developing and updating new and specific methods of insect control is essential for passive defense and preparation of biological attacks as well as unexpected disease epidemics. For successful flea management, the used strategies must be selective and have minimal impact on the environment and humans. In the current study, effects of hormone-like compounds and IGRs on fleas control have been reviewed. Databases including EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, Citation Index, and Google Scholar were used as authentic sources. To retrieve the data, the search strategy and selection of articles was based on the keywords including Control, Fleas, Siphonaptera, Insect growth regulator, Insect hormone mimics, with different possible combinations were performed. We also used the keywords mainly mentioned in the titles of the articles without time limit but limited to 2020. The results of the study demonstrated that among the commercial growth regulators including juvenile hormone analogues, ecdysteroid agonists, and chitin synthesis inhibitors, the juvenile hormone analogues and chitin synthesis inhibitors have been most effective against fleas. In addition to their specificity, the growth regulators apart their safety are also considered persistant then their counterparts. These compounds can suppress flea populations and prevent the continued use of chemical pesticides. On the other hand, they impair resistance development in fleas. When fleas are used in biological warfare, growth regulators such as pyriproxyfen and lufenuron can disrupt flea survival and reproduction and control flea populations in a short while without harming own forces.

Economic resources, vital and gravity centers like food material and pharmaceutical warehouses are threatening by natural and man-made crises. Implementation of the passive defense fundamental’s is preventive measures, which can lead to elevation of the warehouses safety. This research was investigated assessment and implementation of the passive defense fundamentals in hospitals’ food and pharmaceutical warehouses.

This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted on hospitals food and pharmaceutical warehouses in two universities of medical sciences districts. Assessment of the research goal was performed by valid and reliable researcher made checklist. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods.

In the first step, a checklist as the passive defense assessment tool for warehouses assessment was designed. In 20%, 70% and 10% of warehouses, the implementation of passive defense fundamentals is desirable, moderate and weak respectively, Site selection in 71.26%, camouflage, coverage and dispersion in 64.35%, fire safety and early warning systems in 68.92%, outdoor security in 36.47%, indoor security in 48.47%, structural reinforcement in 58.35%, door and window safety in 76.06% and in other important cases, 66.65% was appropriate.

The passive defense status in warehouses is in the moderate to optimal, indoor and outdoor security and the principle of camouflage and dispersion due to lack of initial construction of structures is weak. As a result, elimination of the mentioned shortcomings, safety improvement, and implementation of the passive defense fundamentals are necessary.

We are bearing witness to the daily occurrence of natural disasters in various parts of the world. Considering the extensive presence of military forces for assistance and establishment of security in disaster-stricken regions, the importance of coordination between civil and military forces becomes clearer. The present study used a systematic review method to extract the factors influencing the enhancement of the military-civil forces’ coordination in natural disasters in various countries around the globe.

A systematic search was made in PubMed, Cochran Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and ProQuest between January 1970 and December 31, 2020. Articles were selected by the authors based on the search keywords including the three dimensions of "coordination", "disasters" and "military-civilian". The articles were selected based on keywords by the author. In the end, the factors influencing coordination were selected from the articles.

After studying the titles, abstracts, and texts of all articles, 15 of them were selected for final analysis. There were 2 qualitative articles, 3 quantitative articles, 1 lesson learned article, 5 mix-method studies and 4 review articles. The most frequent factors in terms of repetition were information management (sharing and newness), planning, unit commanding, instruction, and communication. Analyzing the articles, there were two main approaches to disaster management in the world, which include the parallel and sequential coordination approach.

The results obtained from this systematic review provided an overview of the factors influencing civil-military forces’ coordination during natural disasters. Each of the factors was envisioned as a chain loop that caused more coordination in responding to disasters. Overall, all organizations involved in disaster management should play a role in codification of crisis management policies of every country, so that the important aspects and issues can be taken into account.