نشریه روان پرستاری
سال نهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 46، مهر و آبان 1400)

Pemphigus vulgaris is a chronic and irritating bullous dermatologic disease with an autoimmune origin and has unpleasant psychological effects Also recreational sport or leisure time activities have been proposed as an uncomplicated and useful method in the treatment of anxiety and depression in a number of studies.

In this study we aim to investigate the effect of leisure time activities as a useful and uncomplicated method on depression and anxiety in pemphigus patients.

76 patients with pemphigus vulgaris were included in the study by observing the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two equal groups of control and intervention. Hospital anxiety and depression questionnaire (HADS) was obtained before and after the intervention by patients and they complete their Medical and Personal Demographic Information’s. The intervention included recreational sport such as walking in the park for 60 minutes, every other day,three sessions per week.for 8 weeks.

Recreational sport significantly reduced anxiety of patients in the intervention group compared to the control group after 8 weeks (6.92±4.7 vs 9.31±4.97, P-value=0.03). However, there was no significant effect on depression score between the two groups during the two-month period (6.03±4.6 vs 7.78±4.3, P-value=0.067). However, in the intervention group, significant changes in both anxiety and depression have been reported during the time. (P-value<0.03وP-value<0.004)

Leisure time physical activities such as recreational walking exercise in the park can be a useful and uncomplicated method to reduce anxiety in patients with pemphigus vulgaris along with medication, although it has not a significant effect on depression during this too short time in two-month exercise period.

Depression is one of the most common disorders in women. This disorder can severely affect womenchr('39')s performance. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on affective capital and depression in depressed women.

The research method is quasi-experimental with three groups in three stages: pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The statistical population of the study included depressed women in Isfahan in autumn and winter of 2019 and 2020. From the statistical population, 60 women were selected through purposive sampling and then randomly assigned to two experimental groups (20 people in each group) and control group (20 people). Affective Capital Questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory were used to measure the dependent variable. Positive psychotherapy group and acceptance and commitment treatment were treated in 14 and 13 sessions respectively, and the control group did not receive any treatment. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.

The results indicated that, there was a significant difference in affective capital and depression between the positive psychotherapy group and the acceptance and commitment treatment group with the control group (P <0.01). There is no significant difference between the two treatment groups in affective capital and depression (P >0.05).

Considering the effect of positive psychotherapy and acceptance and commitment based therapy on increasing affective capital and reducing depression in depressed women, the use of these two therapies in counseling and psychological treatment centers is suggested.

Schizotypal traits can lead to disturbance in social and personal functioning and are a prodromal risk factor for developing psychosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of dissociative experiences and intolerance of uncertainty in relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and schizotypal personality traits.

The research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all students of Islamic Azad University of Birjand in the academic year of 2019-2020, whose number was 5200 people. The sample size was 400 people who were selected by cluster random sampling method. In order to data gendering, childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), dissociative experiences scale (DES), intolerance of uncertainty scale (IUS) and schizotypal personality questionnaire- Brief Form (SPQ-BF) was used. The present research data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software and structural equation modeling method.

The results of this study showed that dissociative experiences and intolerance of uncertainty mediated the relationship between traumatic childhood and schizotypal personality traits. In addition, this model has a good fit.

The results of the present study support of the mediating role of dissociative experiences and intolerance of uncertainty in relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and schizotypal personality traits. These results emphasize the need to pay attention to these structures and consider their role by specialists, therapists and planners when working with students and especially in counseling and treatment centers.

Infertility is a widespread global problem that has become significantly more prevalent in recent years and can have devastating effects on these women physically, psychologically, spiritually and religiously. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of religion based  on cognitive behavioral therapy and positive therapy on self compassion and perception of suffering in infertile women.

The present study was an experimental study with an intervention and control group with pre-test, post-test and 2-month follow-up. The statistical population of the study was infertile women referring to infertility treatment centers (infertility medical clinics and health centers) in Ahvaz in 1399, 60 people were selected based on the criteria for purposeful sampling and based on simple randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 people. Were replaced. Religion-based cognitive-behavioral therapy received 10 sessions of 90 minutes and positivity therapy received 8 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The groups completed the Reiss & et al (2011) Self-Compassion Questionnaire and the Schulz et al. (2010) Perception of Suffering Questionnaire as pretest and posttest. MANKOVA analysis of covariance and Bonferney post hoc were used to analyze the data. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 24.

The results showed that in the post-test and follow-up stages, religion-oriented and positive cognitive behavioral therapy were effective in reducing self compassion and perception of suffering (physical, psychological, spiritual/ existential) (P <0.001). Also, in the post-test and follow-up stages, no difference was observed between the effectiveness of the two interventions on self compassion and perception of suffering (physical, psychological, spiritual / existential) (P <0.05).

The results support the effect of two methods of religion-based cognitive behavioral therapy and positive therapy on increasing self-compassion and reducing the perception of suffering. Therefore, it can be said that these treatments can be used as a complementary treatment along with other medical treatments to help psychological problems of infertile women.

Depression in adolescence under the influence of negative cognitions and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies can significantly impair performance and lead to harmful behaviors such as suicide attempts; Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Rumination-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RFCBT) versus Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on cognitive emotion regulation and negative depression-related beliefs among depressed girls who attempted suicide.

This study was quasi-experimental with a control group and two-month follow-up period. Thirty-three depressed adolescent girls who had referred to the emergency department with suicide attempting from October 23, 2019 to March 5, 2020, after having the inclusion criteria, were selected with targeted sampling method. Then, participants were randomly divided into three groups (two experimental groups of 10 and a control group of 13). One group received RFCBT and the other group received MBCT in ten individual sessions. The Beck Depression Inventory-II, Depression-Related Beliefs Scale and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were employed as research instrument. Analyses of the data were made using SPSS version 16 software followed by analysis of variance with repeated measures.

The finding showed that both methods had a significant effect on reducing depression, depression-related beliefs, maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and increasing adaptive strategies at the time of post-test (p <0.001) and follow-up (p <0.05) compared to pre-test. The results were stable during the two-month follow-up period in each intervention group compared to the post-test period (p> 0.05).

The results support the effectiveness of two methods of rumination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy without superiority over each other, in better use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and decreasing the negative depression-related beliefs. Therefore, planning for the use of both methods by therapists to improve the psychological health of adolescents with depression is suggested; However, strong conclusions about rumination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy require further research in the future and a larger statistical population.

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death in the world and as a stressful experience it can cause many psychological, social and biological problems. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of meaning-based existential psychotherapy on depression and serum levels of cytokine interferon gamma in women with breast cancer.

For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental clinical trial, 24 patients with breast cancer from Ayatollah Khansari Hospital in Arak were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent meaning-based existential intervention for 10 sessions and the control group did not receive any intervention. Serum interferon gamma and depression levels were measured in both groups before, after, and three months after the last intervention.

The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that meaning-based existential therapy had a significant effect on reducing depression and interferon-gamma levels, and this efficacy was relatively stable over time (P <0.05).

Based on the results of this study, in the case of cancer patients, health professionals can use meaning-based existential psychotherapy to improve depression and their immune system.

Infertility is a problem with a range of individual and social consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulty in the relationship between psychological flexibility and loneliness in infertile women.

The method of this research was descriptive with structural correlation research design. The statistical population of this study included all women who referred to Hazrat Maryam Sari Infertility Center to receive infertility services in the autumn quarter of 1398. Among them, 291 people were selected by purposive sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria to participate in the study. Data were collected using the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire and difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis using Amos software were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that flexibility (r = -0.24, P<0.01) and difficulty in regulating emotion (r = 0.36, P<0.01) had a negative and positive correlation, respectively, with loneliness. The difficulty of emotion regulation had a mediating role in the relationship between psychological flexibility and loneliness (P<0.01).

The present study showed that in infertile women, psychological flexibility and difficulty in regulating emotion are able to predict loneliness. It seems that health professionals can help reduce the difficulty of regulating emotion and loneliness and increase psychological flexibility in these maples by designing appropriate interventions.

Infidelity is a painful and complicated experience for a betrayed spouse. The purpose of this study was to the comparison of the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple therapy and solution- focused therapy on sexual satisfaction in women affected by marital infidelity referred to consulting centers in Ahvaz city.

This experimental study was conducted with a pretest, posttest and follow up design with control group. The statistical population included all women affected by marital infidelity referred to consulting centers in Ahvaz city in 2019, that 45 women were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (each group of 15 women). To collect data questionnaires such as Attitudes to Crossover Relationships of Vitley (2006) and Sexual Satisfaction of Hadson et al (1981) were used. The experimental groups underwent emotionally focused couple therapy (10 sessions 90 minutes) and solution- focused therapy (6 sessions 120 minutes), but the control group received no training. Data were analysed using covariance analysis.

The results showed that both emotionally focused couple therapy and solution- focused therapy were effective to increasing sexual satisfaction in women affected by marital infidelity (p<0/01) and the results showed that there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple therapy and solution- focused therapy on increasing sexual satisfaction in women affected by marital infidelity (p>0/05) And these results did not continue until the follow up stage.

Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that emotionally focused couple therapy and solution- focused therapy are used to increasing sexual satisfaction in women.